# baseURI: https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/fileformats @prefix : . @prefix dcterms: . @prefix nara: . @prefix naraid: . @prefix owl: . @prefix rdf: . @prefix rdfs: . @prefix wikidata: . @prefix xsd: . naraid:NF00100 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "3DS Max files (.max) are proprietary 3D modeling files that contain all components and references needed to render a 3D scene. First released in 1988, Autodesk 3DS Max supports polygon, NURBS, and surface tool modeling. These files can be opened in FME and Autodesk 3DS Max, which supports backwards compatibility to open any .max file created in earlier versions of the software. Due to the proprietary nature of the format and the expense of Autodesk 3DS Max software, transformation to the open-source file format USD is recommended." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00100" ; rdfs:label "NF00100" ; wikidata:p1195 "max" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/978" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autodesk_3ds_Max" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28771225" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "3DS Max" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ESRI ArcGIS Shapefile" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper; Autodesk 3ds Max """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MAX_(3ds_Max)" ; . naraid:NF00101 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "3GP, or 3GPP, is a digital multimedia container format. 3PG was created by the Third Generation Partnership Program in 2003 to be used for 3G Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). 3GP uses video compression MPEG-4 Part 12 with codecs H.263 or H.264 and audio compressions Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) or Advanced Audio Coding- Low Complexity (AAC-LC). 3GP files are primarily used for 3G mobile phones to send media files through Multimedia Messaging Services (MMS) but can also be played on some 2G and 4G phones. 3GP has an open specification and open source tools available for transcoding. NARA recommends retaining 3GP files as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00101" ; rdfs:label "NF00101" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/3gpp" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/3gpp" ; wikidata:p1195 "3gp" ; wikidata:p1195 "3gpp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/357" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/video/3gp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3GP_and_3G2" ; wikidata:p973 "https://portal.3gpp.org/desktopmodules/Specifications/SpecificationDetails.aspx?specificationId=1441" ; wikidata:p973 "https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3839" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27863097" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "3GP" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/3GPP" ; . naraid:NF00102 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adaptive Multi Rate Audio (AMR) is a compressed audio codec format, generally used for voice memos and audio embedded in video. AMR was developed by 3GPP in 1999 as a part of the development of the 3GP video format. AMR distinguishes itself from AMRWB and AMRWB+ by utilizing only a narrow band. AMR is an open standard but utilizes patents from several companies, although many licenses have now expired. It is widely used and software for rendering is available. NARA recommends retaining AMR as-is since the files can easily be opened and are prevalent in the field." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00102" ; rdfs:label "NF00102" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/amr" ; wikidata:p1195 "amr" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/356" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000254.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/audio/amr/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_Multi-Rate_audio_codec" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.FFmpeg.org/FFmpeg-codecs.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4867.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4676210" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Adaptive Multi Rate Audio (AMR)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; Audacity; VLC """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Adaptive_Multi-Rate_Audio" ; . naraid:NF00103 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe InDesign (.INDD, .IND, .INDT) is a professional desktop publishing program. The software was developed in 1999 as the successor to Aldus PageMaker, which had been acquired by Adobe in 1994. It is used to create print documents such as books, magazines, and brochures; files contain formatting and graphics elements and linked images. Adobe InDesign CS, released in 2003, integrated the program into Adobe's Creative Suite, introducing interoperability with Photoshop, Illustrator, and Acrobat. Adobe InDesign is a proprietary format and should be converted to PDF for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00103" ; rdfs:label "NF00103" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-adobe-indesign" ; wikidata:p1195 "ind" ; wikidata:p1195 "indd" ; wikidata:p1195 "indt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/196" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_InDesign" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61752184" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Adobe InDesign Document CS" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe InDesign """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/INDD" ; . naraid:NF00104 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Proprietary format; transform into standard format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00104" ; rdfs:label "NF00104" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/167" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_PhotoDeluxe" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28206952" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Adobe PhotoDeluxe" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF, JPEG, or JPEG2000" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PhotoDeluxe" ; . naraid:NF00105 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "This is a native Photoshop file used to retain certain editing functions and is considered an intermediate production file. These files should be converted to a standardized flattened format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00105" ; rdfs:label "NF00105" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/vnd.adobe.photoshop" ; wikidata:p1195 "psd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/92" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000523.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/psd/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Photoshop#File_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.adobe.com/devnet-apps/photoshop/fileformatashtml/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2141903" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Adobe Photoshop" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF or JPEG2000" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PSD" ; . naraid:NF00106 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) is a lossy audio compression. Advanced Audio Coding was first defined in MPEG-2, part 7 in 1997 by the Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG). AAC can be a standalone file format or it can be stored in other containers/wrappers. MPEG-2 Audio AAC is an open standard, is still supported by MPEG, and has open source tools available for transcoding. It recommended to retain AAC MP2 files as-is. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00106" ; rdfs:label "NF00106" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/aac" ; wikidata:p1195 "aac" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000036.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/audio/aac/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Coding" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/aac/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/43345.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337594" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) MPEG-2 Audio" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/AAC" ; . naraid:NF00107 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) is a lossy audio compression that can be packaged into various containers like MPEG-4 (MP4). Advanced Audio Coding was first defined in MPEG-2 part 7 in 1997, and updated in MPEG-4 part 3 in 1999 by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG). MPEG-4 audio is an open standard and is still supported by MPEG. It is widely used in the community and has open source tools available for transcoding. It is recommended to retain AAC MPEG-4 files as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00107" ; rdfs:label "NF00107" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/aac" ; wikidata:p1195 "aac" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000114.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Coding" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/79110.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337594" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) with MPEG-4, V.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/AAC" ; . naraid:NF00108 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Advanced Audio Coding MPEG-4 Low Complexity Object (AAC-LC) is a lossy audio compression. Advanced Audio Coding was first defined in MPEG-2, part 7 in 1997 and updated in MPEG-4, part 3 in 1999 by the Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG). Low Complexity is mostly used for audio on the iPhone. AAC can be a standalone file format or it can be stored in other containers/wrappers like MP4 or M4A. MPEG-4 audio is an open standard, is still supported by MPEG, widely used in the community and has open source tools available for transcoding. It is recommended to retain AAC MPEG-4 Low Complexity files as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00108" ; rdfs:label "NF00108" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/aac" ; wikidata:p1195 "aac" ; wikidata:p1195 "m4a" ; wikidata:p1195 "mp4" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000233.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/audio/aac/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Coding" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/aac/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/79110.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337594" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) MPEG-4 Low Complexity Object" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/AAC" ; . naraid:NF00109 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Advanced Systems Format (ASF) is a proprietary Microsoft multimedia format used for storing bitstreams and is a subset of Windows Media Video (WMV) format. Contained bitstreams can include audio, video, still images, and scripts. ASF can also be used with SAMI (Synchronized Accessible Media Exchange). ASF was released in 1998 within the Media Foundation framework. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family. While ASF is well documented, it is no longer supported in the marketplace. It is recommended to identify whether ASF is proportionally audio or video. Audio should be retained as-is and video should be transformed to AVI. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00109" ; rdfs:label "NF00109" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-asf" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/x-ms-asf" ; wikidata:p1195 "asf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/131" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000067.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://web.archive.org/web/20140419205228/http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb643323.aspx" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/video/asf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Systems_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q379741" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "Advanced Systems Format unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Depends on version, may be audio or video file." ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/ASF" ; "A number of ASF files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00109 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00110 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Desktop Services Store (.DS_Store) is a binary file in Apple macOS that stores custom attributes of its containing folder, such as the positions of icons or the choice of a background image. It is a hidden file that is created and maintained by the macOS Finder application. The internal structure of .DS_Store is proprietary, but has been reverse-engineered. .DS_Store files should not be migrated, because any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00110" ; rdfs:label "NF00110" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "DS_STORE" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/394" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000597.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.DS_Store" ; wikidata:p973 "https://formats.kaitai.io/ds_store/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://metacpan.org/dist/Mac-Finder-DSStore/view/DSStoreFormat.pod" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q307271" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Apple Macintosh Desktop Services Store" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ds_store" ; . naraid:NF00111 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Compressed Archive File (ARC) is a lossless data compressed archive format. ARC files were created by System Enhancement Associations (SEA) in 1985. ARC files were used during the early days of the Bulletin Board System (BBS) in the 1980s and are primarily used to package software for distribution. Compressed Archive Files have the extension .arc and it should be noted there are many other file formats with the same extension, but none of them are compatible or related. Compressed Archive (ARC) files should be retained as-is and the files should be extracted from the container. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00111" ; rdfs:label "NF00111" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "arc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/compression/arc/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARC_(file_format)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/arc/corion.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q296496" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Compressed Archive File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain but extract files from the container" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """WinZip """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/ARC_(compression_format)" ; . naraid:NF00112 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Internet Archive ARC is a file format created by the Internet Archive in 1996 to combine uncompressed web site files captured through a web crawl into a single aggregated archival container file. ARC was superseded by the format Web ARCive (WARC) in 2008 but is still supported by many tools. It should be noted that Compressed Archive Files (ARC) are different and incompatible with Internet Archive ARC files. Internet Archive ARC has an open specification and open source tools are available for processing. Therefore, it is recommended to retain as is. Internet Archive ARC files are considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00112" ; rdfs:label "NF00112" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "arc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/219" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000235.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://archive.org/web/researcher/ArcFileFormat.php" ; wikidata:p973 "http://crawler.archive.org/articles/developer_manual/arcs.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27824058" ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Internet Archive ARC" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/ARC_(Internet_Archive)" ; . naraid:NF00113 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) is a character encoding for the representation of text as bits. ASCII 7-bit uses numerical values to represent 128 characters. Originally developed for teletypes, ASCII is a well-established standard that was first issued in 1963 and is still maintained. The ASCII has standard open specifications and is widely supported. ASCII 7-bit is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance, so it is recommended that ASCII files be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00113" ; rdfs:label "NF00113" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "asc" ; wikidata:p1195 "csv" ; wikidata:p1195 "tab" ; wikidata:p1195 "txt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/22" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ascii.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII#7-bit_codes" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/ascii/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/4777.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62619688" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) 7-bit Text" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/ASCII" ; . naraid:NF00114 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) is a character encoding for the representation of text as bits. ASCII 8-bit, or extended ASCII, uses numerical values to represent 256 characters. Originally developed for teletypes, ASCII is a well-established standard that was first issued in 1963; the ASCII 8-bit extension of the standard was issued in 1981 and continues to be maintained. The ASCII standard has open specifications and is widely supported, therefore, it is recommended that ASCII files be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00114" ; rdfs:label "NF00114" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "asc" ; wikidata:p1195 "csv" ; wikidata:p1195 "tab" ; wikidata:p1195 "txt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/283" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ascii.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII#8-bit_codes" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/ascii/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/28245.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63036182" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) 8-bit Text" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/ASCII" ; . naraid:NF00115 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF) is an uncompressed audio format mostly used on personal computers. The format is based on Electronic Arts' Interchange File Format 85, and is similar to WAV, but AIFF is predominantly used on Apple macOS computers and allows for metadata. AIFF is a proprietary file format by Apple and is widely adopted in the Apple community. AIFF was developed in 1988 by Apple, which later created AIFF-C (Compressed) in 1990 to allow for compression, since AIFF does not allow for compressed audio data. Information is not available to indicate how many times the file specification has been updated over the years. Open source software is available for transcoding. AIFF is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance. AIFF files should be retained as-is since the files can easily be opened, are lossless, and are prevalent in the field." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00115" ; rdfs:label "NF00115" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/aiff" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-aiff" ; wikidata:p1195 "aif" ; wikidata:p1195 "aiff" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/414" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000005.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www-mmsp.ece.mcgill.ca/Documents/AudioFormats/AIFF/AIFF.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/audio/aiff/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_Interchange_File_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20170720155536/http://sox.sourceforge.net/AudioFormats-11.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q758853" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/AIFF" ; . naraid:NF00116 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF) is an uncompressed audio format based on Electronic Arts' Interchange File Format 85 and similar to WAV. AIFF is predominantly used on Apple macOS personal computers and allows for embedded metadata. AIFF was developed in 1988 by Apple and is proprietary, and it is widely adopted in the Apple community. AIFF does not allow for compressed audio data, so the separate AIFF-C (Compressed) format was developed in 1990. Information is not available to indicate how many times the file specification has been updated over the years. Linear Pulse Code Modulated Audio (LPCM) is an uncompressed linear audio signal used for CD and DVDs. LPCM was first used digitally in 1967 by the Japanese Broadcasting Corporation NHK and was first used on a CD in 1982. For this file format, AIFF is the wrapper around the LPCM sound bitstream. This practice is widely used by the Apple community. Open source software is available for transcoding. As the wrapper, AIFF is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance. AIFF files with the LCPM codec should be retained as-is since the files can easily be opened, are lossless, and are prevalent in the field." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00116" ; rdfs:label "NF00116" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/aiff" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-aiff" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-pn-aiff" ; wikidata:p1163 "sound/aiff" ; wikidata:p1195 "aif" ; wikidata:p1195 "aiff" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/135" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000116.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www-mmsp.ece.mcgill.ca/Documents/AudioFormats/AIFF/Docs/AIFF-1.3.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/audio/aiff/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_Interchange_File_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q758853" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF) with LPCM Audio" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/AIFF" ; . naraid:NF00117 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Audio Video Interleave Format (AVI) is a wrapper for video and audio bitstreams which allows synchronous playback. AVI was developed by Microsoft in 1992 and is based on the RIFF (Resource Interchange File Format) wrapper. While AVI has an open specification, it's a proprietary format and maintained by Microsoft. AVI has multiple open source tools available for transcoding. It is recommended that AVI files be retained as-is and is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00117" ; rdfs:label "NF00117" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/avi" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/msvideo" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/vnd.avi" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/x-msvideo" ; wikidata:p1195 "avi" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/5" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000059.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/video/avi/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/directshow/avi-riff-file-reference" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_Video_Interleave" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20150227210336/http://www.kk.iij4u.or.jp/~kondo/wave/mpidata.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209054" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "Audio Video Interleave Format (AVI)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/AVI" ; . naraid:NF00118 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "AutoCAD Drawing (2000-2002), or DWG, is a vector graphics file format for storing two and three dimensional design data. It was first developed in the 1970s for the Interact CAD package, and in 1982 was licensed by Autodesk for use as the native file format in AutoCAD. Although proprietary, DWG has been adopted as the native format by other Computer-Aided Design applications and is widely used. The 2000-2002 format version was released in 1999 with AutoCAD 2000, introducing layering with Named Layer Filters. Other files that AutoCAD produces are also DWG files, including .bak (drawing backup), .dws (drawing standards), and .dwt (drawing template). Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transforming DWG to Adobe Geospatial PDF for preservation, as well as retaining the original." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00118" ; rdfs:label "NF00118" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-acad" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-autocad" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/vnd.dwg" ; wikidata:p1195 "dwg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/35" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000445.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.dwg" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.opendesign.com/files/guestdownloads/OpenDesign_Specification_for_.dwg_files.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.scan2cad.com/blog/dwg/file-spec/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27863132" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "AutoCAD Drawing (2000-2002)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to Adobe Geospatial PDF and retain DWG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper; AutoCAD TrueView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DWG" ; . naraid:NF00119 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "AutoCAD Drawing (2004-2005), or DWG, is a vector graphics file format for storing two and three dimensional design data. It was first developed in the 1970s for the Interact CAD package, and in 1982 was licensed by Autodesk for use as the native file format in AutoCAD. Although proprietary, DWG has been adopted as the native format by other Computer-Aided Design applications and is widely used. The 2004-2005 format version was released in 2003 with AutoCAD 2004, introducing the ability to apply digital signatures to DWG files. Other files that AutoCAD produces are also DWG files, including .bak (drawing backup), .dws (drawing standards), and .dwt (drawing template). Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transforming DWG to Adobe Geospatial PDF for preservation, as well as retaining the original." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00119" ; rdfs:label "NF00119" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-acad" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-autocad" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/vnd.dwg" ; wikidata:p1195 "dwg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/36" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000445.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.dwg" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.opendesign.com/files/guestdownloads/OpenDesign_Specification_for_.dwg_files.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.scan2cad.com/blog/dwg/file-spec/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27863134" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "AutoCAD Drawing (2004-2005)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to Adobe Geospatial PDF and retain DWG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper; AutoCAD TrueView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DWG" ; . naraid:NF00120 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "AutoCAD Drawing (2007-2008), or DWG, is a vector graphics file format for storing two and three dimensional design data. It was first developed in the 1970s for the Interact CAD package, and in 1982 was licensed by Autodesk for use as the native file format in AutoCAD. Although proprietary, DWG has been adopted as the native format by other Computer-Aided Design applications and is widely used. The 2007-2008 format version was released in 2006 with AutoCAD 2007, introducing the ability to export animations in the Windows Media Video (WMV) format. Other files that AutoCAD produces are also DWG files, including .bak (drawing backup), .dws (drawing standards), and .dwt (drawing template). Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transforming DWG to Adobe Geospatial PDF for preservation, as well as retaining the original." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00120" ; rdfs:label "NF00120" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-acad" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-autocad" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/vnd.dwg" ; wikidata:p1195 "dwg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/455" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000445.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.dwg" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.opendesign.com/files/guestdownloads/OpenDesign_Specification_for_.dwg_files.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.scan2cad.com/blog/dwg/file-spec/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27863136" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "AutoCAD Drawing (2007-2008)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to Adobe Geospatial PDF and retain DWG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper; AutoCAD TrueView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DWG" ; . naraid:NF00121 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "AutoCAD Drawing (2010-2012), or DWG, is a vector graphics file format for storing two and three dimensional design data. It was first developed in the 1970s for the Interact CAD package, and in 1982 was licensed by Autodesk for use as the native file format in AutoCAD. Although proprietary, DWG has been adopted as the native format by other Computer-Aided Design applications and is widely used. The 2010-2012 format version was released in 2009 with AutoCAD 2010, introducing PDF underlays and 3D solid mesh modeling. Other files that AutoCAD produces are also DWG files, including .bak (drawing backup), .dws (drawing standards), and .dwt (drawing template). Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transforming DWG to Adobe Geospatial PDF for preservation, as well as retaining the original." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00121" ; rdfs:label "NF00121" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-acad" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-autocad" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/vnd.dwg" ; wikidata:p1195 "dwg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/434" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000445.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.dwg" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.opendesign.com/files/guestdownloads/OpenDesign_Specification_for_.dwg_files.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.scan2cad.com/blog/dwg/file-spec/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27863142" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "AutoCAD Drawing (2010-2012)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to Adobe Geospatial PDF and retain DWG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper; AutoCAD TrueView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DWG" ; . naraid:NF00122 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation, so migration is recommended, but at the time of this plan, no format options are available that retain fidelity." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00122" ; rdfs:label "NF00122" ; wikidata:p1195 "bkl" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/24" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000445.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AutoCAD" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47539298" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "AutoCAD component: Block Attribute Template" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format and retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Autocad" ; . naraid:NF00123 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation, so migration is recommended, but at the time of this plan, no format options are available that retain fidelity." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00123" ; rdfs:label "NF00123" ; wikidata:p1195 "ctb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/37" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000445.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AutoCAD" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47538629" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "AutoCAD component: Colour-Dependant Plot Style Table" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format and retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Autocad" ; . naraid:NF00124 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation, so migration is recommended, but at the time of this plan, no format options are available that retain fidelity." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00124" ; rdfs:label "NF00124" ; wikidata:p1195 "mnc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/68" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000445.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AutoCAD" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47538951" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "AutoCAD component: Compiled Menu" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format and retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Autocad" ; . naraid:NF00125 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation, so migration is recommended, but at the time of this plan, no format options are available that retain fidelity. Fileinfo.com notes they can be edited with most text editors since they're ASCII." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00125" ; rdfs:label "NF00125" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "cus" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/38" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000445.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AutoCAD" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47538631" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "AutoCAD component: Custom Dictionary" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format and retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper; Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Autocad" ; . naraid:NF00126 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation, so migration is recommended, but at the time of this plan, no format options are available that retain fidelity." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00126" ; rdfs:label "NF00126" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "dbt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/40" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000445.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AutoCAD" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47539061" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "AutoCAD component: dbConnect Template Set" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly CSV, and retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Autocad" ; . naraid:NF00127 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation, so migration is recommended, but at the time of this plan, no format options are available that retain fidelity." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00127" ; rdfs:label "NF00127" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-autocad" ; wikidata:p1195 "lin" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/60" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000445.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AutoCAD" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47539001" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "AutoCAD component: Linetype Definition File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format and retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Autocad" ; . naraid:NF00128 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation, so migration is recommended, but at the time of this plan, no format options are available that retain fidelity." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00128" ; rdfs:label "NF00128" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "stb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/107" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000445.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AutoCAD" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51789246" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "AutoCAD component: Named Plot Style Table" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format and retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Autocad" ; . naraid:NF00129 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "AutoCAD Drawing (R10), or DWG, is a vector graphics file format for storing two and three dimensional design data. It was first developed in the 1970s for the Interact CAD package, and in 1982 was licensed by Autodesk for use as the native file format in AutoCAD. Although proprietary, DWG has been adopted as the native format by other Computer-Aided Design applications and is widely used. The R10 format version was released in 1988 with AutoCAD Release 10. It was the first version of the software to fully implement 3D capabilities. Other files that AutoCAD produces are also DWG files, including .bak (drawing backup), .dws (drawing standards), and .dwt (drawing template). Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transforming DWG to Adobe Geospatial PDF for preservation, as well as retaining the original.is too large to fit on one PDF page while retaining visual details of the original file. FME allows the user to select pieces of the image to transform into PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00129" ; rdfs:label "NF00129" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-acad" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-autocad" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/vnd.dwg" ; wikidata:p1195 "dwg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/31" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000445.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.dwg" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.scan2cad.com/blog/dwg/file-spec/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27863123" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "AutoCAD Drawing (R10)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to Adobe Geospatial PDF and retain DWG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper; AutoCAD TrueView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DWG" ; . naraid:NF00130 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "AutoCAD Drawing (R11/12), or DWG, is a vector graphics file format for storing two and three dimensional design data. It was first developed in the 1970s for the Interact CAD package, and in 1982 was licensed by Autodesk for use as the native file format in AutoCAD. Although proprietary, DWG has been adopted as the native format by other Computer-Aided Design applications and is widely used. The R11/12 format version was released in 1990 with AutoCAD Release 11, introducing 3D solid modeling through Advanced Modeling Extension (AME). Other files that AutoCAD produces are also DWG files, including .bak (drawing backup), .dws (drawing standards), and .dwt (drawing template). Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transforming DWG to Adobe Geospatial PDF for preservation, as well as retaining the original." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00130" ; rdfs:label "NF00130" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-acad" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-autocad" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/vnd.dwg" ; wikidata:p1195 "dwg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/32" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000445.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.dwg" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.scan2cad.com/blog/dwg/file-spec/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27863127" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "AutoCAD Drawing (R11/12)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to Adobe Geospatial PDF and retain DWG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper; AutoCAD TrueView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DWG" ; . naraid:NF00131 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "AutoCAD Drawing (R14), or DWG, is a vector graphics file format for storing two and three dimensional design data. It was first developed in the 1970s for the Interact CAD package, and in 1982 was licensed by Autodesk for use as the native file format in AutoCAD. Although proprietary, DWG has been adopted as the native format by other Computer-Aided Design applications and is widely used. The R14 format version was released in 1997 with AutoCAD Release 14, including improved handling of raster images. This marked the first AutoCAD software that wasn't available for MS-DOS and was only available for Windows. Other files that AutoCAD produces are also DWG files, including .bak (drawing backup), .dws (drawing standards), and .dwt (drawing template). Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transforming DWG to Adobe Geospatial PDF for preservation, as well as retaining the original." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00131" ; rdfs:label "NF00131" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-acad" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-autocad" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/vnd.dwg" ; wikidata:p1195 "dwg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/34" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000445.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.dwg" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.opendesign.com/files/guestdownloads/OpenDesign_Specification_for_.dwg_files.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.scan2cad.com/blog/dwg/file-spec/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27863131" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "AutoCAD Drawing (R14)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to Adobe Geospatial PDF and retain DWG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper; AutoCAD TrueView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DWG" ; . naraid:NF00132 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation, so migration is recommended, but at the time of this plan, no format options are available that retain fidelity." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00132" ; rdfs:label "NF00132" ; wikidata:p1195 "scr" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/100" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000445.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AutoCAD" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51751573" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "AutoCAD component: Script" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format and retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Autocad" ; . naraid:NF00133 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "RTE (template) files and RVT (project) files are Revit projects. The difference between the two is that the template is used to start a new project. The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation. Revit is still sold and supported in the marketplace, so transformation may be possible. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00133" ; rdfs:label "NF00133" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "rte" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/445" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autodesk_Revit" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/rte" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49619661" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "AutoDesk Revit Template" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly PDF or KML" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Revit" ; . naraid:NF00134 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A batch file is a script file in DOS, OS/2, and Microsoft Windows. It is a plain text file which consists of a series of commands to be executed by the command-line interpreter. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00134" ; rdfs:label "NF00134" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/bat" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-bat" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-msdos-program" ; wikidata:p1195 "bat" ; wikidata:p1195 "btm" ; wikidata:p1195 "cmd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/413" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batch_file" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/executable/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20150304011032/http://www.microsoft.com/resources/documentation/windows/xp/all/proddocs/en-us/batch.mspx?mfr=true" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q479833" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Batch Script" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Batch_file" ; . naraid:NF00135 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A binary file is a computer file that is not a text file, typically containing bytes that are intended to be interpreted as something other than text characters. Compiled computer programs are typical examples; compiled applications are sometimes referred to as binaries. But binary files can also mean that they contain images, sounds, compressed versions of other files, etc. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00135" ; rdfs:label "NF00135" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "bin" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/208" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_file" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27979410" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Binary file" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:bin" ; . naraid:NF00136 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Broadcast Wave (BWF) is an audio format that's designed for file-based non-linear digital recorders. BWF is based on the Microsoft WAV format as chunk-based audio and was developed in 1997 by the European Broadcasting Union with Microsoft and IBM. While BWF is still proprietary to Microsoft, the format has an open specification and is an industry standard with open source tools available for transcoding. Therefore, it is recommended to retain the files as-is. BWF is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00136" ; rdfs:label "NF00136" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-wav" ; wikidata:p1195 "wav" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000001.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadcast_Wave_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://tech.ebu.ch/docs/tech/tech3285.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27526426" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Broadcast Wave (BWF) v. 0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/BWF" ; . naraid:NF00137 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Btrieve 5.1 (BTR) files were created by the Btrieve transactional database program. Btrieve uses the Indexed Sequential Access Method (ISAM) to store and retrieve data. Version 5.1 of the program was backwards-compatible with earlier versions due to the use of a standard file format. Btrieve has been developed by several companies over the years, with Btrieve 5.1 being released in 1990, during Novell's ownership of the software. Btrieve 5.1 was available for DOS, OS/2, and Windows computers. While Btrieve still exists and has been rolled into Actian's Zen database applications, the BTR file format is proprietary and does not have an open format specification. NARA recommends transforming BTR files to a more sustainable format, such as CSV." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00137" ; rdfs:label "NF00137" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "btr" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/308" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture_of_Btrieve" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrieve" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48805099" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Btrieve 5.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Any process will require Actian (formerly Pervasive) Btrieve drivers. Access can read btrieve tables only if there are data definitions available, which are Btrieve .DDF files. If there are no ddf's, the processing archivist will need to create them from scratch with either a 3rd party tool such as BtSearch or use Actian's products. With both the BTR and DDF files and the Actian/Pervasive ODBC driver to set up ODBC DSNs the data can be read with MS Access." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:btr" ; . naraid:NF00138 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "C# is a language derived from C, one of several C derivatives to add object-oriented features. C# was introduced by Microsoft in conjunction with the .NET application framework, but has since been approved as an international standard by Ecma (ECMA-334) in 2002 and ISO (ISO/IEC 23270) in 2003. CS files are plain text. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00138" ; rdfs:label "NF00138" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/x-csharp" ; wikidata:p1195 "cs" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/programming/cs/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_Sharp_(programming_language)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=7029" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111431061" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "C# Code" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/C_Sharp" ; . naraid:NF00139 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The CALS raster format is a standard developed by the Computer Aided Acquisition and Logistics Support (CALS) office of the United States Department of Defense to standardize graphics data interchange for electronic publishing, especially in the areas of technical graphics, CAD/CAM, and image processing applications. It is not clear if these files are image related, textual, graphics, or a combination." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00139" ; rdfs:label "NF00139" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-cals" ; wikidata:p1195 "cal" ; wikidata:p1195 "ct1" ; wikidata:p1195 "ct2" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/28" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CALS_Raster_file_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20200716200509/https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a206066.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000521.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59715886" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "CALS Compressed Bitmap" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to JPEG or JPEG2000" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FME """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/CALS_raster" ; . naraid:NF00141 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a document written in a markup language like HTML. CSS files are plain text. The CSS specification for version 1.0 was first published in 1996 by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). CSS is an open-source file format that is widely used. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode should be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00141" ; rdfs:label "NF00141" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/css" ; wikidata:p1195 "css" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/224" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000482.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/web/css/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/CSS1" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19942840" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Cascading Style Sheets 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" ; . naraid:NF00142 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "ColdFusion Markup Language (CFML) is a scripting language for web development. Created in 1995, ColdFusion is a commercial rapid web-application development computing platform, and CFML augments standard Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) files with database commands, conditional operators, high-level formatting functions, and other elements to produce web applications. CFML is proprietary and implementations will vary by application, but the required structure for CFML files is documented. Since CFML files are plain text and can be opened in a text editor, NARA recommends retaining files as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00142" ; rdfs:label "NF00142" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/x-coldfusion" ; wikidata:p1195 "cfm" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1566" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ColdFusion_Markup_Language" ; wikidata:p973 "https://teratech.com/adobe-coldfusion-comprehensive-guide-more-powerful-more-modernized-more-alive/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2524362" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "ColdFusion Markup Language" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/ColdFusion" ; . naraid:NF00143 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Comma Separated Values (CSV) is a plain text, flat file that can store numeric and textual values. Fields, or columns, are delimited by the comma character and records, or rows, are separated by line break characters. CSV is frequently used for exchange of tabular data, and is both human and machine readable. Excel CSV files may use a semicolon as a separator. While CSV commonly uses the US-ASCII character set, other character sets are allowed. CSV is an non-proprietary format with wide adoption and support, and NARA recommends retaining CSV files as-is. CSV is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00143" ; rdfs:label "NF00143" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/csv" ; wikidata:p1195 "csv" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/18" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000323.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/spreadsheet/csv/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comma-separated_values" ; wikidata:p973 "https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4180" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q935809" ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "Comma Separated Values" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor; Microsoft Excel; LibreOffice """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/CSV" ; . naraid:NF00144 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Common Data Format is a conceptual data abstraction for storing, manipulating, and accessing multidimensional data sets developed by NASA. The CDF software library and toolkit, documentation, and user support services are provided by NASA. CDF files are binary. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00144" ; rdfs:label "NF00144" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "cdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/software/cdf/doc/cdf350/cdf35ifd.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Data_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://pds-ppi.igpp.ucla.edu/doc/cdf/Guide-to-Archiving-CDF-Files-in-PDS4-v7.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1116060" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Common Data Format Toolkit" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "For CDF to ASCII transformations, use the cdfexport tool included in the CDF distribution package." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Common_Data_Format" ; . naraid:NF00145 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM) is an international graphics data interchange format which defines a representation of 2D vector graphics, raster graphics, and text independent from any particular application. CGM is a metafile, not a graphics format. Originally released in 1987 as ISO 8632-1987 (aka CGM:1987), ISO 8632:1992 codifies Version 1. The CGM format is non-proprietary, has a published open international specification, is actively maintained, and renderers are available. NARA recommends retaining CGM as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00145" ; rdfs:label "NF00145" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/cgm" ; wikidata:p1195 "cgm" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/303" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000521.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_Graphics_Metafile" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/cgm/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/32378.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26719966" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Computer Graphics Metafile 1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/CGM" ; . naraid:NF00146 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Configuration files (commonly known as config files) are plain text files used to configure the parameters and initial settings for some computer programs. They are used for user applications, server processes and operating system settings. A number of general-purpose serialization formats exist that can represent complex data structures in an easily stored format, and these are often used as a basis for configuration files, such as XML, TOML, YAML and JSON. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00146" ; rdfs:label "NF00146" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/x-ini" ; wikidata:p1195 "cf" ; wikidata:p1195 "cfg" ; wikidata:p1195 "cnf" ; wikidata:p1195 "conf" ; wikidata:p1195 "config" ; wikidata:p1195 "ini" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/421" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INI_file" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141412" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Configuration File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """These are such ubiquitous extensions that there is no way to narrow down the format without additional characterization. Case-by-case review is required. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/INI" ; . naraid:NF00147 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "CorelDRAW is a vector graphics editor that was initially released for Windows in 1989 by the Corel Corporation, now known as Alludo. With version 3, the program was expanded into a full graphics suite with vector illustration, page layout, and photo editing among the included capabilities. CorelDRAW 8 was released on Windows 95 and Windows NT 4.0 and included color palettes and a Palette Editor as well as line and node manipulation tools. CorelDRAW 8 (CDR) files are no longer supported in current versions of the software. The CDR file format is proprietary with no publicly available specification and should be transformed into SVG." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00147" ; rdfs:label "NF00147" ; wikidata:p1195 "cdr" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/292" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CorelDRAW" ; wikidata:p973 "https://github.com/photopea/CDR-specification" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71274998" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "CorelDRAW 8" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; LibreOffice Draw """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/CorelDRAW" ; . naraid:NF00148 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "CorelDRAW is a vector graphics editor that was initially released for Windows in 1989 by the Corel Corporation, now known as Alludo. With version 3, the program was expanded into a full graphics suite with vector illustration, page layout, and photo editing among the included capabilities. The Corel Presentation Exchange (CMX) format is a metafile format with bitmap, vector, and color information that can be opened and edited in other Corel programs. The CMX file format is proprietary with no publicly available specification and should be transformed into CGM, WMF, or PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00148" ; rdfs:label "NF00148" ; wikidata:p1195 "cpx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/36" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CorelDRAW" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59820886" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Corel Presentation Exchange" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly PDF, TIFF, or ODG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Further research is required, possibly LibreOffice Draw" ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/CorelDRAW" ; . naraid:NF00149 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "CorelDRAW is a vector graphics editor that was initially released for Windows in 1989 by the Corel Corporation, now known as Alludo. With version 3, the program was expanded into a full graphics suite with vector illustration, page layout, and photo editing among the included capabilities. The Wavelet Compressed Bitmap file format supports Wavelet compression of images from 16 px to 2048 px. It is not supported by 64 bit versions of Corel programs. An earlier version of the format may have existed with the extension .WVL. The WI and WVL formats are no longer supported and should be transformed into BMP." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00149" ; rdfs:label "NF00149" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/wavelet" ; wikidata:p1195 "wi" ; wikidata:p1195 "wvl" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/202" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CorelDRAW" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51917410" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Corel Wavelet Compressed Bitmap" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Ifranview; CorelDraw """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Corel_Wavelet" ; . naraid:NF00150 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "RPT files are created with SAP Crystal Reports software. The format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation. Unicode was introduced in version 9, and the current software is not compatible with files created in earlier versions." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00150" ; rdfs:label "NF00150" ; wikidata:p1195 "rpt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1648" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_Reports" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105860129" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Crystal Reports File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """SAP Crystal Reports Viewer (for version 9+); Further research is required for earlier versions. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/RPT" ; . naraid:NF00151 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "DAT is not a single, specific file type, but is a generic extension for \"data\" files for a variety of applications. This can be just about anything: unstructured or structured plain text, raster or vector graphic, or other binary data. There is no generalizable specification or structure for a .DAT file. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration. Attempt to associate with a software package." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00151" ; rdfs:label "NF00151" ; wikidata:p1195 "dat" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227290" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Data File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """This is such a ubiquitous extension that there is no way to narrow down the format without additional characterization. Case-by-case review is required. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Category:File_formats_with_extension_.dat" ; . naraid:NF00152 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The DB file extension is used by over a dozen database applications. Because there are so many potential applications that create this format, it is difficult to identify the specific application and ensure that a migration will retain the data with high fidelity." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00152" ; rdfs:label "NF00152" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "db" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/8" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "db file: Paradox; Oracle; dBASE IV; dbvista; dBFast; XTreeGold; XoftSpySE" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV if possible, otherwise retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "This format can be created and used by various applications, therefore the software required to open and convert it is often unknown at the time of transfer. Further research is required on a case-by-case basis." ; . naraid:NF00153 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The dBase system includes the core database engine, a query system, a forms engine, and a programming language that ties all of these components together. dBase's underlying file format, the .dbf file, is widely used in other applications needing a simple format to store structured data, including FoxBase, FoxPro, and Visual FoxPro. Further investigation is required on a case-by-case basis to determine whether the information in these files should be integrated into the related database file and how best to do that." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00153" ; rdfs:label "NF00153" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/dbase" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/dbf" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-dbase" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-dbf" ; wikidata:p1195 "db2" ; wikidata:p1195 "dbf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/8" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000325.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://formats.kaitai.io/dbf/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DBase" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44933965" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "dBase Table II" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV. If the DBF is part of a Shapefile, transform using Global Mapper. If the DBF is a standalone file, transform using LibreOffice." ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Global Mapper; LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DBF" ; . naraid:NF00154 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "MDX is the index file for a DBF database. dBASE defines a unique index as one where only one record from a set with identical key values is added to the index." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00154" ; rdfs:label "NF00154" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "mdx" ; wikidata:p1195 "ndx" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DBase" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105862167" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "dBase Index File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV if possible, otherwise retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. Further research is required on a case-by-case basis. dBASE should open these files. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DBF" ; . naraid:NF00155 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "DBT database files contains only text \"memo\" (notes) about database tables, not any other database data, because standard database tables have limitations on character quantity. Typically these files are not meant to be converted. However as text files, their content may be simply copied out. The issue is whether the file can then be properly associated with related data in the database. More likely the DBT file and related files will have to be processed so that the DBT file content is added back into the related database file." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00155" ; rdfs:label "NF00155" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "dbt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/311" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DBase" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48809727" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "dBASE or FoxBASE+Text Memo" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV for integration into their related tables if possible, otherwise retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. It appears these files can be opened in text editors, although it is possible they can only be opened in a database application or a hex editor. It may be possible to open these files in OpenOffice." ; . naraid:NF00156 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Outdated and unsupported format. WPS Plus was the Digital Equipment Corp's word processing program within the company's All-In-1 office automation suite for use with the company's machines. DEC ended WPS Plus in 1994 and offered users WordPerfect for VMS as and upgrade/migration option. DEC documents may have been embedded at the time of creation with formatting attributes and layout specifications within DEC WPS Plus, other word processing programs and text editing applications may be unable to open these DEC documents or display its content in human-readable form." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00156" ; rdfs:label "NF00156" ; wikidata:p1195 "dx" ; wikidata:p1195 "wpl" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/287" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Equipment_Corporation" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51994258" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Digital Equipment Corp (DEC) WPS Plus" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF or ODT if possible" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Further research is required, possibly LibreOffice Writer" ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:wpl" ; . naraid:NF00157 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation. It may not be possible to transform this format into anything other than static image or PDF files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00157" ; rdfs:label "NF00157" ; wikidata:p1195 "dc" ; wikidata:p1195 "dc2" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/312" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48810278" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "DesignCAD Drawing" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Further research is required, possibly FME" ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:dc" ; . naraid:NF00158 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "LEX files are binary files used to extend a default spelling dictionary, and are referenced when a user performs a spell check on a document that he or she is creating. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00158" ; rdfs:label "NF00158" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "lex" ; wikidata:p973 "https://file.org/extension/lex" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Dictionary Lexicon File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Microsoft Office can potentially open LEX files """ ; . naraid:NF00159 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "There is minimal documentation for custom dictionary files. Since this is a customized settings file it should not be reformatted. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00159" ; rdfs:label "NF00159" ; wikidata:p1195 "dct" ; wikidata:p1195 "dic" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/132" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51802172" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Custom Dictionary File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:dic" ; . naraid:NF00160 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Digital Picture Exchange (DPX) is a raster image file format mainly used in motion pictures, with each DPX image file representing a single frame. The DPX container may contain non-DPX audio files in addition to the image files. DPX has two versions, 1 and 2. In version 2, which is under a new ISO standard, previously reserved file space was assigned for specific purposes. DPX was developed by the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE), with the version 1 specification being released in 1994 and version 2 was released in 2003. It is an open standard format that is widely used in the field, and there are open source tools available for transcoding if required in the future. DPX is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance and it is recommended to retain DPX files as-is since the files can easily be opened, are lossless, and are prevalent in the field." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00160" ; rdfs:label "NF00160" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-dpx" ; wikidata:p1195 "dpx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/541" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000178.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.simplesystems.org/users/bfriesen/dpx/S268M_Revised.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Picture_Exchange" ; wikidata:p973 "https://github.com/digipres/digipres.github.io/blob/master/_sources/registries/fdd/fddXML/fdd000178.xml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q527723" ; nara:category naraid:Cinema ; nara:formatName "Digital Picture Exchange (DPX) 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; Specialized hardware/software required """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DPX" ; . naraid:NF00161 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Digital Negative Format (DNG) is Adobe's format intended for storing camera raw data, and also supports partly processed images (Linear DNG). DNG is a lossless format that is an extension of TIFF 6.0 and compatible with TIFF/EP. DNG files contain the main image data, metadata, and may also contain JPEG previews. Version 1.0 was released in 2004. The standard is openly available and currently maintained, with tools available for rendering DNG files. NARA transforms many other camera raw formats into DNG for preservation, and recommends retaining DNG as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00161" ; rdfs:label "NF00161" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/dng" ; wikidata:p1195 "dng" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/436" ; wikidata:p973 "http://web.archive.org/web/20041204034106/http://www.adobe.com/products/dng/pdfs/dng_spec.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/dng/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Negative" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27866058" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Digital Negative Format 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop with Camera RAW; Adobe DNG Converter; ExifTool; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DNG" ; . naraid:NF00162 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A document type definition (DTD) is a set of markup declarations that define a document type for an SGML-family markup language (GML, SGML, XML, HTML). A DTD defines the valid building blocks of an XML document. It defines the document structure with a list of validated elements and attributes. DTD files are plain text. Web archives should never be migrated, as that would change the fundamental linkages and functionality of web objects. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00162" ; rdfs:label "NF00162" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/xml-dtd" ; wikidata:p1195 "dtd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/315" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000076.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Document_type_definition" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#dt-doctype" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212327" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "eXtensible Markup Language Document Type Definition" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DTD" ; . naraid:NF00163 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Drawing Interchange File Format (DXF) is a CAD data format for exchange and interoperability of AutoCAD Drawing Files (DWG) between different computing platforms and Autodesk systems. DXF ASCII was developed by AutoCAD in 1982 as part of AutoCAD 1.0, and a binary variant of DXF was later introduced with AutoCAD 10. The ASCII 2010-2012 file format is associated with releases 2010, 2011, and 2012 of AutoCAD. DXF is proprietary but openly documented, although documentation may be incomplete. The format is widely supported for import and export in many CAD systems. As these are ASCII plain text files, they can be read with any text editor, and should be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00163" ; rdfs:label "NF00163" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/vnd.dxf" ; wikidata:p1195 "dxf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/435" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000446.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AutoCAD_DXF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.autodesk.com/developer-network/platform-technologies/autocad-dxf-archive" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.scan2cad.com/dxf/file-specification/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122947132" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Drawing Interchange File Format ASCII 2010-2012" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """IrfanView; FME; Global Mapper; Adobe Illustrator """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DXF" ; . naraid:NF00164 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Drawing Interchange File Format (DXF) is a CAD data format for exchange and interoperability of AutoCAD Drawing Files (DWG) between different computing platforms and Autodesk systems. DXF ASCII was developed by AutoCAD in 1982 as part of AutoCAD 1.0, and a binary variant of DXF was later introduced with AutoCAD 10. The ASCII 2004-2006 file format is associated with releases 2004, 2005, and 2006 of AutoCAD. DXF is proprietary but openly documented, although documentation may be incomplete. The format is widely supported for import and export in many CAD systems. As these are ASCII plain text files, they can be read with any text editor, and should be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00164" ; rdfs:label "NF00164" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/vnd.dxf" ; wikidata:p1195 "dxf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/79" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000446.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AutoCAD_DXF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.autodesk.com/developer-network/platform-technologies/autocad-dxf-archive" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.scan2cad.com/dxf/file-specification/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122946779" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Drawing Interchange File Format ASCII 2004-2006" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """IrfanView; FME; Global Mapper; Adobe Illustrator """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DXF" ; . naraid:NF00165 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Drawing Interchange File Format (DXF) is a CAD data format for exchange and interoperability of AutoCAD Drawing Files (DWG) between different computing platforms and Autodesk systems. DXF ASCII was developed by AutoCAD in 1982 as part of AutoCAD 1.0, and a binary variant of DXF was later introduced with AutoCAD 10. DXF is proprietary but openly documented, although documentation may be incomplete. Not all DXF ASCII files may include version identifiers in the format signature, therefore some may only be identified as \"generic\" DXF. The format is widely supported for import and export in many CAD systems. As these are ASCII plain text files, they can be read with any text editor, and should be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00165" ; rdfs:label "NF00165" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/vnd.dxf" ; wikidata:p1195 "dxf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/63" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000446.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AutoCAD_DXF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.autodesk.com/developer-network/platform-technologies/autocad-dxf-archive" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.scan2cad.com/dxf/file-specification/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59851255" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Drawing Interchange File Format ASCII Generic" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """IrfanView; FME; Global Mapper; Adobe Illustrator """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DXF" ; . naraid:NF00166 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "BUP is a file extension for a backup file format used by a number of software packages to create an automatic backup of a data file in case of program errors, or if the file becomes corrupt, lost or unusable. DVD info file (IFO) backup is the most common use for BUP files. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00166" ; rdfs:label "NF00166" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "bup" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/419" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13454995" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "DVD Data Backup File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:bup" ; . naraid:NF00167 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Files that contain the .dvd file extension are commonly associated with DVD burning software. When a user copies and burns a DVD, the file with the .dvd extension is used to burn the selected data to the user's disc. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00167" ; rdfs:label "NF00167" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "dvd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/419" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "DVD Data File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; . naraid:NF00168 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "DVD Info files tell the computer, DVD player, or other device know which screen to show at start-up, where each chapter of the movie starts, where the audio tracks are located and where subtitles can be found. IFO files are associated with the files that store the actual audio (VOb) and video data (VRO). Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00168" ; rdfs:label "NF00168" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "ifo" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/419" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13454995" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "DVD Info File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:ifo" ; . naraid:NF00169 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Dynamic-link library (DLL) is the Microsoft implementation of a shared library. These compiled libraries usually have the file extension DLL, OCX (for libraries containing ActiveX controls), or DRV (for legacy system drivers). The file formats for DLLs are the same as for Windows EXE files: Portable Executable (PE) for 32-bit and 64-bit Windows, and New Executable (NE) for 16-bit Windows. As with EXEs, DLLs can contain code, data, and resources, in any combination. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00169" ; rdfs:label "NF00169" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.microsoft.portable-executable" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-dosexec" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-msdownload" ; wikidata:p1195 "dll" ; wikidata:p1195 "drv" ; wikidata:p1195 "ocx" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic-link_library" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/debug/pe-format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/815065/what-is-a-dll" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380319" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Dynamic Link Library" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Dynamic-link_library_(Windows)" ; . naraid:NF00170 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "EML is an extension for an email message saved to a file in the Internet Message Format protocol for electronic mail messages. It is the standard format used by Microsoft Outlook Express as well as some other email programs. Since EML files are created to comply with IMF specification RFC 5322, EML files can be used with most email clients, servers, and applications. EML files typically store each message as a single file (unlike MBOX which concatenates all the messages from a folder into one file), and attachments may either be included as MIME content in the message or written off as a separate file, referenced from a marker in the EML file. Files can be opened in any text editor. NARA recommends retention of files as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00170" ; rdfs:label "NF00170" ; wikidata:p1163 "message/rfc822" ; wikidata:p1195 "eml" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/278" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000388.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/email/eml/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email#Filename_extensions" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/eml/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2822.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11198294" ; nara:category naraid:Email ; nara:formatName "Electronic Mail Format" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """PST Viewer Pro; Microsoft Outlook """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Eml" ; . naraid:NF00171 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Encapsulated PostScript File Format 1.2 (EPS) is a PostScript page description file with an optional bitmap screen preview. Unlike a regular PostScript (PS) file, EPS 1.2 files were intended to be imported into another PostScript page description, usually as illustrations or graphics. EPS 1.2 is a proprietary format that was released by Adobe in 1987, although there is a published open specification. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transformation to PDF or TIFF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00171" ; rdfs:label "NF00171" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/postscript" ; wikidata:p1195 "eps" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/122" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000029.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encapsulated_PostScript" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20200722201520/https://hwiegman.home.xs4all.nl/fileformats/eps/adobe_EPSF1_2.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/eps/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59714459" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Encapsulated PostScript File Format 1.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF or TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat; Adobe Illustrator; Adobe Photoshop; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/EPS" ; . naraid:NF00172 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The EndNote Import File (ENW) is a file format used to export bibliographic information from its originating system and then import the information into EndNote. EndNote Import Files are proprietary but are plain ASCII text. While this format is used, there are several other import file formats for EndNote, some of which are more common than ENW. Since these are plain text files, they can be opened with any supported text editor and can be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00172" ; rdfs:label "NF00172" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-endnote-refer" ; wikidata:p1195 "enr" ; wikidata:p1195 "enw" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/328" ; wikidata:p973 "https://community.endnote.com/?category.id=endnote" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EndNote#Import_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61901765" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "EndNote Import File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ASCII delimited text" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:enw" ; . naraid:NF00173 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "ESRI ArcInfo Interchange (also known as ArcInfo Export or E00) supports the transfer of geospatial data between ESRI systems or external systems. It was used in the ArcInfo GIS, which was discontinued around 2010-12, and can be imported into ArcGIS software as well. The primary file extension is .e00, which incrementally increases to .e01, .e02, etc., if the interchange file is composed of multiple files. The ArcInfo Interchange format is proprietary, but since it uses a basic ASCII representation it can be opened in any text editor; however for the data to be used in a GIS it must be in an ArcInfo or ArcGIS environment, or converted into an ESRI shapefile. The format is nearing obsolescence as it is not compatible with ArcGIS Pro, and should be transformed for preservation. ESRI ArcInfo Interchange is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00173" ; rdfs:label "NF00173" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-­ogc-e00grid" ; wikidata:p1195 "e00" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/226" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000291.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://avce00.maptools.org/docs/v7_e00_cover.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/gis/e00/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ArcInfo" ; wikidata:p973 "https://support.esri.com/en/technical-article/000004705" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28600734" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "ESRI ArcInfo Interchange" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to KML, ESRI Shapefile, and/or GML as appropriate" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/E00" ; . naraid:NF00174 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "ESRI Shapefile is a compound file format used to store nontopological geospatial information, such as shapes and attributes. A Shapefile must contain a main file, an index file, and dBASE table, and can optionally include other component files. The Shapefile format is proprietary but fully and openly documented and maintained by ESRI, and it has widespread adoption. There are a number of software packages and open libraries that can read and write Shapefiles. Due to these sustainability factors, Shapefiles can be retained as-is. ESRI Shapefile is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00174" ; rdfs:label "NF00174" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.dbf" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.shp" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.shx" ; wikidata:p1195 "dbf" ; wikidata:p1195 "prj" ; wikidata:p1195 "sbn" ; wikidata:p1195 "sbx" ; wikidata:p1195 "shp" ; wikidata:p1195 "shx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/235" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000280.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/gis/shp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shapefile" ; wikidata:p973 "https://gisgeography.com/gis-formats/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.esri.com/library/whitepapers/pdfs/shapefile.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278934" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "ESRI Shapefile Compound File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Shapefile" ; . naraid:NF00175 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description " ESRI World File is a plain text sidecar file used by GIS applications to georeference raster images. The files are only six lines, with one numeric parameter per line. The numeric parameters are used to create an image-to-world conversion from pixels to coordinates on a map. There is no official format specification but the format is well-documented, widely adopted, and plain text; therefore the files can be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00175" ; rdfs:label "NF00175" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "blw" ; wikidata:p1195 "bpw" ; wikidata:p1195 "bqw" ; wikidata:p1195 "gfw" ; wikidata:p1195 "pgw" ; wikidata:p1195 "tfw" ; wikidata:p1195 "wld" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/367" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000287.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://webhelp.esri.com/arcims/9.3/General/topics/author_world_files.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_file" ; wikidata:p973 "https://gisgeography.com/gis-formats/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134089" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "ESRI World File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/World_File" ; . naraid:NF00176 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Exchangeable Image File Format (EXIF) is a format for digital still cameras. EXIF was developed by the Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association (JEITA) in 1995. Version 2.2 was released in 2002 and includes a specification for an audio file format, based on the RIFF WAVE Form Audio format. The audio may be compressed or compressed. The EXIF audio file format enables the recording of audio as a supplementary function. EXIF and WAVE are openly documented, widely adopted formats with open source tools available. EXIF audio files should be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00176" ; rdfs:label "NF00176" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-wav" ; wikidata:p1195 "wav" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/396" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000146.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/exif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exif" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/exif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20220428165430/https://www.exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43976633" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Exchangeable Image File Format Audio 2.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ExifTool """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Exif" ; . naraid:NF00177 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Exchangeable Image File Format (EXIF) is a format for digital still cameras. EXIF was developed by the Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association (JEITA) in 1995. The EXIF specification uses JPEG encoding for compressed image files and TIFF 6.0 for uncompressed image files, with additional metadata tags defined for camera settings, image metrics, date, time, and location information, thumbnail previews, descriptions, and copyright information. EXIF version 2.0 was released in 1997 and added sRGB colorspace, GPS, and compressed thumbnails. EXIF and JPEG are openly documented, widely adopted formats with open source tools available. EXIF 2.0 compressed files should be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00177" ; rdfs:label "NF00177" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/jpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/398" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000147.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/exif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exif" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/exif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000147.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26385228" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Exchangeable Image File Format Compressed 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """ExifTool; Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Exif" ; . naraid:NF00178 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Exchangeable Image File Format (EXIF) is a format for digital still cameras. EXIF was developed by the Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association (JEITA) in 1995. The EXIF specification uses JPEG encoding for compressed image files and TIFF 6.0 for uncompressed image files, with additional metadata tags defined for camera settings, image metrics, date, time, and location information, thumbnail previews, descriptions, and copyright information. EXIF version 2.1 was released in 1998 and added Design rule for Camera File system (DCF) interoperability tags. EXIF and JPEG are openly documented, widely adopted formats with open source tools available. EXIF 2.1 compressed files should be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00178" ; rdfs:label "NF00178" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/jpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/390" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000147.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/exif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exif" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/exif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20220121014113/http://www.exif.org/Exif2-1.PDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000147.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26385205" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Exchangeable Image File Format Compressed 2.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """ExifTool; Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Exif" ; . naraid:NF00179 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Exchangeable Image File Format (EXIF) is a format for digital still cameras. EXIF was developed by the Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association (JEITA) in 1995. The EXIF specification uses JPEG encoding for compressed image files and TIFF 6.0 for uncompressed image files, with additional metadata tags defined for camera settings, image metrics, date, time, and location information, thumbnail previews, descriptions, and copyright information. EXIF version 2.2 was released in 2002 and added ExifPrint, to allow high-quality printing using an ExifPrint compatible digital camera and printer that support the feature. EXIF and JPEG are openly documented, widely adopted formats with open source tools available. EXIF 2.2 compressed files should be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00179" ; rdfs:label "NF00179" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/jpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/391" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000146.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/exif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exif" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/exif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20220119170528/https://www.exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.media.mit.edu/pia/Research/deepview/exif.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26385181" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Exchangeable Image File Format Compressed 2.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """ExifTool; Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Exif" ; . naraid:NF00180 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Exchangeable Image File Format (EXIF) is a format for digital still cameras. EXIF was developed by the Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association (JEITA) in 1995. The EXIF specification uses JPEG encoding for compressed image files and TIFF 6.0 for uncompressed image files, with additional metadata tags defined for camera settings, image metrics, date, time, and location information, thumbnail previews, descriptions, and copyright information. EXIF version 2.1 was released in 1998 and added Design rule for Camera File system (DCF) interoperability tags. EXIF and TIFF are openly documented, widely adopted formats with open source tools available. EXIF 2.1 uncompressed files should be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00180" ; rdfs:label "NF00180" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/tiff" ; wikidata:p1195 "tif" ; wikidata:p1195 "tiff" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/388" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000145.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/exif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exif" ; wikidata:p973 "https://exiftool.org/TagNames/EXIF.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/exif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20220121014113/http://www.exif.org/Exif2-1.PDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26385205" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Exchangeable Image File Format Uncompressed 2.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """ExifTool; Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Exif" ; . naraid:NF00181 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Exchangeable Image File Format (EXIF) is a format for digital still cameras. EXIF was developed by the Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association (JEITA) in 1995. The EXIF specification uses JPEG encoding for compressed image files and TIFF 6.0 for uncompressed image files, with additional metadata tags defined for camera settings, image metrics, date, time, and location information, thumbnail previews, descriptions, and copyright information. EXIF version 2.2 was released in 2002 and added ExifPrint, to allow high-quality printing using an ExifPrint compatible digital camera and printer that support the feature. EXIF and TIFF are openly documented, widely adopted formats with open source tools available. EXIF 2.2 uncompressed files should be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00181" ; rdfs:label "NF00181" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/tiff" ; wikidata:p1195 "tif" ; wikidata:p1195 "tiff" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/387" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000146.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/exif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exif" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/exif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20220119170528/https://www.exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26385181" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Exchangeable Image File Format Uncompressed 2.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """ExifTool; Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Exif" ; . naraid:NF00182 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "EXE is a file extension for an compiled binary or plain text executable file that contains a program that is capable of being executed by the computer. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00182" ; rdfs:label "NF00182" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-dosexec" ; wikidata:p1195 "exe" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/409" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20220521105653/http://www.csn.ul.ie/~caolan/pub/winresdump/winresdump/doc/winexe.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623334" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Executable file" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/EXE" ; . naraid:NF00183 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC) is an eight-bit character encoding. The format was created by IBM in the early 1960s as an extension of Binary-Coded Decimal Interchange Code (BCDIC). It is not strictly speaking a structured data format, but is used as the character encoding for structured data exported from IBM mainframe systems used by the U.S. government. Although EBCDIC is proprietary, there is a published open specification, and the format is considered acceptable for imminent transfer per NARA Transfer Guidance. No format transformation is needed." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00183" ; rdfs:label "NF00183" ; wikidata:p1195 "ebcdic" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/159" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EBCDIC" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20210126081014/http://ascii-table.com/ebcdic-table.php" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627945" ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor; vEdit; FME """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/EBCDIC" ; . naraid:NF00184 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Extensible 3D (X3D) XML 3.0 is part of the X3D format family, which provides an open standard for encoding representations of interactive 3D graphics and multimedia. It was the successor format to Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML). X3D XML files may optionally be gzip-compressed and use the .x3dz extension. The file format was published by the Web3D Consortium and standardized by ISO as ISO/IEC 19776-1:2005. This version was amended by X3D 3.1, ISO/IEC 19776-1:2005/Amd1:2007. NARA recommends retaining X3D as-is, as the file format family is well-documented under an International Standard. X3D is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00184" ; rdfs:label "NF00184" ; wikidata:p1163 "model/x3d+xml" ; wikidata:p1195 "x3d" ; wikidata:p1195 "x3dz" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/579" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000490.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X3D" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/33914.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19776-1/V3.0/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q87190486" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Extensible 3D (X3D) XML 3.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/X3D" ; . naraid:NF00185 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "eXtensible HyperText Markup Language (XHTML) is an XML-compliant form of HTML, a markup language used for displaying documents on the web. XHTML 1.0 was a reworking of HTML 4 to create an XML 1.0 application. W3C began development on XHTML 1.0 because XML was more extensible than HTML and was more interoperable with user agents that transformed web content for specific browsers and platforms. The format received a W3C recommendation in January 2002, which was revised in August 2002 in response to community comments. Although very similar to HTML 4, XHTML had stricter rules around the nesting of elements, end tags, case sensitivity, and other syntactic requirements for valid XML documents. XHTML files are plain text. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00185" ; rdfs:label "NF00185" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/xhtml+xml" ; wikidata:p1195 "xhtm" ; wikidata:p1195 "xhtml" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/102" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000483.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XHTML" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/html/#xhtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29017286" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "eXtensible Hypertext Markup Language 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/HTML" ; . naraid:NF00186 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "eXtensible HyperText Markup Language (XHTML) is an XML-compliant form of HTML, a markup language used for displaying documents on the web. XHTML 1.1 was based upon the XHTML 1.0 Strict document type definition (DTD) and used XHTML modules. These modules broke XHTML into separate components that could be used to build XML subset and extension document types. The format received a W3C recommendation in May 2001 and was updated as a second edition in November 2010. XHTML files are plain text. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00186" ; rdfs:label "NF00186" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/xhtml+xml" ; wikidata:p1195 "xhtm" ; wikidata:p1195 "xhtml" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/103" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000484.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XHTML" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/html/#xhtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29017288" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "eXtensible Hypertext Markup Language 1.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/HTML" ; . naraid:NF00187 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a markup language that defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable. It is a plain text file that can be use to mark up data and content and provide information necessary for processing by external code for display and discovery. XML files are plain text. Web archives should never be migrated, as that would change the fundamental linkages and functionality of web objects. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00187" ; rdfs:label "NF00187" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/xml" ; wikidata:p1195 "xml" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/101" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000263.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xml/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/web/xml/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/0/0e/XML_Assessment_v1.3.pdf" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "eXtensible Markup Language 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XML" ; . naraid:NF00188 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "XSD (XML Schema Definition) can be used to express a set of rules to which an XML document must conform in order to be considered \"valid\" according to that schema, and express both a document's validity and information about specific encoded data types. XSD files are plain text. Web archives should never be migrated, as that would change the fundamental linkages and functionality of web objects. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00188" ; rdfs:label "NF00188" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/xml" ; wikidata:p1195 "xsd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/280" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000077.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-0/" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML_Schema_(W3C)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16342" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "eXtensible Markup Language Schema" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XML_Schema_Definition" ; . naraid:NF00189 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "XMP is marked-up plain text Unicode/XML files which can separately or in combination be used to represent, parse, format, and display structured data. It is usually displayed as text using XML, which is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00189" ; rdfs:label "NF00189" ; wikidata:p1195 "xmp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/986" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extensible_Metadata_Platform" ; wikidata:p973 "https://github.com/adobe/XMP-Toolkit-SDK/blob/main/docs/XMPSpecificationPart1.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50375253" ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "eXtensible Metadata Platform" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XMP" ; . naraid:NF00190 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "XSL (also called XSLT) is used to control and look and feel/rendering of HTML or xHTML. It is a plain text format, easily machine and human readable, and a stable and well-documented open format. In addition, XSL and web archives in general should never be migrated, as that would change the fundamental linkages and functionality of web objects. Web archives in general should never be migrated, as that would change the fundamental linkages and functionality of web objects. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00190" ; rdfs:label "NF00190" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/xsl" ; wikidata:p1195 "xsl" ; wikidata:p1195 "xslt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/281" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XSL" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt-10" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32061" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "eXtensible Style Language 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XSL" ; . naraid:NF00191 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "FAX files are generally a variant of the TIFF format. Experimentation is needed to determine the best tool for opening and converting these files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00191" ; rdfs:label "NF00191" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/g3fax" ; wikidata:p1195 "others" ; wikidata:p1195 "tiff" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-cmp/14" ; wikidata:p973 "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Fax" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fax#Compression" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-T.4-198811-S" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28234649" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "CCITT T.4 Group 3 compression (Fax image file)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF or JPEG2000" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools; possible tools include Adobe Photoshop; Adobe Elements; GraphicsMagick; GNU Image Manipulation Program; ImageMagick """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/CCITT_Group_3" ; . naraid:NF00192 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "FileMaker Pro 7 (.fp7) is a relational database format. Originally released as Nutshell by Nashoba Systems in 1980, the program's name was changed to FileMaker in 1985. Claris, an Apple subsidiary, purchased Nashoba in 1988 and renamed the software to FileMaker II, then FileMaker Pro in 1990. FileMaker Pro 7 was released in 2004 with an increase in file size and expansion of features like multiple tables per file. FileMaker Pro 7 is a proprietary file format and should be transformed into a CSV file for sustainability." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00192" ; rdfs:label "NF00192" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-filemaker" ; wikidata:p1195 "fp7" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/194" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/database/fp7/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FileMaker" ; wikidata:p973 "https://support.claris.com/s/article/Converting-older-FileMaker-Pro-files-to-the-fmp12-file-format-1503693002275" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61752032" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "FileMaker Pro 7" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Excel """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/FileMaker_Pro" ; . naraid:NF00193 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Flash Video is a digital video container used to deliver content over the internet using Flash Player. There are two different Flash Video files, FLV and F4V. FLV was developed by Macromedia in 2003 using Sorenson Spark encoding, and F4V was developed by Adobe in 2007, replacing Sorenson Spark with the ISO Base Media File Format which is defined by MPEG-4, part 12 (MP4). Both Flash Video formats have the same internal signatures. Adobe acquired Macromedia in 2005 and incorporated Flash Video in version 6, but discontinued Flash in 2020, so it is no longer supported in modern web browsers. Flash Video is proprietary and does not have an open specification. Due to lack of support, Flash Video files should be transformed into AVI or MP4." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00193" ; rdfs:label "NF00193" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.adobe.flash-movie" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/x-flv" ; wikidata:p1195 "f4v" ; wikidata:p1195 "flv" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/382" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000131.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://download.macromedia.com/f4v/video_file_format_spec_v10_1.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_Video" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135858" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "Macromedia Flash Video" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to AVI or MP4, with a codec selected to best represent the characteristics of the source codec" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/FLV" ; . naraid:NF00194 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "FoxPro is a relational database management system (RDBMS) that supports multiple relationships between multiple DBF files. The FoxPro version of DBF was based on the dBASE II version. FoxPro 2.0 was released in 1992 and only ran on DOS. FoxPro 2.0 versions of DBF files can be distinguished through the version bytes in their file headers. FoxPro is proprietary, does not have a published open specification, and is not actively maintained and updated by an organization. NARA recommends transformation to CSV or ASCII text." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00194" ; rdfs:label "NF00194" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/dbf" ; wikidata:p1195 "dbf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/6" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000325.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FoxPro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.dbf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.dbf2002.com/dbf-file-format.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60628005" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "FoxPro 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Microsoft Excel """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DBF" ; . naraid:NF00196 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Fractal Image File (FIF) is an image format that uses fractal compression to create 24-bit RGB images. It is a proprietary format developed by Iterated Systems, Incorporated. Iterated Systems stopped supporting the \"Fractal Imager\" and \"Fractal Viewer\" in the late 1990s and directed their customers to use Altamira Group's \"Genuine Fractals\" Photoshop plug-in to work with FIF files. Because the Fractal Image File format is proprietary, has no published specification, and is not commonly used, NARA recommends transformation into a more sustainable format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00196" ; rdfs:label "NF00196" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/fractals" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/fif" ; wikidata:p1195 "fif" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/320" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractal_compression" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/19980626190724/http://www.iterated.com/products/fractalviewer.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1440353" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Fractal Image File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop with Genuine Fractals plug-in """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Fractal_Image_Format" ; . naraid:NF00197 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Framework is no longer sold or supported. Data is best preserved if converted to CSV or ASCII text, and can be accompanied by available documentation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00197" ; rdfs:label "NF00197" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "fw" ; wikidata:p1195 "fw2" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/321" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Framework_(office_suite)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48815175" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Framework Database II" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools; this will require testing on a case-by-case basis. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:fw2" ; . naraid:NF00198 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Free Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC) is a lossless audio format. It is fully documented and open source, and the specification is made available through the Xiph.Org Foundation. FLAC compression is lossless, with effective storage, typically compressing audio files to 50-60% of their original size. It is widely used and supported, therefore, can be retained as-is. FLAC is considered a preferred format per the NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00198" ; rdfs:label "NF00198" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/flac" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-flac" ; wikidata:p1195 "flac" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/279" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000198.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/audio/flac/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FLAC" ; wikidata:p973 "https://filext.com/file-extension/FLAC" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/f/fe/FLAC_Assessment_v1.0.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27881556" ; wikidata:p973 "https://xiph.org/flac/format.html" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Free Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/FLAC" ; "https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9639" ; . naraid:NF00199 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A static library is a set of routines, external functions and variables which are resolved at compile-time and copied into a target application by a compiler, linker, or binder, producing an object file and a stand-alone executable. Static library filenames usually have \".a\" extension on Unix-like systems and \".lib\" extension on Microsoft Windows. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00199" ; rdfs:label "NF00199" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "a" ; wikidata:p1195 "lib" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/425" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Static_library" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1884715" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Static Library" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:lib" ; . naraid:NF00200 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Geography Markup Language (GML) is an XML-based language to express geographical features. It is both a modeling language for geographic systems and an open interchange format. GML is an open standard developed by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC), first released in 2000, and has also been standardized by ISO since 2007. It is widely supported and should be retained as-is. GML is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00200" ; rdfs:label "NF00200" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/gml+xml" ; wikidata:p1195 "gml" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/227" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000296.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.ogc.org/standards/gml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/gis/gml/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_Markup_Language" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926165" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "Geography Markup Language" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:gml" ; . naraid:NF00201 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Geospatial Tagged Image File Format (GeoTIFF) is a metadata standard and extension of TIFF that embeds geocoding metadata information within a TIFF file. GeoTIFF is based on TIFF 6.0, which is a wrapper that can store one or multiple raster graphics images. GeoTIFF's extended metadata can include information for aerial photography, satellite imagery, map projects, and coordinate systems. GeoTIFF was developed at Intergraph in the 1990s and then was refined at the NASA Jet Propulsion Lab in 1994. It is open and fully documented, with support available in current tools, therefore it is recommended to retain GeoTIFF files as-is. GeoTIFF is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00201" ; rdfs:label "NF00201" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/geotiff" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/tiff" ; wikidata:p1195 "gtiff" ; wikidata:p1195 "tif" ; wikidata:p1195 "tiff" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/155" ; wikidata:p3266 "http://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000279.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://web.archive.org/web/20160407200913/http://www.remotesensing.org/geotiff/spec/geotiff2.4.html#2.4" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/tiff/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeoTIFF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/tiff/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/6/64/TIFF_Assessment_v1.3.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1502796" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Geospatial Tagged Image File Format (GeoTIFF)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/GeoTIFF" ; . naraid:NF00202 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) is a raster image web graphics format that stores bitmap images in a single file. The 87a version is the original version and was created by CompuServe in 1987. GIF used patent-protected LZW lossless compression; the patent was owned by Unisys but expired in 2003. GIF has an open specification and is well-documented and in wide use with a variety of software to render. GIF 87a is considered an acceptable format for born-digital posters per NARA Transfer Guidance. It is recommended to retain GIF files as-is since the files can easily be opened and are prevalent in the field." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00202" ; rdfs:label "NF00202" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/gif" ; wikidata:p1195 "gif" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/3" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/gif/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/gif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GIF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/gif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/Graphics/GIF/spec-gif87.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27526733" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) 87a" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/GIF#Version_87a" ; . naraid:NF00203 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) is a raster image web graphics format that stores bitmap images in a single file. The 87a version is the original version and 89a was the second release that added support for animation delays, storage of application metadata, and a few other upgrades. The two versions can be distinguished by the first six bytes of the file. GIF 87a was created by CompuServe in 1987 and 89a was released in 1989. GIF used patent-protected LZW lossless compression; the patent was owned by Unisys but expired in 2003. GIF has an open specification and is well-documented and in wide use with a variety of software to render. GIF 89a is considered an acceptable format for born-digital posters per NARA Transfer Guidance. It is recommended to retain GIF files as-is since the files can easily be opened and are prevalent in the field." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00203" ; rdfs:label "NF00203" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/gif" ; wikidata:p1195 "gif" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/4" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000133.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/gif/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/gif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GIF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/gif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/Graphics/GIF/spec-gif89a.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27526739" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) 89a" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/GIF#Version_89a" ; . naraid:NF00204 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "GZIP is a compressed binary archive container file format and command line utility used primarily on Unix-style operating systems, but available cross-platform. It uses DEFLATE compression. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00204" ; rdfs:label "NF00204" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/gzip" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-gzip" ; wikidata:p1195 "gz" ; wikidata:p1195 "tgz" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/266" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000599.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1952" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/compression/gz/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/gzip" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10287816" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "GZIP" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain but extract files from the container" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """WinZip """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Gzip" ; . naraid:NF00205 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Harvard Graphics Show 2.0 (SHW) files are slideshow presentations created in Harvard Graphics 2.0 for MS-DOS. Harvard Graphics was one of the first desktop programs that allowed users to incorporate text, graphs, charts, and images into slideshows. The first version, named Harvard Presentation Graphics, was released for MS-DOS in 1986 by Software Publishing Corporation. The renamed Harvard Graphics 2.0 for MS-DOS was released in 1987 and added the ability to generate Encapsulated Postscript (EPS) files and the ability to import Lotus 1-2-3 spreadsheet data. The .shw format was replaced in 1991 by the .sh3 format in version 3.0 for MS-DOS. Harvard Graphics was fully discontinued in 2017. Harvard Graphics Show is proprietary, does not have a published open specification, and is not actively maintained and updated by an organization. Therefore, NARA recommends transforming these files into a more sustainable format, possibly PowerPoint." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00205" ; rdfs:label "NF00205" ; wikidata:p1195 "shw" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/324" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/harvard/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Graphics" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48902661" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Harvard Graphics Show 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly PowerPoint" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Research indicates that the original Harvard Graphics software is required to convert Harvard Graphics files. There are no converters although Microsoft PowerPoint 97 may be able to import CHT, SHW, CH3, and SH3, but still requires the Harvard Graphics software. Harvard Graphics may be able to export files to another format. Corel Presentation can open PRS, SHW, and SH3 files. It may not be possible to convert SH3 files as they may be system files." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Harvard_Graphics" ; . naraid:NF00206 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Harvard Graphics Chart (CHT) is a vector graphics file containing individual chart data created in Harvard Graphics for MS-DOS. Harvard Graphics was one of the first desktop programs that allowed users to incorporate text, graphs, charts, and images into slideshows. The first version, named Harvard Presentation Graphics, was released for MS-DOS in 1986 by Software Publishing Corporation. The CHT format was replaced in 1991 by the CH3 format in version 3.0 for MS-DOS. Harvard Graphics was fully discontinued in 2017. Harvard Graphics Chart is proprietary, does not have a published open specification, and is not actively maintained and updated by an organization. Therefore, NARA recommends transforming these files into a more sustainable format, possibly PowerPoint." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00206" ; rdfs:label "NF00206" ; wikidata:p1195 "cht" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/325" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/harvard/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Graphics" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48906245" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Harvard Graphics Chart (CHT)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly PowerPoint" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Research indicates that the original Harvard Graphics software is required to convert Harvard Graphics files. There are no converters although Microsoft PowerPoint 97 may be able to import CHT, SHW, CH3, and SH3, but still requires the Harvard Graphics software. Harvard Graphics may be able to export files to another format. Corel Presentation can open PRS, SHW, and SH3 files. It may not be possible to convert SH3 files as they may be system files." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Harvard_Graphics" ; . naraid:NF00207 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PLT files in the holdings are possibly HP Graphics Language (HP-GL) encoded vector files. Further investigation is needed." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00207" ; rdfs:label "NF00207" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.hp-HPGL" ; wikidata:p1195 "plt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/83" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP-GL" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.isoplotec.co.jp/HPGL/eHPGL.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51331501" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Hewlett Packard Vector Graphic Plotter File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly TIFF, JPEG2000, PNG, or PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Further research is required. Possible tools include PloView; ImageMagick with HPGL converter; AutoCAD """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/HP-GL" ; . naraid:NF00208 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is a markup language for displaying web pages and applications in a browser. The earliest version of HTML was developed by Tim Berners-Lee of CERN, and was based upon Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML). HTML has been widely adopted since the early/mid-1990s as the standard for web content, and .html files are plain text. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00208" ; rdfs:label "NF00208" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/html" ; wikidata:p1195 "htm" ; wikidata:p1195 "html" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000475.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/web/html/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/html/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62626012" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Hypertext Markup Language unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/HTML" ; . naraid:NF00209 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "iCalendar (iCal, ICS) is a standardized format for exchanging calendar data, including scheduled events, to-do lists, and free/busy information. iCalendar is based on the earlier vCalendar format. It is an open standard from the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), first defined in 1998, and is widely used and supported by many products. iCalendar files are primarily human-readable text, but should be transformed to CSV for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00209" ; rdfs:label "NF00209" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/calendar" ; wikidata:p1195 "ical" ; wikidata:p1195 "icalendar" ; wikidata:p1195 "ics" ; wikidata:p1195 "ifb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/388" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000394.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5545" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICalendar" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284651" ; nara:category naraid:Calendars ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "iCalendar" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Microsoft Outlook """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/ICalendar" ; . naraid:NF00210 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Icon file format (ICO) is a graphics file format for computer icons (as well as an image file format for favicons). It was developed by Microsoft for computer icons as part of its Windows operating system and also later supported for browsers to varying degrees in its favicon usage, starting with the release of Internet Explorer 5. ICO files serve as an icon resource that can be a container for multiple images (i.e., BMP or PNG) and the file format also was extended to the CUR file format for Windows' non-animated cursors—both ICO and CUR files have a directory structure. ICO is proprietary and is still in use by Microsoft as a native file format. Due to the prevalence of the Microsoft Windows operating system and its ability to render most ICO files, along with the particular structure of ICO files and how they might relate to other files in context of their usage, it is recommended to retain them as is, with the caveat that ICO files created 1987-2001 (with emphasis on 1987-1995) may possibly originate from the OS/2 operating system and/or contain files from the OS/2 Bitmap family. If this is the case, it is ideal to determine if they can still be rendered in a current Microsoft Windows operating system and if not, converting ICO to PNG can be considered as a possible approach but more research is also needed." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00210" ; rdfs:label "NF00210" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/ico" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/vnd.microsoft.icon" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-icon" ; wikidata:p1195 "ico" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/418" ; wikidata:p973 "https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/?p=12513" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/ico/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICO_(file_format)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/ms997538(v=msdn.10)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729366" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Icon file format" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain, or as necessary convert to PNG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Windows OS """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/ICO" ; . naraid:NF00211 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "An INFO file is a generic text information file that may be included with various software programs or file downloads. It contains unformatted plain text that describes the contents of the software or download. INFO files are often used to document version information, authorship, and copyright information. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00211" ; rdfs:label "NF00211" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "info" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/420" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INF_file" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16996920" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Information or Setup File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools "DAT is not a single, specific file type, but is a generic extension for \"data\" files for a variety of applications. Review is needed on a case-by-case basis." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:inf" ; . naraid:NF00212 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "IGES (Initial Graphics Exchange Specification) is a text-based CAD format developed in part by the U.S. military. This format was abandoned in 1998." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00212" ; rdfs:label "NF00212" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/iges" ; wikidata:p1163 "model/iges" ; wikidata:p1195 "iges" ; wikidata:p1195 "igs" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/158" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IGES" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/iges" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20120821190122/http://www.uspro.org/documents/IGES5-3_forDownload.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q616714" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Initial Graphics Exchange Specification 5.x" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to Plain Text and retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """vEdit """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/IGES" ; . naraid:NF00213 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Interleaf Document format was used in Interleaf publishing software by the Interleaf company. The format is is rare, complex, and proprietary. It is unclear the extent to which older iterations of these files are supported." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00213" ; rdfs:label "NF00213" ; wikidata:p1195 "doc" ; wikidata:p1195 "ildoc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/329" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleaf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20230704112335/http://www.computernostalgia.net/articles/Interleaf.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48915661" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Interleaf Document" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. Possible tool is TagWrite """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:doc#Interleaf_Document" ; . naraid:NF00215 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Java Archive File (JAR) is a container used to aggregate Java class files with a Java-specific manifest file into a single executable package file based on the ZIP file format. Released as part of the Java Development Kit (JDK) in 1997, the primary functionality is to ensure that Java applets and their requisite components (class files, images and sounds) could be called and executed efficiently. JAR is proprietary and implementations will vary by application, but the required structure for JAR files is documented. JAR files are binary compiled files and cannot be broken apart without losing functionality, therefore NARA recommends retaining as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00215" ; rdfs:label "NF00215" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/java-archive" ; wikidata:p1195 "jar" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/412" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/technotes/guides/jar/jar.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JAR_(file_format)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q921122" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Java Archive File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """WinZip """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Jar" ; . naraid:NF00216 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Java is a general-purpose programming language that is class-based, object-oriented, and designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. It is intended to let application developers write once, run anywhere, meaning that Java code is typically compiled to bytecode that can run on any Java virtual machine (JVM) regardless of the underlying computer architecture and run on all platforms that support Java without the need for recompilation. .JAVA files are uncompiled plain text files. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00216" ; rdfs:label "NF00216" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-java" ; wikidata:p1195 "java" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/422" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se14/html/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_%28programming_language%29" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49243071" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Java Source Code" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """OpenJDK; Java Development Kit (JDK); Java Runtime Environment (JRE) """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Java" ; . naraid:NF00217 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "JavaScript (JS) is a programming language used for client-side behavior in webpages. Released by Netscape in 1995, JS provided website developers with a programming language to create dynamic websites. JavaScript served as the basis for the ECMAScript standard (1997-1999) but diverged until the ECMAScript 5 standard brought the two languages together again in 2009. JS is proprietary but has a full published open specification and is actively maintained and updated by an organization. JS files are plain text and uncompiled and can be read in a text editor, therefore NARA recommends retaining as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00217" ; rdfs:label "NF00217" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/javascript" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/javascript" ; wikidata:p1195 "js" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/423" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000443.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/JavaScript" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScript" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5924007" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "JavaScript" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/JS" ; . naraid:NF00218 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "JSON is a plain text format, easily machine and human readable, and a stable and well documented open format. It is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00218" ; rdfs:label "NF00218" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/json" ; wikidata:p1195 "json" ; wikidata:p1195 "txt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/817" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000381.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON" ; wikidata:p973 "https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.json.org/json-en.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2063" ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "JavaScript Object Notation (JSON)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor or web browser """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/JSON" ; . naraid:NF00219 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "JPEG 2000 (JP2) is a file format used for still images (though Part 3 of the standard defines a file format for motion sequences of JP2 images). JPEG 2000 was created to supersede JPEG, with the biggest difference being JPEG 2000 offers both lossless and lossy compression, while JPEG only offers lossy compression. JPEG 2000 has 17 parts; Part 1 defines the core format and is descended from Quicktime. It was developed in 2000 by the Joint Photographic Experts Group committee and is an open-source, royalty-free format that is continuously maintained. JPEG 2000 is widely used in the community and can be encoded and decoded by many software tools. JPEG 2000 is considered a preferred or acceptable format, depending on the record category, per NARA Transfer Guidance. NARA recommends retention of files as-is since the files can easily be opened and the format is prevalent in the field." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00219" ; rdfs:label "NF00219" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/jp2" ; wikidata:p1195 "jp2" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/392" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000143.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/jp2/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG_2000" ; wikidata:p973 "https://jpeg.org/jpeg2000/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/7/70/JP2_Assessment_v1.3.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/87632.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27979401" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "JPEG 2000, part 1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/JPEG2000" ; . naraid:NF00220 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "JPEG File Interchange Format (JFIF) 1.00 is an image file format that contains image data encoded with the JPEG algorithm and can have lossy compression. This file format is often referred to as JPEG, but JPEG is the encoding and JFIF is the file format. JFIF 1.00 was developed by C-Cube Microsystems and Independent JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) group in 1991 and was only released to a small group of industry representatives before 1.01 was released to the public in 1992. The differences between 1.00 and 1.01 are minor and irrelevant to decoders. NARA recommends retention of JFIF 1.00 files as-is since the files can be easily opened and the format is prevalent in the field." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00220" ; rdfs:label "NF00220" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/jpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpe" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/42" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000619.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/jpeg/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG_File_Interchange_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/jpeg/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://jpeg.org/jpeg/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26329648" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "JPEG File Interchange Format (JFIF) 1.00" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/JFIF" ; . naraid:NF00221 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "JPEG Tiled Image Pyramid (JTIP) is a multi-resolution format, created for presentation of images in various sizes and resolutions, based on the Still Picture Interchange File Format (SPIFF). JTIP is a subset of JPEG DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform), developed by the Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) in 1997. While JTIP's specification is open, the format is not widely used and is no longer supported by JPEG. Therefore, NARA recommends converting JTIP files to JPEG." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00221" ; rdfs:label "NF00221" ; wikidata:p1195 "jtip" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/149" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000150.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/jpeg/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/25037.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49242425" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "JPEG Tiled Image Pyramid (JTIP)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to JPEG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:jpg#JTIP_.28JPEG_Tiled_Image_Pyramid.29" ; . naraid:NF00222 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Keyhole Markup Language (KML) is an XML file format to display geographic data within 2D and 3D internet Earth browsers. KML was developed for Keyhole Earth Viewer, which later became Google Earth when Keyhole Inc was acquired by Google in 2004. In 2008, KML became an international standard by the Open Geospatial Consortium. KML files use a tag-based structure with nested elements and relies on a coordinate reference system to display information. KML files are normally distributed within Keyhole Markup Language containers (KMZ). KML has an open specification and tools are available for rendering. Therefore, it is recommended to retain files as-is. KML is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00222" ; rdfs:label "NF00222" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml" ; wikidata:p1195 "kml" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/244" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000340.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://developers.google.com/kml/documentation/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/gis/kml/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyhole_Markup_Language" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79587" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "Keyhole Markup Language" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Google Earth; FME; Global Mapper; Adobe Photoshop """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/KML" ; . naraid:NF00223 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Keynote Presentation is part of Apple's proprietary iWork suite. A Keynote presentation file may contain basic text documents or elaborated multi-page brochures, including images, special texts, tables, graphs, charts and more. The native iWork file has a .key extension, or if it has been Zipped, it will have a .key.zip extension. The Keynote software can import and save as PowerPoint. In most cases, .key files should be converted to .pptx as these are typically presentations. However, the Keynote software also offers the possibility of exporting the presentation to .mov movies, and to PowerPoint's .pps format, potentially at the cost of quality." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00223" ; rdfs:label "NF00223" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.apple.keynote" ; wikidata:p1195 "key" ; wikidata:p1195 "key.zip" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/646" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keynote_(presentation_software)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34273353" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Keynote presentation file" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PPTX, or as appropriate to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. Keynote is required to open the files and convert them to another format. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Keynote" ; . naraid:NF00224 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Kodak PhotoCD (PCD) is an image file format developed by Kodak for scanning film and delivering the images on CD-ROMs. Released in 1992, PCD combines multiple resolutions into a single compressed IMAGE PAC file using the Kodak PhotoYCC encoding. PCD is proprietary, does not have a published open specification, and is not actively maintained. Therefore, NARA recommends transformation to JPEG." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00224" ; rdfs:label "NF00224" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-photo-cd" ; wikidata:p1195 "pcd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/211" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/photocd/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photo_CD" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28206936" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Kodak PhotoCD" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to JPEG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Photo_CD" ; . naraid:NF00225 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "LaTeX is a widely-used free and publicly-licensed document preparation system for typesetting. It is most often used for medium-to-large technical or scientific documents but it can be used for almost any form of publishing (computer science, electrical engineering, economics, statistics, etc.). Developed in 1984, the terms of the LaTeX Project Public License ensure backwards compatibility so that documents can be rendered in the same way in perpetuity. LaTeX files are plain text files that can be opened with text editors, but require specialized software to render appearance and formatting characteristics; an export of the rendered document to PDF is recommended to capture the look and feel of the final product." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00225" ; rdfs:label "NF00225" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-latex" ; wikidata:p1195 "tex" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/280" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaTeX" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.latex-project.org/help/documentation/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5310" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "LaTeX Master Document" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. LaTeX2RTF can convert TEX files to RTF, which can then be converted to DOCX and then PDF. Any supported plain text reader can open the record content, but no appearance or formatting characteristics are presented." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/TeX" ; . naraid:NF00226 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A LOCK file is a file used by various operating systems and programs to lock a resource, such as a file or a device. It typically contains no data and only exists as an empty marker file, but may also contain properties and settings for the lock. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00226" ; rdfs:label "NF00226" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "lck" ; wikidata:p1195 "lock" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_locking#Lock_files" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28770333" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Lock File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Lock_file" ; . naraid:NF00227 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A LOG file is a plain text file used by various operating systems and programs. LOG files may be created by the operating system to keep track of system events or by a software installation program to list location and names of installed files.events that occur in an operating system or performed by other software, or messages between different users of a communication software. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00227" ; rdfs:label "NF00227" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "log" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/62" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log_file" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q949532" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Log File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:log" ; . naraid:NF00228 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Lotus 1-2-3 Worksheet 1.0/1A (WKS) is a spreadsheet file format developed by Lotus Software for Lotus 1-2-3, which was a spreadsheet, database, and graphical charting program. Lotus 1-2-3 was introduced in 1983 with Release 1 and 1A. Later versions of the format had a slightly different file extension with a version number, such as .wk2. WKS is a proprietary, closed file format, and IBM ended support for Lotus 1-2-3 in 2013. NARA recommends converting this file format to CSV or XLSX due to its proprietary nature, lack of published format specification, and discontinuation of the Lotus 1-2-3 software." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00228" ; rdfs:label "NF00228" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.lotus-1-2-3" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-123" ; wikidata:p1195 "123" ; wikidata:p1195 "wks" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/117" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_1-2-3" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.file-extensions.org/lotus-1-2-3-file-extensions" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45347100" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Lotus 1-2-3 Worksheet 1.0/1A" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV or XLSX" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Lotus_1-2-3" ; . naraid:NF00229 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Lotus 1-2-3 Worksheet 2.0 (WK1, WK2) is a spreadsheet file format developed by Lotus Software for Lotus 1-2-3, which was a spreadsheet, database, and graphical charting program. Lotus 1-2-3 was introduced in 1983 and was widely used on PCs in the 1980s and early 1990s. File extensions .wk1 and .wk2 are associated with the second version of Lotus 1-2-3 worksheet. WK1 and WK2 are proprietary, closed file formats, and IBM ended support for Lotus 1-2-3 in 2013. NARA recommends converting this file format to CSV or XLSX due to its proprietary nature, lack of published format specification, and discontinuation of the Lotus 1-2-3 software." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00229" ; rdfs:label "NF00229" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.lotus-1-2-3" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-123" ; wikidata:p1195 "wk1" ; wikidata:p1195 "wk2" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/114" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_1-2-3" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45347222" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Lotus 1-2-3 Worksheet 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV or XLSX" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Lotus_1-2-3" ; . naraid:NF00230 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Lotus 1-2-3 Worksheet 3.0 (WK3) is a spreadsheet file format developed by Lotus Software for Lotus 1-2-3, which was a spreadsheet, database, and graphical charting program. Lotus 1-2-3 was introduced in 1983 and was widely used on PCs in the 1980s and early 1990s. The .wk3 file extension is associated with the third version of Lotus 1-2-3 worksheet. WK3 is proprietary, closed file format, and IBM ended support for Lotus 1-2-3 in 2013. NARA recommends converting this file format to CSV or XLSX due to its proprietary nature, lack of published format specification, and discontinuation of the Lotus 1-2-3 software." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00230" ; rdfs:label "NF00230" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.lotus-1-2-3" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-123" ; wikidata:p1195 "wk3" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/115" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_1-2-3" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45347388" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Lotus 1-2-3 Worksheet 3.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV or XLSX" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Lotus_1-2-3" ; . naraid:NF00231 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Lotus 1-2-3 Worksheet 4.0/5.0 (WK4) is a spreadsheet file format developed by Lotus Software for Lotus 1-2-3, which was a spreadsheet, database, and graphical charting program. Lotus 1-2-3 was introduced in 1983 and was widely used on PCs in the 1980s and early 1990s. The .wk4 file extension is associated with the fourth and fifth versions of Lotus 1-2-3 worksheet. WK4 is proprietary, closed file format, and IBM ended support for Lotus 1-2-3 in 2013. NARA recommends converting this file format to CSV or XLSX due to its proprietary nature, lack of published format specification, and discontinuation of the Lotus 1-2-3 software." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00231" ; rdfs:label "NF00231" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.lotus-1-2-3" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-123" ; wikidata:p1195 "wk4" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/116" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_1-2-3" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45347570" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Lotus 1-2-3 Worksheet 4.0/5.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV or XLSX" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Lotus_1-2-3" ; . naraid:NF00233 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Lotus 1-2-3 Chart (PIC) is a vector image format associated with Lotus 1-2-3, which was a spreadsheet, database, and graphical charting program. Lotus 1-2-3 was introduced in 1983 and was widely used on PCs in the 1980s and early 1990s. The PIC file format was a closed, proprietary format, and Lotus 1-2-3 was discontinued by IBM in 2013. Due to the lack of ongoing support, proprietary nature, and unidentified transformation tools, the files should be retained for future assessment." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00233" ; rdfs:label "NF00233" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.lotus-1-2-3" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-123" ; wikidata:p1195 "pic" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/82" ; wikidata:p973 "http://sunsite.icm.edu.pl/ftp/pub/coast/msdos/lotus123/picfile.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_1-2-3" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28770336" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Lotus 1-2-3 Chart" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Assess ; nara:preservationPlan "Further research is required" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Lotus_1-2-3_Chart" ; . naraid:NF00234 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Lotus Approach 97 Database View Files (APR) were created by Lotus Approach, a relational database management system that was part of IBM's Lotus SmartSuite for Microsoft Windows. Lotus Approach was initially developed by the Approach Software Corporation, which was sold to Lotus in 1994. Lotus was then purchased by IBM in 1995. Approach 97 was released in 1996 for the Windows 95 and Windows NT 4.0 operating systems. APR files contained the forms and reports for working with the data, while the data itself was stored in a separate data file. The format is proprietary, has no open specification, and IBM ceased support for Lotus Approach in 2014. For these reasons, transformation to a more sustainable format such as CSV is recommended if suitable software can be identified." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00234" ; rdfs:label "NF00234" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.lotus-approach" ; wikidata:p1195 "apr" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/333" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Lotus_Approach" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46118194" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Lotus Approach 97 Database View File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools; this will require testing on a case-by-case basis. IBM Notes may be an option. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:apr" ; . naraid:NF00235 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Lotus Freelance 1-2.1 (PRE) files were created by Lotus Freelance Graphics, a graphics and presentation software program that was initially developed by Graphic Communications Inc. and released by Lotus Software, after acquiring Graphic Communications in 1986. Lotus Freelance was initially available on the DOS and OS/2 operating systems, and later on Microsoft Windows as part of the Lotus SmartSuite. Lotus was purchased by IBM in 1995, and IBM discontinued support for SmartSuite in 2014. Because PRE files are unsupported by a developer, proprietary, and lack an open, published format specification, they should be transformed into a more sustainable format such as PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00235" ; rdfs:label "NF00235" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.lotus-freelance" ; wikidata:p1195 "pre" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/89" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Lotus_Freelance_Graphics" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51370033" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Lotus Freelance 1-2.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Microsoft PowerPoint """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:pre" ; . naraid:NF00236 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Lotus Freelance Smartmaster Graphics (MAS) files were created with Lotus Freelance Graphics, a graphics and presentation software program. MAS files are templates that could be used to create presentations. Lotus Freelance Graphics was initially developed by Graphic Communications Inc. and released by Lotus Software, after acquiring Graphic Communications in 1986. Lotus Freelance was initially available on the DOS and OS/2 operating systems, and later on Microsoft Windows as part of the Lotus SmartSuite. Lotus was purchased by IBM in 1995, and IBM discontinued support for SmartSuite in 2014. Because MAS files are unsupported by a developer, proprietary, and lack an open, published format specification, they should be transformed into a more sustainable format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00236" ; rdfs:label "NF00236" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.lotus-freelance" ; wikidata:p1195 "mas" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/335" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Lotus_Freelance_Graphics" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46118844" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Lotus Freelance Smartmaster Graphics" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Further research is required """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:mas#Lotus_Freelance_Smartmaster_Graphics" ; . naraid:NF00237 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Lotus Notes (later IBM Notes and HCL Notes) is a desktop workflow application for email that can also be used to access databases such as document libraries and custom applications including workflows. The Lotus Development Corp. developed the program in 1989 and it was acquired by IBM in 1995. Lotus Notes 2.0 was released in 1991 and increased the number of users each server could support, up to 10,000. Several types of NSF files are created and used by the program, with the extensions .nsf and .ns2. The mailbox database, consisting of email messages, chat and instant messages, calendar entries and To-Do items as well as other archived data, is stored in a single \"username.nsf\" file for each individual user. Contact Notes in the address book database are stored in the \"names.nsf\" file; contacts also can be saved into a readable format-vCard (VCF) or Comma Separated Value (CSV) file. Notebooks, also known as Personal Journals, are composed of personal documents and information that can define the priority documents of the custodian; these are found in the \"notebook.nsf\" file. Lotus Notes files are proprietary, require server access and a license, and cannot be opened by other tools. NARA recommends conversion to another file format, including converting the mailbox from CSV to PST or exporting emails as ASCII text. More research is required for conversion of other file types." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00237" ; rdfs:label "NF00237" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.lotus-notes" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-lotus-notes" ; wikidata:p1195 "ns2" ; wikidata:p1195 "nsf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/336" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000433.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HCL_Domino" ; wikidata:p973 "https://github.com/libyal/libnsfdb/blob/master/documentation/Notes%20Storage%20Facility%20(NSF)%20database%20file%20format.asciidoc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.jagwaresoftware.com/blog/how-to-open-nsf-file-without-lotus-notes.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46119878" ; nara:category naraid:Calendars ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:category naraid:Email ; nara:formatName "Lotus Notes Database 2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools; this will require testing on a case-by-case basis. IBM Notes may be required to convert files from their native format. There are tools in the marketplace to convert NSF to PST or EML: SysTools Lotus Notes NSF Converter; Stellar Converter for NSF, SysInfo NSF Viewer, and NSF Converter Tools NSF Viewer and NSF to PST and NSF to EML Converter Tool. There are documented procedures to use MS Outlook to convert CSV files made from NSF to PST, but it is unknown which versions are requires and which versions are supported." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Notes_Storage_Facility" ; . naraid:NF00238 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Lotus Notes (later IBM Notes and HCL Notes) is a desktop workflow application for email that can also be used to access databases such as document libraries and custom applications including workflows. The Lotus Development Corp. developed the program in 1989 and it was acquired by IBM in 1995. Lotus Notes 3.0 was released in 1993 and added cross-platform compatibility and rewrote the database system to accommodate up to 200 simultaneous users. Several types of NSF files are created and used by the program, with the extensions .nsf and .ns3. The mailbox database, consisting of email messages, chat and instant messages, calendar entries and To-Do items as well as other archived data, is stored in a single \"username.nsf\" file for each individual user. Contact Notes in the address book database are stored in the \"names.nsf\" file; contacts also can be saved into a readable format-vCard (VCF) or Comma Separated Value (CSV) file. Notebooks, also known as Personal Journals, are composed of personal documents and information that can define the priority documents of the custodian; these are found in the \"notebook.nsf\" file. Lotus Notes files are proprietary, require server access and a license, and cannot be opened by other tools. NARA recommends conversion to another file format, including converting the mailbox from CSV to PST or exporting emails as ASCII text. More research is required for conversion of other file types." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00238" ; rdfs:label "NF00238" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.lotus-notes" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-lotus-notes" ; wikidata:p1195 "ns3" ; wikidata:p1195 "nsf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/337" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000433.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HCL_Domino" ; wikidata:p973 "https://github.com/libyal/libnsfdb/blob/master/documentation/Notes%20Storage%20Facility%20(NSF)%20database%20file%20format.asciidoc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.jagwaresoftware.com/blog/how-to-open-nsf-file-without-lotus-notes.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46120116" ; nara:category naraid:Calendars ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:category naraid:Email ; nara:formatName "Lotus Notes Database 3" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools; this will require testing on a case-by-case basis. IBM Notes may be required to convert files from their native format. There are tools in the marketplace to convert NSF to PST or EML: SysTools Lotus Notes NSF Converter; Stellar Converter for NSF, SysInfo NSF Viewer, and NSF Converter Tools NSF Viewer and NSF to PST and NSF to EML Converter Tool. There are documented procedures to use MS Outlook to convert CSV files made from NSF to PST, but it is unknown which versions are requires and which versions are supported." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Notes_Storage_Facility" ; . naraid:NF00239 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Lotus Notes (later IBM Notes and HCL Notes) is a desktop workflow application for email that can also be used to access databases such as document libraries and custom applications including workflows. The Lotus Development Corp. developed the program in 1989 and it was acquired by IBM in 1995. Lotus Notes 4.0 was released in 1996 and redesigned the user interface. Several types of NSF files are created and used by the program, with the extensions .nsf and .ns4. Version 4.5 also added web technology features and a server called Domino. The mailbox database, consisting of email messages, chat and instant messages, calendar entries and To-Do items as well as other archived data, is stored in a single \"username.nsf\" file for each individual user. Contact Notes in the address book database are stored in the \"names.nsf\" file; contacts also can be saved into a readable format-vCard (VCF) or Comma Separated Value (CSV) file. Notebooks, also known as Personal Journals, are composed of personal documents and information that can define the priority documents of the custodian; these are found in the \"notebook.nsf\" file. Lotus Notes files are proprietary, require server access and a license, and cannot be opened by other tools. NARA recommends conversion to another file format, including converting the mailbox from CSV to PST or exporting emails as ASCII text. More research is required for conversion of other file types." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00239" ; rdfs:label "NF00239" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.lotus-notes" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-lotus-notes" ; wikidata:p1195 "ns4" ; wikidata:p1195 "nsf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/338" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000433.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HCL_Domino" ; wikidata:p973 "https://github.com/libyal/libnsfdb/blob/master/documentation/Notes%20Storage%20Facility%20(NSF)%20database%20file%20format.asciidoc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.jagwaresoftware.com/blog/how-to-open-nsf-file-without-lotus-notes.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46120375" ; nara:category naraid:Calendars ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:category naraid:Email ; nara:formatName "Lotus Notes Database 4" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools; this will require testing on a case-by-case basis. IBM Notes may be required to convert files from their native format. There are tools in the marketplace to convert NSF to PST or EML: SysTools Lotus Notes NSF Converter; Stellar Converter for NSF, SysInfo NSF Viewer, and NSF Converter Tools NSF Viewer and NSF to PST and NSF to EML Converter Tool. There are documented procedures to use MS Outlook to convert CSV files made from NSF to PST, but it is unknown which versions are requires and which versions are supported." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Notes_Storage_Facility" ; . naraid:NF00241 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The MacPaint image file format is a graphics file format, native to the proprietary bitmap-based raster graphics editor, MacPaint. It was developed by Apple (and later Claris) and was introduced with the 1984 release of the original Macintosh personal computer. Claris released MacPaint version 2.0 in 1988 and the editor was discontinued in 1998. MacPaint image files in their native Macintosh usage utilized the PNTG extension and also possibly the PNT extension, whereas in Microsoft Operating systems (e.g., MS-DOS) such files would have the MAC file extension. It should be mentioned that while the PICT file format and the PIC, PCT, and PICT file extensions may also be associated with MacPaint, PICT is the native graphics format of QuickDraw on the Mac OS. Given the proprietary nature of the format and that it is not actively supported, NARA recommends transformation to PNG, JPEG, or TIFF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00241" ; rdfs:label "NF00241" ; wikidata:p1195 "mac" ; wikidata:p1195 "pic" ; wikidata:p1195 "pntg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/161" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacPaint" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20200803223921/http://www.idea2ic.com/File_Formats/macpaint.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/macpaint/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28206528" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "MacPaint Image" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PNG, JPEG, or TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. Possible tools include Konvertor; Netpbm: macptopbm (use the -extraskip 128 option if the file has a MacBinary header); XnView; Farbfeld Utilities; Deark; CloudPaint; MacPaint and QuickDraw Source Code (at Computer History Museum); ImageMagick; Tom's Editor (supports MacPaint files with 512 and 640 offset) """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MacPaint" ; . naraid:NF00242 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Macromedia Flash (SWF, Shockwave Flash, Adobe Flash) version 6 files are proprietary animation files with audio and video for use in interactive multimedia applications. SWF files are compiled from proprietary Flash Project (FLA) files. SWF files were originally developed by the company FutureWave Software in 1996. It was acquired by Macromedia the same year for integration with its Shockwave brand, and later for use with its Flash Player. Macromedia was acquired by Adobe in 2005 and re-branded as Adobe Flash, which was discontinued in 2020 and no longer supported in modern web browsers. Flash 6, aka Flash MX, was released in 2002 and added the option for uncompressed or zlib compressed files and to support video using the Sorenson Spark video codec. Due to its discontinuation and lack of an open specification, it is recommended to transform SWF files to MP4 when possible or to retain as-is if transformation is not available." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00242" ; rdfs:label "NF00242" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.adobe.flash-movie" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-shockwave-flash" ; wikidata:p1195 "swf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/109" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/page-description-language/swf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20201004221835/https://www.adobe.com/content/dam/acom/en/devnet/pdf/swf-file-format-spec-v10.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29011357" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Macromedia Flash 6" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to MP4 if possible, otherwise retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Adobe Captivate """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SWF" ; . naraid:NF00243 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Macromedia Flash (SWF, Shockwave Flash, Adobe Flash) version 7 files are proprietary animation files with audio and video for use in interactive multimedia applications. SWF files are compiled from proprietary Flash Project (FLA) files. SWF files were originally developed by the company FutureWave Software in 1996. It was acquired by Macromedia the same year for integration with its Shockwave brand, and later for use with its Flash Player. Macromedia was acquired by Adobe in 2005 and re-branded as Adobe Flash, which was discontinued in 2020 and no longer supported in modern web browsers. Flash 7, AKA Flash MX 2004, was released in 2003, the first version to introduce support for ActionScript 2.0 and web services integration. There is a published specification, but it is not complete. Due to its discontinuation and lack of open specification, it is recommended to transform SWF files to MP4 when possible or to retain as-is if transformation is not available." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00243" ; rdfs:label "NF00243" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.adobe.flash-movie" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-shockwave-flash" ; wikidata:p1195 "swf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/110" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000130.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/page-description-language/swf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20201004221835/https://www.adobe.com/content/dam/acom/en/devnet/pdf/swf-file-format-spec-v10.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29011358" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Macromedia Flash 7" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to MP4 if possible, otherwise retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Adobe Captivate """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SWF" ; . naraid:NF00244 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "While this is ASCII and readable with a text editor, this FrameMaker sidecar file should be converted to PDF to accompany its associated file." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00244" ; rdfs:label "NF00244" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.mif" ; wikidata:p1195 "mif" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/162" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_FrameMaker#MIF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://help.adobe.com/en_US/framemaker/mifreference/mifref.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://help.adobe.com/en_US/framemaker/using/using-framemaker/user-guide/frm_basics_ba-documents_save-as-file-formats.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1886335" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Maker Interchange Format" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe FrameMaker """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Maker_Interchange_Format" ; . naraid:NF00245 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Material Exchange Format (MXF) is a multimedia container for digital audio and video bitstreams with a metadata wrapper and is commonly used within Digital Cinema Package (DCP). MXF was developed by the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) for their standards in 2004. MXF has an open specification, is widely used, and actively maintained. Therefore, it is recommended to retain MXF as-is. MXF is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00245" ; rdfs:label "NF00245" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/mxf" ; wikidata:p1195 "mxf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/200" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000013.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/video/mxf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Material_Exchange_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/50221.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1893311" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "Material Exchange Format" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MXF" ; . naraid:NF00246 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Mathematica Notebook file format is a structured interactive document format native to the Wolfram Mathematica software system and is associated with Wolfram Language applications. It supports many areas of technical computing (e.g., machine learning, data manipulation, algorithms, statistics, visualizations, symbolic computation, interprogram communication, data capture from external sources, etc.) The system's developer, Wolfram Research, first released Mathematica 1.0 along with the proprietary \"Wolfram Language\" programming language in 1988. The Notebook format is ASCII and based on the Wolfram Language expression syntax. Mathematica Notebook files utilize the .nb extension. (The .nb file extension may also be associated with the unrelated software, Nota Bene.) The Computable Document Format (.cdf) is also associated with Mathematica and is separately described. Given its proprietary nature, NARA recommends transforming Mathematica Notebook files to PDF for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00246" ; rdfs:label "NF00246" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/mathematica" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.wolfram.mathematica" ; wikidata:p1195 "nb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/201" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram_Mathematica" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.file-extensions.org/nb-file-extension" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15860313" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wolfram.com/technologies/nb/" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Mathematica Notebook" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Mathematica NB can be viewed and processed with Mathematica Player, and transformed to PDF." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:nb#Mathematica_Notebook" ; . naraid:NF00247 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "MBOX (sometimes known as Berkeley format) is a generic term for a family of related file formats used for storing collections of electronic mail messages. The four formats - mboxo, mboxrd, mboxcl, and mboxcl2 - originate from different versions of Unix. Each mbox file represents a set of email messages that are ordered sequentially and grouped into a 'folder.' Email messages are stored in their source format, e.g. plain text may be stored as ASCII or Unicode, binary data is stored as Base64-encoded text. MBOX can be retained as an acceptable preservation format, but it is preferable to transform boxes into individual eml message files for access purposes." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00247" ; rdfs:label "NF00247" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/mbox" ; wikidata:p1195 "mbox" ; wikidata:p1195 "mbx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/720" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000383.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/email/mbox/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbox" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/mbox/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4155.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20200929124226/https://jdebp.eu/FGA/mail-mbox-formats.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285972" ; nara:category naraid:Email ; nara:formatName "MBOX Email Format" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to EML but also retain MBOX" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """PST Viewer Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Mbox" ; . naraid:NF00248 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Also known as Presentation Manager Metafile. This is a proprietary format that is no longer supported in the marketplace. It can contain raster or vector image data, so must be transformed on a case-by-case review. A version of this format is associated with OS/2." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00248" ; rdfs:label "NF00248" ; wikidata:p1195 "met" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/67" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/os2metafile/spec/1c0eeb5c855143eaae0ca3ddd75b6a02/view.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://people.sc.fsu.edu/~jburkardt/data/met/met.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29904450" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "MET Metafile" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF or JPEG2000" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools; possible tools include CorelDraw; OpenOffice """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MET" ; . naraid:NF00249 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation, so migration is recommended, but at the time of this plan, no format options are available that retain fidelity. The tools to be used to migrate this category of formats is still under review." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00249" ; rdfs:label "NF00249" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-mgx-designer" ; wikidata:p1195 "drw" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/296" ; wikidata:p973 "https://community.coreldraw.com/talk/technical_graphics_products/f/older-versions-of-designer/38381/reading-files-from-old-versions-of-micrografx-designer" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corel_Designer" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52059869" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Micrografx Designer 3.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Further research is required, possibly LibreOffice Draw" ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Micrografx_Draw" ; . naraid:NF00250 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation, so migration is recommended, but at the time of this plan, no format options are available that retain fidelity. The tools to be used to migrate this category of formats is still under review." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00250" ; rdfs:label "NF00250" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-mgx-designer" ; wikidata:p1195 "drw" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/47" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corel_Designer" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28771316" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Micrografx Draw 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Further research is required """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Micrografx_Draw" ; . naraid:NF00251 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation, so migration is recommended, but at the time of this plan, no format options are available that retain fidelity. The tools to be used to migrate this category of formats is still under review." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00251" ; rdfs:label "NF00251" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-mgx-designer" ; wikidata:p1195 "drw" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/294" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corel_Designer" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52005965" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Micrografx Draw 3.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Further research is required """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Micrografx_Draw" ; . naraid:NF00252 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation, so migration is recommended, but at the time of this plan, no format options are available that retain fidelity. The tools to be used to migrate this category of formats is still under review." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00252" ; rdfs:label "NF00252" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-mgx-designer" ; wikidata:p1195 "ds4" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/295" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corel_Designer" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52006189" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Micrografx Draw 4.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Further research is required """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Micrografx_Draw" ; . naraid:NF00253 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Access is a desktop database management system. Access was built on the JET (Joint Engine Technology) Database Engine and was first released in 1992. Microsoft Access 2000 was released in 1999 and was a significant redesign of the program that introduced many new features. Access 2000 files are not backwards compatible and the maximum database size was increased to 2 GB. Versions of Access before 2007 use the .mdb format, which changed significantly from version to version. Microsoft Access is a proprietary file format and while Microsoft does not provide specifications, programming access through Open Database Connectivity and Visual Basic for Applications allows for an understanding of the file format. While Access 2000 files may be opened in current versions of the program, they should be transformed to SIARD or CSV because they are proprietary." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00253" ; rdfs:label "NF00253" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-msaccess" ; wikidata:p1195 "mdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/240" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000462.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://jabakobob.net/mdb/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Access" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fmsinc.com/MicrosoftAccess/history/features.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48021588" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Access 2000" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to SIARD or CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """DBPTK Database Preservation Toolkit """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Access" ; . naraid:NF00254 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Access is a desktop database management system. Access was built on the JET (Joint Engine Technology) Database Engine and was first released in 1992. Microsoft Access 2007 was released in 2007 and featured a significant new version of JET called ACE that allowed the use of complex data types such as multi-value fields and improved security, encryption, and integration with other Office products. Versions of Access from 2007 use the .accdb format, which changed significantly from version to version. Microsoft Access is a proprietary file format and while Microsoft does not provide specifications, programming access through Open Database Connectivity and Visual Basic for Applications allows for an understanding of the file format. While Access 2007 files may be opened in current versions of the program, they should be transformed to SIARD or CSV because they are proprietary." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00254" ; rdfs:label "NF00254" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-msaccess" ; wikidata:p1195 "accdb" ; wikidata:p1195 "mdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/275" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000463.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://jabakobob.net/mdb/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Access" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fmsinc.com/MicrosoftAccess/history/features.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63391719" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Access 2007" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to SIARD or CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """DBPTK Database Preservation Toolkit """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Access" ; . naraid:NF00255 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Access is a desktop database management system. Access was built on the JET (Joint Engine Technology) Database Engine and was first released in 1992. Microsoft Access 97 was released in 1997 and introduced compiled MDE, a secured, releasable version of a database that could be deployed as a user interface. Versions of Access before 2007 use the .mdb format, which changed significantly from version to version. Microsoft Access is a proprietary file format and while Microsoft does not provide specifications, programming access through Open Database Connectivity and Visual Basic for Applications allows for an understanding of the file format. Because support for Access 97 files was dropped with Access 2013, these files should be transformed to SIARD or CSV." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00255" ; rdfs:label "NF00255" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-msaccess" ; wikidata:p1195 "mdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/239" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000462.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Access" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fmsinc.com/MicrosoftAccess/history/features.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20220711181502/http://jabakobob.net/mdb/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48005022" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Access 97" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to SIARD or CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """DBPTK Database Preservation Toolkit """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Access" ; . naraid:NF00256 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Access is a desktop database management system. Access was built on the JET (Joint Engine Technology) Database Engine and was first released in 1992. Microsoft Access 2002, also known as Access XP, was released in 2001 and included an example database. Versions of Access before 2007 use the .mdb format, which changed significantly from version to version. Microsoft Access is a proprietary file format and while Microsoft does not provide specifications, programming access through Open Database Connectivity and Visual Basic for Applications allows for an understanding of the file format. Because support for Access 2.0 files was dropped with Access 2010, these files should be transformed to SIARD or CSV." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00256" ; rdfs:label "NF00256" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-msaccess" ; wikidata:p1195 "mdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/241" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000462.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://jabakobob.net/mdb/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Access" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fmsinc.com/MicrosoftAccess/history/features.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48021763" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Access 2002" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to SIARD or CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """DBPTK Database Preservation Toolkit """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Access" ; . naraid:NF00257 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "ASP (aka Classic ASP) was introduced in 1998 as Microsoft's first server side scripting language. Classic ASP pages are plain text, have the file extension .asp and are normally written in VBScript. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00257" ; rdfs:label "NF00257" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/html" ; wikidata:p1195 "asp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/138" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/web/asp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_Server_Pages" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20190507200553/http://2000clicks.com/Links/Computers/ActiveServerPages/index.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q344266" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Active Server Page" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:asp" ; . naraid:NF00258 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Enhanced Metafile (EMF) format is a vector graphic file. EMF is an improvement on the Windows Metafile Format (WMF). EMF stores 32-bit RGB image data in a series of records for rendering on a display or for output to a printer. EMF 1.0 was developed and released in 1992 with Windows NT 3.1. Two of the main improvements over WMF are 1) support for 32-bit data (WMF is limited to 16-bit) and 2) its device-independence, meaning the graphic looks the same regardless of the device on which it is viewed. The format is proprietary, but has a published open specification, and is actively maintained. NARA recommends retaining EMF files as-is, or as necessary converting to a TBD vector graphics format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00258" ; rdfs:label "NF00258" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-msmetafile" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/emf" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-emf" ; wikidata:p1195 "emf" ; wikidata:p1195 "emz" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/153" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Metafile#Variants" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/emf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-emf/91c257d7-c39d-4a36-9b1f-63e3f73d30ca" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122947210" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Enhanced Metafile 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain, or as necessary transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Enhanced_Metafile" ; . naraid:NF00259 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet tool and format developed by Microsoft for use across multiple environments. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications. It is the most ubiquitous format for spreadsheets, especially since the release of version 5 in 1993; it replaced Lotus 1-2-3 as the most common tool/format for spreadsheets. Excel is part of the Microsoft Office suite. Excel 2.0 is no longer supported in current versions of the software." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00259" ; rdfs:label "NF00259" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-excel" ; wikidata:p1195 "xls" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/55" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.openoffice.org/sc/excelfileformat.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52834888" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Excel 2.x" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODS" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XLS" ; . naraid:NF00260 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet tool and format developed by Microsoft for use across multiple environments. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications. It is the most ubiquitous format for spreadsheets, especially since the release of version 5 in 1993; it replaced Lotus 1-2-3 as the most common tool/format for spreadsheets. Excel is part of the Microsoft Office suite. Excel 2000-2003 is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00260" ; rdfs:label "NF00260" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-excel" ; wikidata:p1195 "xls" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/62" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000510.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_file_formats/ms-xls/cd03cb5f-ca02-4934-a391-bb674cb8aa06" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60886323" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Excel 2000-2003" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc; Microsoft Excel """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XLS" ; . naraid:NF00261 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet tool and format developed by Microsoft for use across multiple environments. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications. It is the most ubiquitous format for spreadsheets, especially since the release of version 5 in 1993; it replaced Lotus 1-2-3 as the most common tool/format for spreadsheets. Excel is part of the Microsoft Office suite. Excel 3.0 is no longer supported in current versions of the software." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00261" ; rdfs:label "NF00261" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-excel" ; wikidata:p1195 "xls" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/56" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60806040" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Excel 3.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODS" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XLS" ; . naraid:NF00262 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet tool and format developed by Microsoft for use across multiple environments. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications. It is the most ubiquitous format for spreadsheets, especially since the release of version 5 in 1993; it replaced Lotus 1-2-3 as the most common tool/format for spreadsheets. Excel is part of the Microsoft Office suite. Some versions are no longer supported by current software. Transforming allows for maintaining the files in a more sustainable format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00262" ; rdfs:label "NF00262" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-excel" ; wikidata:p1195 "xls" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/57" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60806257" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Excel 4.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODS" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XLS" ; . naraid:NF00263 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet tool and format developed by Microsoft for use across multiple environments. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications. It is the most ubiquitous format for spreadsheets, especially since the release of version 5 in 1993; it replaced Lotus 1-2-3 as the most common tool/format for spreadsheets. Excel is part of the Microsoft Office suite. Excel 97 is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00263" ; rdfs:label "NF00263" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-excel" ; wikidata:p1195 "xls" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/61" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000510.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_file_formats/ms-xls/cd03cb5f-ca02-4934-a391-bb674cb8aa06" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60886160" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Excel 97" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XLS" ; . naraid:NF00264 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "XLK files were used by Microsoft Excel 2000 and earlier version for backups of XLS workbook files. Current versions of Microsoft Excel can still open XLK files. If it is determined to be a unique file, it should be converted to the more standard Excel format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00264" ; rdfs:label "NF00264" ; wikidata:p1195 "xlk" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/23" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45028191" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Excel Backup" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODS" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XLS" ; . naraid:NF00265 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet tool and format developed by Microsoft for use across multiple environments. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications. It is the most ubiquitous format for spreadsheets, especially since the release of version 5 in 1993; it replaced Lotus 1-2-3 as the most common tool/format for spreadsheets. Excel is part of the Microsoft Office suite. Some versions are no longer supported by current software. Transforming allows for maintaining the files in a more sustainable format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00265" ; rdfs:label "NF00265" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-excel" ; wikidata:p1195 "xls" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/175" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000510.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_file_formats/ms-xls/cd03cb5f-ca02-4934-a391-bb674cb8aa06" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Excel for Macintosh 2001" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODS" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XLS" ; . naraid:NF00266 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet tool and format developed by Microsoft for use across multiple environments. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications. It is the most ubiquitous format for spreadsheets, especially since the release of version 5 in 1993; it replaced Lotus 1-2-3 as the most common tool/format for spreadsheets. Excel is part of the Microsoft Office suite. Some versions are no longer supported by current software. Transforming allows for maintaining the files in a more sustainable format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00266" ; rdfs:label "NF00266" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-excel" ; wikidata:p1195 "xls" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/176" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000510.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_file_formats/ms-xls/cd03cb5f-ca02-4934-a391-bb674cb8aa06" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Excel for Macintosh 2002" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODS" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XLS" ; . naraid:NF00267 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet tool and format developed by Microsoft for use across multiple environments. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications. It is the most ubiquitous format for spreadsheets, especially since the release of version 5 in 1993; it replaced Lotus 1-2-3 as the most common tool/format for spreadsheets. Excel is part of the Microsoft Office suite. Some versions are no longer supported by current software. Transforming allows for maintaining the files in a more sustainable format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00267" ; rdfs:label "NF00267" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-excel" ; wikidata:p1195 "xls" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/177" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000510.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_file_formats/ms-xls/cd03cb5f-ca02-4934-a391-bb674cb8aa06" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Excel for Macintosh 2004" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODS" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XLS" ; . naraid:NF00268 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet tool and format developed by Microsoft for use across multiple environments. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications. It is the most ubiquitous format for spreadsheets, especially since the release of version 5 in 1993; it replaced Lotus 1-2-3 as the most common tool/format for spreadsheets. Excel is part of the Microsoft Office suite. Excel 3.0 is no longer supported in current versions of the software." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00268" ; rdfs:label "NF00268" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-excel" ; wikidata:p1195 "xls" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/56" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61718296" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Excel for Macintosh 3.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODS" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XLS" ; . naraid:NF00269 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet tool and format developed by Microsoft for use across multiple environments. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications. It is the most ubiquitous format for spreadsheets, especially since the release of version 5 in 1993; it replaced Lotus 1-2-3 as the most common tool/format for spreadsheets. Excel is part of the Microsoft Office suite. Some versions are no longer supported by current software. Transforming allows for maintaining the files in a more sustainable format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00269" ; rdfs:label "NF00269" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-excel" ; wikidata:p1195 "xls" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/57" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Excel for Macintosh 4.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODS" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XLS" ; . naraid:NF00270 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet tool and format developed by Microsoft for use across multiple environments. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications. It is the most ubiquitous format for spreadsheets, especially since the release of version 5 in 1993; it replaced Lotus 1-2-3 as the most common tool/format for spreadsheets. Excel is part of the Microsoft Office suite. Some versions are no longer supported by current software. Transforming allows for maintaining the files in a more sustainable format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00270" ; rdfs:label "NF00270" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-excel" ; wikidata:p1195 "xls" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/61" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000510.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_file_formats/ms-xls/cd03cb5f-ca02-4934-a391-bb674cb8aa06" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Excel for Macintosh 98" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODS" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XLS" ; . naraid:NF00271 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet tool and format developed by Microsoft for use across multiple environments. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications. It is the most ubiquitous format for spreadsheets, especially since the release of version 5 in 1993; it replaced Lotus 1-2-3 as the most common tool/format for spreadsheets. Excel is part of the Microsoft Office suite. Some versions are no longer supported by current software. Transforming allows for maintaining the files in a more sustainable format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00271" ; rdfs:label "NF00271" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-excel" ; wikidata:p1195 "xls" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/61" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000510.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_file_formats/ms-xls/cd03cb5f-ca02-4934-a391-bb674cb8aa06" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Excel for Macintosh v.X" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODS" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XLS" ; . naraid:NF00272 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Open Office XML is an open, XML-based container format developed by Microsoft for representing spreadsheets, charts, presentations and word processing documents. As of Excel 2007, the xlsx format replaced the binary .xls format, although it does not support Excel macros for security reasons. Excel Office Open XML is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00272" ; rdfs:label "NF00272" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet" ; wikidata:p1195 "xlsx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/214" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000398.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Office_XML_formats" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_standards/ms-oi29500/1fd4a662-8623-49c0-82f0-18fa91b413b8" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20220401084219/https://www.ecma-international.org/publications-and-standards/standards/ecma-376/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63082925" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Excel Office Open XML" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XLSX" ; . naraid:NF00273 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The XLW files contains layout information for open workbooks and their exact screen position and window sizes, as well as references to the spreadsheet workbook files. XLW files do not include the actual workbook data, but only document the layout on the screen. In order to open the XLW files you must have all the workbooks referenced be the file. It is not clear if these files in any way enhance the understanding of spreadsheet records in their native format. This file type can no longer be created, and cannot be converted to any other file format by Excel. Case-by-case assessment is needed to determine if these files should be retained as Record." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00273" ; rdfs:label "NF00273" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-excel" ; wikidata:p1195 "xlw" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/128" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000510.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51801521" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Excel Workspace" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XLS" ; . naraid:NF00275 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A FoxPro Memo (FPT) file is associated with the FoxPro database management system. The FPT file contains memo fields associated with a table in the DBF format. Memo fields are used to store large amounts of text or binary data which may not fit in a regular database field. Each FPT file stores content that directly corresponds to records in the DBF file. If there is a FPT file, there must be a related DBF file. Flags in a DBF file indicate whether a FPT should be present; the DBF is unusable if the FPT is missing. FPT is proprietary, does not have a published open specification, and is not actively maintained and updated by an organization. NARA recommends transformation to plain text." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00275" ; rdfs:label "NF00275" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/dbf" ; wikidata:p1195 "fpt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/342" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FoxPro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/visualstudio/foxpro/8599s21w%28v%3dvs.71%29" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47012412" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "FoxPro Memo" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to Plain Text and add it into the database file" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. It appears these files can be opened in text editors, although it is possible they can only be opened in a hex editor or a database application. Typically these files are not meant to be converted. However as text files, their content may be simply copied out. The issue is whether the file can then be properly associated with related data in the database. More likely the FPT file and related files will have to be processed so that the FPT file content is added back into the related database file. It may be possible to open these files in OpenOffice." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:fpt" ; . naraid:NF00276 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The btr file extension was used for a binary indexing data file in Microsoft FrontPage, but also for Btrieve for its database file. Further research is needed on a case-by-case basis to determine which type of file this is. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00276" ; rdfs:label "NF00276" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "btr" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/359" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_FrontPage" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61963304" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Microsoft FrontPage Binary Tree Index" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:btr" ; . naraid:NF00277 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "frontpg.ini is a read-only plain text configuration file used by the Microsoft FrontPage web server application. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00277" ; rdfs:label "NF00277" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "frontpg.cnf" ; wikidata:p1195 "frontpg.ini" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/288" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_FrontPage" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63415412" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Microsoft FrontPage Server Extension Configuration File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; . naraid:NF00278 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Multiplan was a spreadsheet program released by Microsoft in 1982 on several mainframe and early desktop computer platforms including MS-DOS and Apple Macintosh. Additional research is needed to determine if there are any tools in the marketplace that can open these files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00278" ; rdfs:label "NF00278" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-ms-multiplan" ; wikidata:p1195 "mod" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/162" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplan" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105862297" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Multiplan 4.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. The MP format contains data used by the application and cannot be opened except by the Multiplan software, nor can it be converted to another format. Multiplan files could perhaps be converted by Excel 5, but this is unverified. It is possible that the MP format is a software file and not the actual spreadsheet file. Further investigation is required. A converter based on libwps can retrieve cell contents, but it's unclear if this format is actually data." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MultiPlan" ; . naraid:NF00280 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Outlook Item MSG (.msg) file format stores a single Microsoft Outlook or Exchange object, such as an email, appointment, contact, or task, in a file. It was introduced in Microsoft Office 2003. Properties and attachments present in the original items are also present in the MSG file. The format is based on Microsoft's Compound File Binary File Format, Version 3 (CFB_3), a hierarchical collection of storage and stream objects that behave like a directory and file tree in a single file. MSG is a fully documented but proprietary format that is designated as an acceptable NARA transfer format. The files can be opened in a text editor and should be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00280" ; rdfs:label "NF00280" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-outlook" ; wikidata:p1195 "msg" ; wikidata:p1195 "oft" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/430" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000379.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/email/msg/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/exchange_server_protocols/ms-oxmsg/b046868c-9fbf-41ae-9ffb-8de2bd4eec82" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61707607" ; nara:category naraid:Email ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Outlook Item" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """PST Viewer Pro; Any supported text editor for rendering """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Outlook_Item_File" ; . naraid:NF00282 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Outlook Personal Folders File Format (PST) is a data file format that may contain email folders, email messages, and optional attachments in a hierarchical structure. The PST_ANSI format was the default format for Outlook 97-2002, using the ANSI character set, and with a size limit of 2 GB. It was replaced as the default format for Outlook by PST_Unicode, which can support larger file sizes. PST is an open proprietary Microsoft format, with widespread use due to the prominence of the Microsoft Outlook email application. PST_ANSI is a legacy format and only an acceptable format for imminent transfer per the NARA Transfer Guidance. NARA retains PSTs while also converting aggregate PSTs to individual EML files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00282" ; rdfs:label "NF00282" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-outlook" ; wikidata:p1195 "pst" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/248" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000377.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/email/pst/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_Storage_Table" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_file_formats/ms-pst/141923d5-15ab-4ef1-a524-6dce75aae546" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29651210" ; nara:category naraid:Email ; nara:formatName "Outlook Personal Folders (PST_ANSI)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """PST Viewer Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Personal_Folder_File" ; . naraid:NF00283 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Outlook Personal Folders File Format (PST) is a data file format that may contain email folders, email messages, and optional attachments in a hierarchical structure. The PST_Unicode format is the default Outlook format since Outlook 2003, uses the Unicode character set, and can support larger file sizes than the earlier PST_ANSI format. PST is an open proprietary Microsoft format, with widespread use due to the prominence of the Microsoft Outlook email application. Outlook is the primary software for opening PSTs. PST_Unicode is a considered a preferred format for aggregations of email per NARA Transfer Guidance; NARA retains PSTs while also converting aggregate PSTs to individual EML files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00283" ; rdfs:label "NF00283" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-outlook" ; wikidata:p1195 "pst" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/249" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000378.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/email/pst/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_Storage_Table" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_file_formats/ms-pst/141923d5-15ab-4ef1-a524-6dce75aae546" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29651228" ; nara:category naraid:Email ; nara:formatName "Outlook Personal Folders (PST_Unicode)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """PST Viewer Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Personal_Folder_File" ; . naraid:NF00284 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft PowerPoint 97-2007 is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00284" ; rdfs:label "NF00284" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint" ; wikidata:p1195 "ppt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/126" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000511.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_PowerPoint" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_file_formats/ms-ppt/6be79dde-33c1-4c1b-8ccc-4b2301c08662" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3400889" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation 97-2003" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft PowerPoint; LibreOffice Impress """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PPT" ; . naraid:NF00285 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "This version of PowerPoint is no longer supported. A version of Microsoft PowerPoint 2003 or earlier is required to open these files (later versions are not backwards compatible). Once updated to the Microsoft PowerPoint 97-2003 format, the file can then be opened in current versions of PowerPoint and converted to PPTX." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00285" ; rdfs:label "NF00285" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint" ; wikidata:p1195 "ppt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/181" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000511.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_PowerPoint" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_file_formats/ms-ppt/6be79dde-33c1-4c1b-8ccc-4b2301c08662" ; wikidata:p973 "https://lowendmac.com/2014/microsoft-powerpoint-for-mac-faq/" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Microsoft PowerPoint for Macintosh 2001" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PPTX or ODP" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Impress """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PPT" ; . naraid:NF00286 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "These versions of PowerPoint are no longer supported. A version of Microsoft PowerPoint 2003 or earlier is required to open these files (later versions are not backwards compatible). Once updated to the Microsoft PowerPoint 97-2003 format, the file can then be opened in current versions of PowerPoint and converted to PPTX." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00286" ; rdfs:label "NF00286" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint" ; wikidata:p1195 "ppt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/179" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_PowerPoint" ; wikidata:p973 "https://lowendmac.com/2014/microsoft-powerpoint-for-mac-faq/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61718355" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Microsoft PowerPoint for Macintosh 4.0-5.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PPTX or ODP" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Impress """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PPT" ; . naraid:NF00289 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft PowerPoint OpenXML is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00289" ; rdfs:label "NF00289" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation" ; wikidata:p1195 "pptx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/215" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000399.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_PowerPoint" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_standards/ms-oi29500/1fd4a662-8623-49c0-82f0-18fa91b413b8" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26207960" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation OpenXML (Windows 2007-onwards)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Microsoft PowerPoint; LibreOffice Impress """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PPTX" ; . naraid:NF00290 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "This version of PowerPoint is no longer supported. A version of Microsoft PowerPoint 2003 or earlier is required to open these files (later versions are not backwards compatible). Once updated to the Microsoft PowerPoint 97-2003 format, the file can then be opened in current versions of PowerPoint and converted to PPTX." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00290" ; rdfs:label "NF00290" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint" ; wikidata:p1195 "ppt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/88" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_PowerPoint" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51334664" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation 4.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PPTX or ODP" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Impress """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PPT" ; . naraid:NF00291 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "This version of PowerPoint is no longer supported. A version of Microsoft PowerPoint 2003 or earlier is required to open these files (later versions are not backwards compatible). Once updated to the Microsoft PowerPoint 97-2003 format, the file can then be opened in current versions of PowerPoint and converted to PPTX." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00291" ; rdfs:label "NF00291" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint" ; wikidata:p1195 "ppt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/125" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_PowerPoint" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51717333" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation 95" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PPTX or ODP" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Impress """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PPT" ; "In the June 2020 release, the NARA Format ID for this entry had a typo and appeared as NF00292. The correct ID is NF00291." ; . naraid:NF00292 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "XPS is a proprietary but documented page description language and document format. XPS existed in Windows 7 and earlier, before being replaced with OXPS in Windows 8. XPS and OXPS are not compatible." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00292" ; rdfs:label "NF00292" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument" ; wikidata:p1195 "xps" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/657" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000514.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_XML_Paper_Specification" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20061117050048/http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/xps/xpsspec.mspx" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q977900" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Microsoft XML Paper Specification 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF or possibly OXPS" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Possible tools include PDFaid XPS to PDF converter; if OXPS were to become an accepted format, XPSConverter available in the Microsoft Windows Driver Kit can convert XPS to OXPS." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XPS" ; . naraid:NF00293 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Publisher (PUB) is a desktop publishing application that is distributed by Microsoft. Version 2.0 of the software was released in 1993 for Windows 3.1. PUB files are proprietary and do not have an open, published format specification. Microsoft will also phase out Publisher in 2026, and no longer plans to support prior versions of the software. Therefore, transforming PUB files to PDF is recommended." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00293" ; rdfs:label "NF00293" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-publisher" ; wikidata:p1195 "pub" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/252" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Publisher" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27684843" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Publisher 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. There are multiple free online converters for Publisher to PDF. LibreOffice can open Microsoft Publisher 98-2010 files, but it is unclear if anything would be lost if transformed to OpenDocument." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Publisher" ; "Files identified by the .pub extension may be Ventura Publisher or Microsoft Publisher. Further identification is required." ; . naraid:NF00294 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Publisher (PUB) is a desktop publishing application that is distributed by Microsoft, and Publisher 2000 was part of their Office suite of products. File format versions do not always correspond to the software release versions. Publisher 2000, which was version 9.0 of the format and version 6.0 of the software, was released in 1999 for Windows 95 or later operating systems. PUB files are proprietary and do not have an open, published format specification. Microsoft will also phase out Publisher in 2026, and no longer plans to support prior versions of the software. Therefore, transforming PUB files to PDF is recommended." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00294" ; rdfs:label "NF00294" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-publisher" ; wikidata:p1195 "pub" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/256" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Publisher" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27684898" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Publisher 2000" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. There are multiple free online converters for Publisher to PDF. LibreOffice can open Microsoft Publisher 98-2010 files, but it is unclear if anything would be lost if transformed to OpenDocument." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Publisher" ; "Files identified by the .pub extension may be Ventura Publisher or Microsoft Publisher. Further identification is required." ; . naraid:NF00295 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Publisher (PUB) is a desktop publishing application that is distributed by Microsoft, and Publisher 2002 was part of their Office suite of products. Publisher 2002, which was version 10.0 of the format and the software, was released in 2001 for Windows 98 or later operating systems. The software version number jumped from 6.0 to 10.0 with this release, in order to tally the Microsoft Office versions. PUB files are proprietary and do not have an open, published format specification. Microsoft will also phase out Publisher in 2026, and no longer plans to support prior versions of the software. Therefore, transforming PUB files to PDF is recommended." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00295" ; rdfs:label "NF00295" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-publisher" ; wikidata:p1195 "pub" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/257" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Publisher" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27684906" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Publisher 2002" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. There are multiple free online converters for Publisher to PDF. LibreOffice can open Microsoft Publisher 98-2010 files, but it is unclear if anything would be lost if transformed to OpenDocument." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Publisher" ; "Files identified by the .pub extension may be Ventura Publisher or Microsoft Publisher. Further identification is required." ; . naraid:NF00296 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Publisher (PUB) is a desktop publishing application that is distributed by Microsoft. Publisher 95, version 3.0 of the format and the software, was released in 1995 for Windows 95. PUB files are proprietary and do not have an open, published format specification. Microsoft will also phase out Publisher in 2026, and no longer plans to support prior versions of the software. Therefore, transforming PUB files to PDF is recommended." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00296" ; rdfs:label "NF00296" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-publisher" ; wikidata:p1195 "pub" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/253" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Publisher" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27684861" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Publisher 95" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. There are multiple free online converters for Publisher to PDF. LibreOffice can open Microsoft Publisher 98-2010 files, but it is unclear if anything would be lost if transformed to OpenDocument." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Publisher" ; "Files identified by the .pub extension may be Ventura Publisher or Microsoft Publisher. Further identification is required." ; . naraid:NF00297 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Publisher (PUB) is a desktop publishing application that is distributed by Microsoft, and Publisher 97 was part of their Office suite of products. File format versions do not always correspond to the software release versions. Publisher 97, which was version 8.0 of the format and version 4.0 of the software, was released in 1996 for Windows 95 or Windows NT. PUB files are proprietary and do not have an open, published format specification. Microsoft will also phase out Publisher in 2026, and no longer plans to support prior versions of the software. Therefore, transforming PUB files to PDF is recommended." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00297" ; rdfs:label "NF00297" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-publisher" ; wikidata:p1195 "pub" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/254" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Publisher" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27684873" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Publisher 97" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. There are multiple free online converters for Publisher to PDF. LibreOffice can open Microsoft Publisher 98-2010 files, but it is unclear if anything would be lost if transformed to OpenDocument." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Publisher" ; "Files identified by the .pub extension may be Ventura Publisher or Microsoft Publisher. Further identification is required." ; . naraid:NF00298 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Publisher (PUB) is a desktop publishing application that is distributed by Microsoft, and Publisher 98 was part of their Office suite of products. File format versions do not always correspond to the software release versions. Publisher 98, which was version 8.5 of the format and version 5.0 of the software, was released in 1998. PUB files are proprietary and do not have an open, published format specification. Microsoft will also phase out Publisher in 2026, and no longer plans to support prior versions of the software. Therefore, PUB files should be transformed into a more sustainable format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00298" ; rdfs:label "NF00298" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-publisher" ; wikidata:p1195 "pub" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/255" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Publisher" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27684882" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Publisher 98" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. There are multiple free online converters for Publisher to PDF. LibreOffice can open Microsoft Publisher 98-2010 files, but it is unclear if anything would be lost if transformed to OpenDocument." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Publisher" ; "Files identified by the .pub extension may be Ventura Publisher or Microsoft Publisher. Further identification is required." ; . naraid:NF00299 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00299" ; rdfs:label "NF00299" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.visio" ; wikidata:p1195 "vsd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/442" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Visio" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/vsd" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29439653" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Visio Drawing unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Visio; LibreOffice Draw """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Visio" ; . naraid:NF00300 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Visio 2013 introduced file formats based upon Open Packaging Conventions and XML, inside a zip-compressed file." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00300" ; rdfs:label "NF00300" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-visio.drawing.main+xml" ; wikidata:p1195 "vsdx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/924" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000021.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Visio" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/vsdx" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/sharepoint_protocols/ms-vsdx/50c23601-c943-4ff2-b4a1-02445f52daf0" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50258788" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Visio Drawing 2013" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Visio; LibreOffice Draw """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Visio" ; . naraid:NF00302 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Microsoft Word Document (.doc) was the default format for the Microsoft Word family of word processing software from 1983-2003. Microsoft Word 6.0 for Macintosh was released in 1993 with a significant format change to the binary structure of .doc from previous versions. The .doc MS Word Binary File Format is proprietary but covered by Microsoft's Open Specification Promise. Due to the proprietary nature of the original format, transformation to the OpenDocument Text File (ODT) format is recommended." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00302" ; rdfs:label "NF00302" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/msword" ; wikidata:p1195 "doc" ; wikidata:p1195 "dot" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/39" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20170629131948/https://getadmx.com/?Category=Office2013&Policy=word15.Office.Microsoft.Policies.Windows::L_EnglishWord6095documents" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63061396" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Word for Windows 6.0-95" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODT" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word" ; . naraid:NF00303 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Microsoft Word Document (.doc) was the default format for the Microsoft Word family of word processing software from 1983-2003, but was still supported by Word through 2007. The Word 97-2003 variant of .doc was a significant change from earlier versions, based on an OLE Compound Binary file, and was consistent across Word versions 97-2003 for Windows and versions 98-2003 for Mac OS. The .doc MS Word OLE Compound Binary File Format is proprietary but covered by Microsoft's Open Specification Promise. It is recommended that this version of .doc files be retained as-is, it is an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00303" ; rdfs:label "NF00303" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/msword" ; wikidata:p1195 "doc" ; wikidata:p1195 "dot" ; wikidata:p1195 "wbk" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/40" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000509.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://download.microsoft.com/download/0/B/E/0BE8BDD7-E5E8-422A-ABFD-4342ED7AD886/Word97-2007BinaryFileFormat(doc)Specification.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63061514" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Word for Windows 97-2003" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODT" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Word; LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word" ; . naraid:NF00305 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Microsoft Word Document (.doc) was the default format for the Microsoft Word family of word processing software from 1983-2003. Microsoft Word 5.0 and 5.1 for Macintosh were released in 1991 and 1993. The version of .doc produced by 5.x is similar to versions 1, 2, and 4 for Windows and Mac. The .doc MS Word Binary File Format is proprietary but covered by Microsoft's Open Specification Promise. Due to the proprietary nature of the original format, transformation to the OpenDocument Text File (ODT) format is recommended." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00305" ; rdfs:label "NF00305" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/msword" ; wikidata:p1195 "doc" ; wikidata:p1195 "mcw" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/65" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_file_formats/ms-doc/ccd7b486-7881-484c-a137-51170af7cc22" ; wikidata:p973 "https://lowendmac.com/2013/microsoft-word-for-mac-faq/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47923192" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Word for Macintosh 5.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODT" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word_for_Macintosh" ; . naraid:NF00306 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Microsoft Word Document (.doc) was the default format for the Microsoft Word family of word processing software from 1983-2003. Microsoft Word 6.0 for Macintosh was released in 1993 with a significant format change to the binary structure of .doc from previous versions. The .doc MS Word Binary File Format is proprietary but covered by Microsoft's Open Specification Promise. Due to the proprietary nature of the original format, transformation to the OpenDocument Text File (ODT) format is recommended." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00306" ; rdfs:label "NF00306" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/msword" ; wikidata:p1195 "doc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/39" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000509.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://download.microsoft.com/download/0/B/E/0BE8BDD7-E5E8-422A-ABFD-4342ED7AD886/Word97-2007BinaryFileFormat(doc)Specification.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word" ; wikidata:p973 "https://lowendmac.com/2013/microsoft-word-for-mac-faq/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27526163" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Word for Macintosh 6.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODT" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word" ; . naraid:NF00309 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Microsoft Word Document (.doc) was the default format for the Microsoft Word family of word processing software from 1983-2003. Microsoft Word for MS-DOS 1-4 was released beginning in 1983; all DOS versions of .doc are significantly different from their Windows and Macintosh counterpart versions. There were minor improvements to the software from versions 1-4 for DOS, but the file format remained the same. The .doc MS Word DOS File Format is proprietary but covered by Microsoft's Open Specification Promise. Due to the proprietary nature of the original format, transformation to the OpenDocument Text File (ODT) format is recommended." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00309" ; rdfs:label "NF00309" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/msword" ; wikidata:p1195 "doc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/274" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48782202" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Word for MS-DOS 1-4" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODT" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word" ; . naraid:NF00310 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Microsoft Word Document (.doc) was the default format for the Microsoft Word family of word processing software from 1983-2003. Microsoft Word 2.0 for Windows was released in 1991. The version of .doc produced by Word 2 is structurally the same as Word 1, and version 3 and 4 for Mac. The .doc MS Word Binary File Format is proprietary but covered by Microsoft's Open Specification Promise. Due to the proprietary nature of the original format, transformation to the OpenDocument Text File (ODT) format is recommended." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00310" ; rdfs:label "NF00310" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/msword" ; wikidata:p1195 "doc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/38" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61641368" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Word for Windows 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODT" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word" ; . naraid:NF00311 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Microsoft Word OOXML Document (Open Office XML Document, .docx) has been the default format for the Microsoft Word family of word processing software since 2007, replacing the earlier binary .doc format. The .docx format is XML-based, and actually consists of multiple files compressed in a ZIP container. There are two format variants defined: strict and transitional. The OOXML version of .docx has an open international standard, therefore, it is recommended that the .docx files created with Microsoft Office 2007-2010 should be retained as-is. It is an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00311" ; rdfs:label "NF00311" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document" ; wikidata:p1195 "docx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/412" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000397.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_standards/ms-docx/b839fe1f-e1ca-4fa6-8c26-5954d0abbccd" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3033641" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Word for Windows 2007-onwards (OOXML)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Microsoft Word """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DOCX" ; . naraid:NF00312 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Word for Windows Macro (.docm) is a version of a OOXML .docx file that contains macros or is macro-enabled. These macro files are most often created to support the creation of other files. The Microsoft Word OOXML Document (.docx) has been the default format for the Microsoft Word family of word processing software since 2007. The Office Open XML version of .docx and .docm have an open international standard, therefore, it is recommended to retain as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00312" ; rdfs:label "NF00312" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-word.document.macroEnabled.12" ; wikidata:p1195 "docm" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/523" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/docm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_standards/ms-docx/b839fe1f-e1ca-4fa6-8c26-5954d0abbccd" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105856064" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Word for Windows Macro 2007-onwards (OOXML)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Microsoft Word; LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word" ; . naraid:NF00315 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Works was a productivity software suite developed by Microsoft, sold from 1987 to 2009. Its core functionality included a word processor, a spreadsheet and a database management system. Transformation required as the software is no longer supported by the manufacturer or sold in the marketplace." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00315" ; rdfs:label "NF00315" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-works" ; wikidata:p1195 "wdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/169" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Works Database for DOS 1.05" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Microsoft does not provide an import filter for any version of the .wdb Works database for Excel or Access. OpenOffice can open Works files from unspecified versions for conversion. The Works Database Converter is a free converter using Java. There is also a converter based on libwps which may retrieve the main database's content but not the filters, frames, reports." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works_Database" ; . naraid:NF00316 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Works was a productivity software suite developed by Microsoft, sold from 1987 to 2009. Its core functionality included a word processor, a spreadsheet and a database management system. Transformation required as the software is no longer supported by the manufacturer or sold in the marketplace." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00316" ; rdfs:label "NF00316" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-works" ; wikidata:p1195 "wdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/170" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Works Database for DOS 1.12" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Microsoft does not provide an import filter for any version of the .wdb Works database for Excel or Access. OpenOffice can open Works files from unspecified versions for conversion. The Works Database Converter is a free converter using Java. There is also a converter based on libwps which may retrieve the main database's content but not the filters, frames, reports." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works_Database" ; . naraid:NF00317 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Works was a productivity software suite developed by Microsoft, sold from 1987 to 2009. Its core functionality included a word processor, a spreadsheet and a database management system. Transformation required as the software is no longer supported by the manufacturer or sold in the marketplace." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00317" ; rdfs:label "NF00317" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-works" ; wikidata:p1195 "wdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/171" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Works Database for DOS 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Microsoft does not provide an import filter for any version of the .wdb Works database for Excel or Access. OpenOffice can open Works files from unspecified versions for conversion. The Works Database Converter is a free converter using Java. There is also a converter based on libwps which may retrieve the main database's content but not the filters, frames, reports." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works_Database" ; . naraid:NF00318 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Works was a productivity software suite developed by Microsoft, sold from 1987 to 2009. Its core functionality included a word processor, a spreadsheet and a database management system. Transformation required as the software is no longer supported by the manufacturer or sold in the marketplace." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00318" ; rdfs:label "NF00318" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-works" ; wikidata:p1195 "wdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/259" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63344877" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Works Database for DOS 3" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Microsoft does not provide an import filter for any version of the .wdb Works database for Excel or Access. OpenOffice can open Works files from unspecified versions for conversion. The Works Database Converter is a free converter using Java. There is also a converter based on libwps which may retrieve the main database's content but not the filters, frames, reports." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works_Database" ; . naraid:NF00319 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Works was a productivity software suite developed by Microsoft, sold from 1987 to 2009. Its core functionality included a word processor, a spreadsheet and a database management system. Transformation required as the software is no longer supported by the manufacturer or sold in the marketplace." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00319" ; rdfs:label "NF00319" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-works" ; wikidata:p1195 "wdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/260" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63391433" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Works Database for DOS 3a" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Microsoft does not provide an import filter for any version of the .wdb Works database for Excel or Access. OpenOffice can open Works files from unspecified versions for conversion. The Works Database Converter is a free converter using Java. There is also a converter based on libwps which may retrieve the main database's content but not the filters, frames, reports." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works_Database" ; . naraid:NF00320 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Works was a productivity software suite developed by Microsoft, sold from 1987 to 2009. Its core functionality included a word processor, a spreadsheet and a database management system. Transformation required as the software is no longer supported by the manufacturer or sold in the marketplace." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00320" ; rdfs:label "NF00320" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-works" ; wikidata:p1195 "wdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/261" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63391705" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Works Database for DOS 3b" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Microsoft does not provide an import filter for any version of the .wdb Works database for Excel or Access. OpenOffice can open Works files from unspecified versions for conversion. The Works Database Converter is a free converter using Java. There is also a converter based on libwps which may retrieve the main database's content but not the filters, frames, reports." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works_Database" ; . naraid:NF00321 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Works was a productivity software suite developed by Microsoft, sold from 1987 to 2009. Its core functionality included a word processor, a spreadsheet and a database management system. Transformation required as the software is no longer supported by the manufacturer or sold in the marketplace." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00321" ; rdfs:label "NF00321" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-works" ; wikidata:p1195 "wdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/268" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63166396" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Works Database for Macintosh 3" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Microsoft does not provide an import filter for any version of the .wdb Works database for Excel or Access. OpenOffice can open Works files from unspecified versions for conversion. The Works Database Converter is a free converter using Java. There is also a converter based on libwps which may retrieve the main database's content but not the filters, frames, reports." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works_Database" ; . naraid:NF00322 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Works was a productivity software suite developed by Microsoft, sold from 1987 to 2009. Its core functionality included a word processor, a spreadsheet and a database management system. Transformation required as the software is no longer supported by the manufacturer or sold in the marketplace." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00322" ; rdfs:label "NF00322" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-works" ; wikidata:p1195 "wdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/269" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63177205" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Works Database for Macintosh 4" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Microsoft does not provide an import filter for any version of the .wdb Works database for Excel or Access. OpenOffice can open Works files from unspecified versions for conversion. The Works Database Converter is a free converter using Java. There is also a converter based on libwps which may retrieve the main database's content but not the filters, frames, reports." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works_Database" ; . naraid:NF00323 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Works was a productivity software suite developed by Microsoft, sold from 1987 to 2009. Its core functionality included a word processor, a spreadsheet and a database management system. Transformation required as the software is no longer supported by the manufacturer or sold in the marketplace." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00323" ; rdfs:label "NF00323" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-works" ; wikidata:p1195 "wdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/219" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61766587" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Works Database for Windows 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Microsoft does not provide an import filter for any version of the .wdb Works database for Excel or Access. OpenOffice can open Works files from unspecified versions for conversion. The Works Database Converter is a free converter using Java. There is also a converter based on libwps which may retrieve the main database's content but not the filters, frames, reports." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works_Database" ; . naraid:NF00324 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Works was a productivity software suite developed by Microsoft, sold from 1987 to 2009. Its core functionality included a word processor, a spreadsheet and a database management system. Transformation required as the software is no longer supported by the manufacturer or sold in the marketplace." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00324" ; rdfs:label "NF00324" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-works" ; wikidata:p1195 "wdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/222" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61766955" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Works Database for Windows 2.0a" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Microsoft does not provide an import filter for any version of the .wdb Works database for Excel or Access. OpenOffice can open Works files from unspecified versions for conversion. The Works Database Converter is a free converter using Java. There is also a converter based on libwps which may retrieve the main database's content but not the filters, frames, reports." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works_Database" ; . naraid:NF00325 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Works was a productivity software suite developed by Microsoft, sold from 1987 to 2009. Its core functionality included a word processor, a spreadsheet and a database management system. Transformation required as the software is no longer supported by the manufacturer or sold in the marketplace." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00325" ; rdfs:label "NF00325" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-works" ; wikidata:p1195 "wdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/256" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63344866" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Works Database for Windows 2000" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Microsoft does not provide an import filter for any version of the .wdb Works database for Excel or Access. OpenOffice can open Works files from unspecified versions for conversion. The Works Database Converter is a free converter using Java. There is also a converter based on libwps which may retrieve the main database's content but not the filters, frames, reports." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works_Database" ; . naraid:NF00326 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Works was a productivity software suite developed by Microsoft, sold from 1987 to 2009. Its core functionality included a word processor, a spreadsheet and a database management system. Transformation required as the software is no longer supported by the manufacturer or sold in the marketplace." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00326" ; rdfs:label "NF00326" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-works" ; wikidata:p1195 "wdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/223" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61777529" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Works Database for Windows 3.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Microsoft does not provide an import filter for any version of the .wdb Works database for Excel or Access. OpenOffice can open Works files from unspecified versions for conversion. The Works Database Converter is a free converter using Java. There is also a converter based on libwps which may retrieve the main database's content but not the filters, frames, reports." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works_Database" ; . naraid:NF00327 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Works was a productivity software suite developed by Microsoft, sold from 1987 to 2009. Its core functionality included a word processor, a spreadsheet and a database management system. Transformation required as the software is no longer supported by the manufacturer or sold in the marketplace." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00327" ; rdfs:label "NF00327" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-works" ; wikidata:p1195 "wdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/224" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61777675" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Works Database for Windows 3.0a" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Microsoft does not provide an import filter for any version of the .wdb Works database for Excel or Access. OpenOffice can open Works files from unspecified versions for conversion. The Works Database Converter is a free converter using Java. There is also a converter based on libwps which may retrieve the main database's content but not the filters, frames, reports." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works_Database" ; . naraid:NF00328 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Works was a productivity software suite developed by Microsoft, sold from 1987 to 2009. Its core functionality included a word processor, a spreadsheet and a database management system. Transformation required as the software is no longer supported by the manufacturer or sold in the marketplace." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00328" ; rdfs:label "NF00328" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-works" ; wikidata:p1195 "wdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/225" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61811585" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Works Database for Windows 3.0b" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Microsoft does not provide an import filter for any version of the .wdb Works database for Excel or Access. OpenOffice can open Works files from unspecified versions for conversion. The Works Database Converter is a free converter using Java. There is also a converter based on libwps which may retrieve the main database's content but not the filters, frames, reports." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works_Database" ; . naraid:NF00329 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Works was a productivity software suite developed by Microsoft, sold from 1987 to 2009. Its core functionality included a word processor, a spreadsheet and a database management system. Transformation required as the software is no longer supported by the manufacturer or sold in the marketplace." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00329" ; rdfs:label "NF00329" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-works" ; wikidata:p1195 "wdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/226" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61813289" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Works Database for Windows 4" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Microsoft does not provide an import filter for any version of the .wdb Works database for Excel or Access. OpenOffice can open Works files from unspecified versions for conversion. The Works Database Converter is a free converter using Java. There is also a converter based on libwps which may retrieve the main database's content but not the filters, frames, reports." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works_Database" ; . naraid:NF00330 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Works was a productivity software suite developed by Microsoft, sold from 1987 to 2009. Its core functionality included a word processor, a spreadsheet and a database management system. Transformation required as the software is no longer supported by the manufacturer or sold in the marketplace." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00330" ; rdfs:label "NF00330" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-works" ; wikidata:p1195 "wdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/246" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63280227" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Works Database for Windows 4.0a" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Microsoft does not provide an import filter for any version of the .wdb Works database for Excel or Access. OpenOffice can open Works files from unspecified versions for conversion. The Works Database Converter is a free converter using Java. There is also a converter based on libwps which may retrieve the main database's content but not the filters, frames, reports." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works_Database" ; . naraid:NF00331 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Works was a productivity software suite developed by Microsoft, sold from 1987 to 2009. Its core functionality included a word processor, a spreadsheet and a database management system. Transformation required as the software is no longer supported by the manufacturer or sold in the marketplace." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00331" ; rdfs:label "NF00331" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-works" ; wikidata:p1195 "wdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/249" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63339218" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Works Database for Windows 4.5" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Microsoft does not provide an import filter for any version of the .wdb Works database for Excel or Access. OpenOffice can open Works files from unspecified versions for conversion. The Works Database Converter is a free converter using Java. There is also a converter based on libwps which may retrieve the main database's content but not the filters, frames, reports." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works_Database" ; . naraid:NF00332 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Works was a productivity software suite developed by Microsoft, sold from 1987 to 2009. Its core functionality included a word processor, a spreadsheet and a database management system. Transformation required as the software is no longer supported by the manufacturer or sold in the marketplace." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00332" ; rdfs:label "NF00332" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-works" ; wikidata:p1195 "wdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/252" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63339321" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Works Database for Windows 4.5a" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Microsoft does not provide an import filter for any version of the .wdb Works database for Excel or Access. OpenOffice can open Works files from unspecified versions for conversion. The Works Database Converter is a free converter using Java. There is also a converter based on libwps which may retrieve the main database's content but not the filters, frames, reports." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Works_Database" ; . naraid:NF00333 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Transformation required as the software is no longer supported by the manufacturer or sold in the marketplace." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00333" ; rdfs:label "NF00333" ; wikidata:p1195 "dgn" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/346" ; wikidata:p973 "http://dgnlib.maptools.org/dgn.html" ; wikidata:p973 "http://dl.maptools.org/dl/dgnlib/ref18.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DGN" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47012446" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Microstation CAD Drawing 95" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to Shapefile or PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper. Possible tool for viewing is the Open Design Alliance Teigha Viewer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DGN" ; . naraid:NF00334 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "MHTML, or MIME Encapsulation of Aggregate Documents, is a web page archive format used to combine the HTML code and its companion resources (such as images, Flash animations, Java applets, and audio and video files) that are represented by external hyperlinks in the web page's HTML code into a single file. The content of an MHTML file is encoded using the same techniques that were first developed for HTML email messages using the MIME content type multipart/related. MHTML files use a .mhtml or .mht filename extension. MHTML documents and other web archives formats should never be converted to another format, as that would change the fundamental linkages and functionality of web objects." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00334" ; rdfs:label "NF00334" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-mimearchive" ; wikidata:p1163 "multipart/related" ; wikidata:p1195 "mht" ; wikidata:p1195 "mhtml" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/429" ; wikidata:p973 "http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2557" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/web/mhtml/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MHTML" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954199" ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "MHTML" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Edge; Google Chrome """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MHTML" ; . naraid:NF00335 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3 (MP3) is a lossy compressed format for digital audio. It was released in 1991 by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG). MP3 is 1/10th the size of a .WAV file and the files are able to stream online successfully. MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3 is an open standard and is still supported by MPEG. It is widely used in the community and has open source tools available for transcoding. Therefore, it is recommended to retain MP3 files as-is. It is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00335" ; rdfs:label "NF00335" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/mpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "mp3" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpeg3" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpg" ; wikidata:p1195 "x-mp3" ; wikidata:p1195 "x-mpeg3" ; wikidata:p1195 "x-mpegaudio" ; wikidata:p1195 "x-mpg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/134" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000012.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/audio/mp3/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MP3" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/3/34/MP3_Assessment_v1.0.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso-iec:11172:-3:ed-1:v1:en" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000105.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42591" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MP3" ; . naraid:NF00336 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) family is extensive. MPEG-1 is the initial version and is a lossy compression for audio and video. MPEG-1 Program Stream is a file that has been combined with Packetized Elementary Streams (PES) into a single stream; it can be used for transport, as in the case of DVDs. MPEG-1 was released in 1993, with subsequent versions being released over the next several years; the MPEG family now has over 15 versions. MPEG is an open standard, is still supported by the Moving Picture Experts Group, is widely used in the community, and has open source tools available for transcoding. It is recommended to retain MPEG-1 Program Stream files as-is since the files can easily be opened and are prevalent in the field." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00336" ; rdfs:label "NF00336" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/MP1S" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/mpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "m1a" ; wikidata:p1195 "m1v" ; wikidata:p1195 "m2a" ; wikidata:p1195 "mp1" ; wikidata:p1195 "mp2" ; wikidata:p1195 "mp3" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpa" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpg" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpv" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/385" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000035.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=19180" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG_program_stream" ; wikidata:p973 "https://mpeg.chiariglione.org/standards/mpeg-1/video" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28018470" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "MPEG-1 Program Stream" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MPEG_Program_Stream" ; . naraid:NF00337 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "MPEG-2 (H.262 or MPEG-2 Part 2) is a lossy video compression standard and is part of the extensive Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) family. MPEG-2 was released in 1996 and is an extended version of MPEG-1, with support for interlaced video. While MPEG-2 has a patent, MPEG is an open standard and is still supported by the Moving Picture Experts Group. It is preferred to retain MPEG-2 files as-is since the file format is well documented, prevalent in the field, and there are open source tools available for transcoding." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00337" ; rdfs:label "NF00337" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/mpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "mp1s" ; wikidata:p1195 "mp2p" ; wikidata:p1195 "mp2t" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpeg2" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpg" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpv" ; wikidata:p1195 "x-mpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "x-mpeg2a" ; wikidata:p1195 "x-mpg" ; wikidata:p1195 "x-pn-mpg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/386" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000032.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.262/MPEG-2_Part_2" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20230314230949/https://mpeg.chiariglione.org/standards/mpeg-2/video" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/87619.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q922109" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "MPEG-2 Video" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MPEG-2" ; . naraid:NF00339 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "MPEG-4 (MP4, MPEG-4 Part 14) is a lossy compression multimedia container, mostly used for audio and video, part of the extensive Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) family. MPEG-4 version 1 was released in 2001 and version 2 was released in 2003. Both versions are similar to the Quicktime MOV format. MPEG is an open standard and is still supported by the Moving Picture Experts Group. It is preferred to retain MP4 files as-is since the file format is well documented, prevalent in the field, and there are open source tools available for transcoding. MPEG-4 version 1 is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00339" ; rdfs:label "NF00339" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/mp4" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/mp4" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/mpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "mp4" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpa" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/199" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000155.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MP4_file_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/79110.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000037.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336316" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "MPEG-4 Media File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MP4" ; . naraid:NF00340 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "MySQL is a freely available suite of database tools. MySQL is still actively developed and supported in the marketplace. Regardless of the storage engine you choose, every MyISAM MySQL table is represented on disk by a .frm file that describes the table's format/definition) The file bears the same name as the table, with an .frm extension. The .frm format is the same on all platforms. This is a binary file which should be retained to help the user of the data reconstruct the database for research purposes." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00340" ; rdfs:label "NF00340" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-mysql-db" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-mysql-table-definition" ; wikidata:p1195 "frm" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/868" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000623.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://dev.mysql.com/doc/internals/en/frm-file-format.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySQL" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59653966" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "MySQL Form Definition" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain with the transformed database content" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. The mysqlfrm utility will reconstruct a database schema from a FRM file. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MySQL" ; . naraid:NF00341 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Nikon Electronic Format (NEF) is a raw image format native to Nikon digital cameras. It is similar to Nikon RAW (NRW) but NRW is produced by Nikon COOLPIX cameras and NEF is produced by DSLR cameras. Like many camera raw formats, NEF is proprietary but based on TIFF. Raw image files contain unprocessed or minimally processed digital camera image sensor data. While most raw formats use lossless data compression, many Nikon cameras allow users to choose between no compression, lossless, or lossy compression for raw images. To view the raw files, the output from the image sensor must be converted to a photographic rendering (processed) and stored in a viewable raster graphics format such as TIFF or JPEG. Processing may occur in the camera or through a raw file converter. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transforming to Digital Negative Format (DNG) for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00341" ; rdfs:label "NF00341" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-raw-nikon" ; wikidata:p1195 "nef" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/202" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000241.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://exiftool.sourceforge.net/TagNames/Nikon.html" ; wikidata:p973 "http://lclevy.free.fr/nef/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/nef/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3341814" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Nikon Electronic Format (NEF)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to DNG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop with Camera RAW; Adobe DNG Converter; ExifTool; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Nikon" ; . naraid:NF00342 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "This format is primarily used in academic settings, and is rare within the federal government. Most features are oriented to drafting the document and searching personal files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00342" ; rdfs:label "NF00342" ; wikidata:p1195 "nb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/349" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.notabene.com/cpg.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nota_Bene_(word_processor)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47012492" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Nota Bene Text File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. NotaBene 11.5 includes a save to PDF feature; FileMerlin """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Nota_Bene" ; . naraid:NF00343 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "OLE (Object Linking & Embedding) is a proprietary Microsoft technology that allows embedding and linking to documents and other objects. Use of binary Microsoft Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) objects limits interoperability, because these objects are not widely supported in programs for viewing or editing files. If software that understands an OLE object is not available, the object is usually replaced by a picture (bitmap representation of the object) or not displayed at all. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00343" ; rdfs:label "NF00343" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "ole" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000380.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_Linking_and_Embedding#OLE_1.0" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/ole_compound_file/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-cfb/53989ce4-7b05-4f8d-829b-d08d6148375b" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156830" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Microsoft OLE Compound Format" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Compound_File" ; . naraid:NF00344 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "OCR files are already structured plain text that follow the OmniPage structure with a proprietary extension, so transformation will not alter the content." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00344" ; rdfs:label "NF00344" ; wikidata:p1195 "met" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/350" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OmniPage" ; wikidata:p973 "https://ia803106.us.archive.org/view_archive.php?archive=/23/items/caereomnipagepro8/CaereOmniPagePro8.0_1997.iso&file=MANUALS%2FOMNIPRO6.PDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47012501" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "OmniPage Pro Document 5-9" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ASCII delimited text" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. More recent versions of OmniPage do not support the .met file anymore. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/OmniPage" ; . naraid:NF00345 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, is an open ZIP-compressed XML-based file format specification for office applications. The format is considered preferred per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00345" ; rdfs:label "NF00345" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text" ; wikidata:p1195 "fodt" ; wikidata:p1195 "odt" ; wikidata:p1195 "ott" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/136" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000247.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/word-processing/odt/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/open_document_format/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/c/c6/ODT_Assessment-v1.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/download.php/12572/OpenDocument-v1.0-os.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27203100" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "OpenDocument Text 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer; Microsoft Word """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/OpenDocument_Text" ; . naraid:NF00346 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Open Document Format is a well-documented open source format. OpenFormula supports Open Document Format for Office Applications for defining text:formula attributes. OpenFormula is a specification of an open format for exchanging recalculated formulas between office applications, in particular, formulas in spreadsheet documents. OpenFormula defines data types, syntax, and semantics for recalculated formulas, including predefined functions and operations." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00346" ; rdfs:label "NF00346" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula" ; wikidata:p1195 "odf" ; wikidata:p1195 "otf" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000247.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.2/os/OpenDocument-v1.2-os-part2.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenFormula" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/open_document_format/" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "OpenDocument Formula" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Math """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/OpenDocument" ; . naraid:NF00347 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, is an open ZIP-compressed XML-based file format specification for office applications. ODG files contain vector graphics that have been saved using XML formatting specifications. The format is considered preferred per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00347" ; rdfs:label "NF00347" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template" ; wikidata:p1195 "fodg" ; wikidata:p1195 "odg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/139" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000247.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/odg" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/open_document_format/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/download.php/12572/OpenDocument-v1.0-os.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27225795" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "OpenDocument Graphics 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Draw """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/OpenDocument_Drawing" ; . naraid:NF00348 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, is an open ZIP-compressed XML-based file format specification for office applications. The format is considered preferred per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00348" ; rdfs:label "NF00348" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation" ; wikidata:p1195 "fodp" ; wikidata:p1195 "odp" ; wikidata:p1195 "otp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/138" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000247.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/presentation/otp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/open_document_format/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/download.php/12572/OpenDocument-v1.0-os.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27203907" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "OpenDocument Presentation 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Impress; Microsoft PowerPoint """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/OpenDocument_Presentation" ; . naraid:NF00349 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, is an open ZIP-compressed XML-based file format specification for office applications. The format is considered preferred per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00349" ; rdfs:label "NF00349" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet" ; wikidata:p1195 "fods" ; wikidata:p1195 "ods" ; wikidata:p1195 "ots" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/137" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000247.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/open_document_format/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/download.php/12572/OpenDocument-v1.0-os.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27203692" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "OpenDocument Spreadsheet 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc; Microsoft Excel """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Open_Document_Spreadsheet" ; . naraid:NF00350 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "This is an obsolete, proprietary, operating system-specific implementation of a Bitmap file that should be converted to a standard TIFF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00350" ; rdfs:label "NF00350" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/bmp" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-bmp" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-ms-bmp" ; wikidata:p1195 "bmp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/115" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/os2bmp/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/bmp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMP_file_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/gdi/bitmap-storage" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28206783" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "OS/2 Bitmap 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/BMP" ; . naraid:NF00351 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The CIN file extension is used in the IBM OS/2 operating system for plain text files that contain change control data which tracks changes to an INI file. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00351" ; rdfs:label "NF00351" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "cin" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/143" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51802605" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "OS/2 Change Control File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:cin" ; . naraid:NF00352 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PageMaker formats are complex and proprietary. Versions of the software have limited ability to interact with files created in different version of the software. The PageMaker software is no longer supported or sold in the marketplace." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00352" ; rdfs:label "NF00352" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.pagemaker" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-pagemaker" ; wikidata:p1195 "pm5" ; wikidata:p1195 "pt5" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/173" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_PageMaker" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47019464" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "PageMaker Document 5.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. PageMaker 5.0 files can be converted to .PMD files with PageMaker 7.0, which can be opened with Adobe InDesign for conversion into PDF." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PageMaker" ; . naraid:NF00353 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PageMaker formats are complex and proprietary. Versions of the software have limited ability to interact with files created in different version of the software. The PageMaker software is no longer supported or sold in the marketplace." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00353" ; rdfs:label "NF00353" ; wikidata:p1195 "tbl" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/198" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_PageMaker" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51916170" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "PageMaker TableEditor Graphics" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Adobe InDesign CS PageMaker Edition can open PageMaker 6.5x-7.x publications and templates. Adobe InDesign CS2 to CS6 can open Adobe PageMaker 6.0-7.x publications and templates. They do seem to support tables, but they are treated as graphics and not editable (see https://helpx.adobe.com/creative-suite/kb/open-pagemaker-files-indesign.html). Once converted to Adobe InDesign it should be possible to convert the file to PDF for preservation." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PageMaker" ; . naraid:NF00354 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The PaintShop Pro Image (PSP) version 2 is a graphics file format for files created by PaintShop Pro. Early versions of PaintShop Pro were released in the 1990s by JASC Software, but Corel later acquired and continues to distribute the software. PSP file format versions do not correspond to PaintShop Pro application versions. Version 2 was likely associated with the 1996 release of the PaintShop Pro 4.0 application, or possibly earlier versions. No open format specification exists for version 2, but the files can still be rendered on PaintShop Pro and several other image programs. PSP version 2 files should be converted to a more sustainable format due to their proprietary nature, lack of an open format specification, and relative rarity." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00354" ; rdfs:label "NF00354" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-paintshoppro" ; wikidata:p1195 "psp" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/psp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PaintShop_Pro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/psp" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "PaintShop Pro Image version 2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly TIFF or JPEG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PaintShop_Pro" ; . naraid:NF00355 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The PaintShop Pro Browser Cache File (JBF) is a cache file which typically contains thumbnails of other image files. PaintShop Pro was originally released in the 1990s by JASC Software, but was later acquired and is still distributed by Corel. The format is proprietary, and JBF files do not have a published open specification. If JBF files are identified for permanent retention they should be converted into a more sustainable image format, but no format is currently identified because JBF files were meant for the program's internal use, not a renderable image format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00355" ; rdfs:label "NF00355" ; wikidata:p1195 "jbf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/217" ; wikidata:p973 "http://extension.nirsoft.net/jbf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://github.com/0x09/jbfinspect/blob/master/jbfinspect.c" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28205588" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "PaintShop Pro Browser Cache File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. Possible tool is PaintShop Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PaintShop_Pro_Browser_Cache" ; . naraid:NF00356 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Also known as Pictor format. PCPaint is an early bitmap-based image editing computer program that was produced for early IBM PCs. It is unclear if these files can be transformed into another format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00356" ; rdfs:label "NF00356" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "clp" ; wikidata:p1195 "pic" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/170" ; wikidata:p973 "http://netghost.narod.ru/gff/vendspec/pictor/pictor.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/pictor/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PICtor_PIC_image_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28206876" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "PCPaint Image" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly TIFF or JPEG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. Possible tools include PaintShop; Konvertor; XnView; Farbfeld Utilities; Deark; ImageMagick """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PCPaint_PIC" ; . naraid:NF00357 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) is an encryption program that provides cryptographic privacy and authentication for data communication. PGP is used for signing, encrypting, and decrypting texts, e-mails, files, directories, and whole disk partitions and to increase the security of e-mail communications. PGP file are encrypted, binary container PGP files. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00357" ; rdfs:label "NF00357" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pgp" ; wikidata:p1195 "pgp" ; wikidata:p973 "http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4880" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretty_Good_Privacy" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "PGP Encrypted File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PGP" ; . naraid:NF00358 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PHP Script (PHP: Hypertext Processor) is a scripting language that supports server-side web development, although it can also be used outside of the web context and run from the command line. PHP was initially released in 1995 for use in developing personal websites, and has been through numerous updates in the years since. In 2021, the PHP Foundation assumed responsibility for the development of PHP. PHP is an open-source language that has been widely used in web development for many years. Because uncompiled PHP is written in plain text, it can be easily rendered by text editors and does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00358" ; rdfs:label "NF00358" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/x-php" ; wikidata:p1195 "php" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/169" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHP" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.php.net/manual/en/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26697935" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "PHP Script" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PHP" ; . naraid:NF00359 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "It was the native file format for PC Paintbrush and became one of the first widely accepted DOS imaging standards, although it has since been succeeded by more sophisticated image formats, such as BMP, JPEG, and PNG. There was support for PCX in early versions of Microsoft Paint/Paintbrush as well. Retain as long as there are programs that can open the file. It is unclear what data could be lost through conversion to another format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00359" ; rdfs:label "NF00359" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/vnd.zbrush.pcx" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-pcx" ; wikidata:p1195 "pcc" ; wikidata:p1195 "pcx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/90" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000585.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/pcx/spec/a10e75307b3a4cc49c3bbe6db4c41fa2/view.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/pcx/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCX" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43870624" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "PiCture eXchange (PCX) version 5" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PNG or JPEG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PCX" ; . naraid:NF00360 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A Plain Text file (most often .txt) is associated with Microsoft Windows operating systems. A text file is a type of container and the contents may or may not be plain text, which is a type of content. The format can include many file extensions," ; dcterms:identifier "NF00360" ; rdfs:label "NF00360" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "Plain_Text" ; wikidata:p1195 "asc" ; wikidata:p1195 "rte" ; wikidata:p1195 "text" ; wikidata:p1195 "txt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/111" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text_file" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/28245.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q86920" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Plain Text" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Plain_text" ; . naraid:NF00361 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF 1.0-1.7 are considered acceptable formats for textual/word processing per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00361" ; rdfs:label "NF00361" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000030.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/f/ff/PDF_Assessment_v1.5.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42332" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format (PDF) unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Depends on version, see specific version plan" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; "A number of PDFs in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00361 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00362 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF 1.0-1.7 are considered acceptable formats for textual/word processing per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00362" ; rdfs:label "NF00362" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/14" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000316.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://archive.org/details/pdfy-0vt8s-egqFwDl7L2/mode/2up" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/f/ff/PDF_Assessment_v1.5.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26085339" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format (PDF) version 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00363 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF 1.0-1.7 are considered acceptable formats for textual/word processing per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00363" ; rdfs:label "NF00363" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/15" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000316.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://archive.org/details/pdfy--6viCaM13z6ZiznT/mode/2up" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/f/ff/PDF_Assessment_v1.5.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26085336" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format (PDF) version 1.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00364 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF 1.0-1.7 are considered acceptable formats for textual/word processing per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00364" ; rdfs:label "NF00364" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/16" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000316.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/19961219053721/http://www.adobe.com:80/supportservice/devrelations/PDFS/TN/PDFSPEC.PDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/f/ff/PDF_Assessment_v1.5.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26085333" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format (PDF) version 1.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00365 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF 1.0-1.7 are considered acceptable formats for textual/word processing per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00365" ; rdfs:label "NF00365" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/17" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000316.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://opensource.adobe.com/dc-acrobat-sdk-docs/pdfstandards/pdfreference1.3.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/f/ff/PDF_Assessment_v1.5.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26085330" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format (PDF) version 1.3" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00366 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF 1.0-1.7 are considered acceptable formats for textual/word processing per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00366" ; rdfs:label "NF00366" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/18" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000122.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://opensource.adobe.com/dc-acrobat-sdk-docs/pdfstandards/pdfreference1.4.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/f/ff/PDF_Assessment_v1.5.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26085326" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format (PDF) version 1.4" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00367 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF 1.0-1.7 are considered acceptable formats for textual/word processing per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00367" ; rdfs:label "NF00367" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/19" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000123.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://opensource.adobe.com/dc-acrobat-sdk-docs/pdfstandards/pdfreference1.5_v6.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/f/ff/PDF_Assessment_v1.5.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26085322" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format (PDF) version 1.5" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00368 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF 1.0-1.7 are considered acceptable formats for textual/word processing per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00368" ; rdfs:label "NF00368" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/20" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000276.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://opensource.adobe.com/dc-acrobat-sdk-docs/pdfstandards/pdfreference1.6.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/f/ff/PDF_Assessment_v1.5.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26085319" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format (PDF) version 1.6" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00369 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF 1.0-1.7 are considered acceptable formats for textual/word processing per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00369" ; rdfs:label "NF00369" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/276" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000277.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://opensource.adobe.com/dc-acrobat-sdk-docs/standards/pdfstandards/pdf/PDF32000_2008.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/f/ff/PDF_Assessment_v1.5.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26085317" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format (PDF) version 1.7" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00370 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF/A-1 and PDF/A-2 are considered preferred per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00370" ; rdfs:label "NF00370" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000318.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/pdf/a/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/A" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/2/22/PDFA_Assessment_v1.0.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1547957" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format/Archiving (PDF/A) unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; "A number of PDFs in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00370 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00371 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF/A-1 is based on PDF 1.4. It is considered preferred per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00371" ; rdfs:label "NF00371" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/95" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000251.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/pdf/a/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/A" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/2/22/PDFA_Assessment_v1.0.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/38920.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26541013" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format/Archiving (PDF/A-1a) accessible" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00372 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF/A-1 is based on PDF 1.4. PDF/A-1a is a subtype of PDF/A-1. The variant is intended to be more accessible offering more reliable text extraction. PDF/A-1 is well documented and intended for long term preservation of content. It is considered preferred per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00372" ; rdfs:label "NF00372" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/354" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000252.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/pdf/a/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/A" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/2/22/PDFA_Assessment_v1.0.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/38920.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26543628" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format/Archiving (PDF/A-1b) basic" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00373 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is well documented, and is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00373" ; rdfs:label "NF00373" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/493" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000495.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/E" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/42274.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.pdf3d.com/about-pdfe/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2043942" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format/Engineering (PDF/E-1)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; "PDF/E-1 is based on PDF 1.6." ; . naraid:NF00374 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF/X is a subtype of PDF, created for the exchange of preprint graphics data. The specification places greater restrictions than baseline PDF, and there are various conformance levels within the PDF/X standard. PDF/A is a more sustainable, identified preservation format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00374" ; rdfs:label "NF00374" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/144" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000124.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/X" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://webstore.ansi.org/standards/npes/ansicgats121999" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/f/ff/PDF_Assessment_v1.5.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29946692" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format/Exchange (PDF/X) version 1:1999" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF/A" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00375 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF/X is a subtype of PDF, created for the exchange of preprint graphics data. The specification places greater restrictions than baseline PDF, and there are various conformance levels within the PDF/X standard. PDF/A is a more sustainable, identified preservation format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00375" ; rdfs:label "NF00375" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/145" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000124.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/X" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/f/ff/PDF_Assessment_v1.5.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/29061.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29946713" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format/Exchange (PDF/X) version 1:2001" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF/A" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00376 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF/X is a subtype of PDF, created for the exchange of preprint graphics data. The specification places greater restrictions than baseline PDF, and there are various conformance levels within the PDF/X standard. PDF/A is a more sustainable, identified preservation format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00376" ; rdfs:label "NF00376" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/157" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000124.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/X" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/f/ff/PDF_Assessment_v1.5.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/29061.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29946726" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format/Exchange (PDF/X) version 1a:2001" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF/A" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00377 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF/X is a subtype of PDF, created for the exchange of preprint graphics data. The specification places greater restrictions than baseline PDF, and there are various conformance levels within the PDF/X standard. PDF/A is a more sustainable, identified preservation format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00377" ; rdfs:label "NF00377" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/146" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000124.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/X" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/f/ff/PDF_Assessment_v1.5.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/39938.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29946771" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format/Exchange (PDF/X) version 1a:2003" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF/A" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00378 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF/X is a subtype of PDF, created for the exchange of preprint graphics data. The specification places greater restrictions than baseline PDF, and there are various conformance levels within the PDF/X standard. PDF/A is a more sustainable, identified preservation format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00378" ; rdfs:label "NF00378" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/158" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000124.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/X" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/f/ff/PDF_Assessment_v1.5.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/34941.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29946829" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format/Exchange (PDF/X) version 3:2002" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF/A" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00379 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF/X is a subtype of PDF, created for the exchange of preprint graphics data. The specification places greater restrictions than baseline PDF, and there are various conformance levels within the PDF/X standard. PDF/A is a more sustainable, identified preservation format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00379" ; rdfs:label "NF00379" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/148" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000124.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/X" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/f/ff/PDF_Assessment_v1.5.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/39940.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29946845" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format/Exchange (PDF/X) version 3:2003" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF/A" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00380 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Portable Executable (PE) format is a compiled file format for executables, object code, DLLs and others used in 32-bit Windows operating systems. The PE format is a data structure that encapsulates the information necessary for the Windows OS loader to manage the wrapped executable code. This includes dynamic library references for linking, API export and import tables, resource management data and thread-local storage data. Software should be transferred in its native/original format, but should be provided as both raw source code and a compiled runtime version, if it exists. It should also be accompanied by release notes, readme files, and user/administrative documentation, if they exist. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00380" ; rdfs:label "NF00380" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream; version=\"32 bit\"" ; wikidata:p1195 "cpl" ; wikidata:p1195 "dll" ; wikidata:p1195 "efi" ; wikidata:p1195 "exe" ; wikidata:p1195 "ocx" ; wikidata:p1195 "pe" ; wikidata:p1195 "scr" ; wikidata:p1195 "sys" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/899" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Executable" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/portable_executable_format/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/debug/pe-format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47455466" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "32-bit Portable Executable file" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PE" ; . naraid:NF00381 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Portable Network Graphics (PNG) was designed for the lossless, portable, compressed storage of raster images. The main reason for the creation of the PNG format was due to a patent issue with the Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) file format. PNG 1.0 was released in 1996 through the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and is openly documented. Since PNG is non-proprietary, widely adopted, and has software available for rendering, NARA recommends retaining PNG as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00381" ; rdfs:label "NF00381" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/png" ; wikidata:p1195 "png" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/11" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000153.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://tools.ietf.org/pdf/rfc2083.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/spec/1.0/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/png/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Network_Graphics" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27229565" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Portable Network Graphics 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PNG" ; . naraid:NF00382 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Portable Network Graphics (PNG) was designed for the lossless, portable, compressed storage of raster images. The main reason for the creation of the PNG format was due to a patent issue with the Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) file format. PNG was first released in 1996 through the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and version 1.1 was released in 1998 due to technical problems with gamma and color correction in the previous version. Since PNG is non-proprietary, widely adopted, and has software available for rendering, NARA recommends retaining PNG as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00382" ; rdfs:label "NF00382" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/png" ; wikidata:p1195 "png" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/12" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000153.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/spec/1.1/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/png/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Network_Graphics" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27229608" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Portable Network Graphics 1.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PNG" ; . naraid:NF00383 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Portable Network Graphics (PNG) was designed for the lossless, portable, compressed storage of raster images. The main reason for the creation of the PNG format was due to a patent issue with the Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) file format. PNG was first released in 1996 through the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and version 1.2 was released in 1999 to add the iTXt chunk to the specification. The specification for PNG 1.2 was later standardized by ISO in 2004. PNG 1.2 is considered a preferred or acceptable format, depending on the record category, per NARA Transfer Guidance. Since PNG is non-proprietary, widely adopted, and has software available for rendering, NARA recommends retaining PNG as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00383" ; rdfs:label "NF00383" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/png" ; wikidata:p1195 "png" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/13" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000153.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/spec/1.2/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/png/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Network_Graphics" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27229642" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Portable Network Graphics 1.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PNG" ; . naraid:NF00384 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PostScript (PS) 2.0 is a type of vector graphic file that was created in Adobe's PostScript, a programming and page description language, to convey instructions to printers in order to support the printing of text and images. The specification for the PostScript Level 2 language was developed around 1990, when PostScript was widely used in publishing and printing. Level 2 had improved speed and reliability over Level 1, and introduced features such as image decompression. Its ubiquity has decreased over the years. The PostScript programming language has a published open specification, however, is proprietary to Adobe. Therefore, NARA recommends transformation to PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00384" ; rdfs:label "NF00384" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/postscript" ; wikidata:p1195 "ps" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/406" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000029.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PostScript" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20200723044018/https://www.adobe.com/content/dam/acom/en/devnet/actionscript/articles/psrefman.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123014246" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "PostScript 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. Possible tool is Ghostscript """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Postscript" ; . naraid:NF00385 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PostScript (PS) 3.0 is a type of vector graphic file that was created in Adobe's PostScript, a programming and page description language, to convey instructions to printers in order to support the printing of text and images. The specification for the PostScript 3.0 language was released in 1999, when PostScript was widely used in publishing and printing. PostScript 3.0 dropped \"Level\" from the name and introduced features such as improved graphics handling and support for more fonts and transparent artwork. Its ubiquity has decreased over the years. The PostScript programming language has a published open specification, however, is proprietary to Adobe. Therefore, NARA recommends transformation to PDF. However, PS 3.0 is a proprietary format. As a result, files should be converted to a more sustainable format such as PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00385" ; rdfs:label "NF00385" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/postscript" ; wikidata:p1195 "ps" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/408" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000029.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PostScript" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.adobe.com/jp/print/postscript/pdfs/PLRM.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123014263" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "PostScript 3.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. Possible tool is Ghostscript """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Postscript" ; . naraid:NF00386 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe Type 1, also named PostScript Type 1 (PFB), is an outline font format in the PostScript font family that was widely used until Adobe discontinued support in 2023. The PFB (Printer Font Binary) file was used in conjunction with PFM (Printer Font Metric) to render the Type 1 fonts. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files. Therefore, NARA recommends retaining these files in their original format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00386" ; rdfs:label "NF00386" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "pfb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/525" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PostScript_fonts" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20171021130312/https://wwwimages2.adobe.com/content/dam/acom/en/devnet/font/pdfs/T1_SPEC.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6026738" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Adobe Type 1 PostScript Printer Font Binary" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LCDF Type Software """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Adobe_Type_1" ; . naraid:NF00387 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Windows PowerShell is a task automation and configuration management framework from Microsoft, consisting of a command-line shell and associated scripting language. A PSD1 file is a plain text data file for Version 2. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00387" ; rdfs:label "NF00387" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-powershell" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "psd1" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PowerShell" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/scripting/developer/module/how-to-write-a-powershell-module-manifest?view=powershell-7.3&viewFallbackFrom=powershell-7" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Windows PowerShell Data File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Visual Studio; Any supported text editor """ ; . naraid:NF00388 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Product Representation Compact (PRC) is a file format to represent 3D models (or \"products\"). It was developed by Trade and Technologies France (TTF) in 2003, a company which was acquired by Adobe in 2006. Since 2007, PRC has been able to be embedded within PDF documents for 3D visualization; this is now the primary use of the format. PRC files are highly compressed. PRC has been standardized by ISO since 2014, and the specification is made available through ISO. NARA recommends retaining PRC files as-is. PRC is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00388" ; rdfs:label "NF00388" ; wikidata:p1163 "model/prc" ; wikidata:p1195 "prc" ; wikidata:p3266 "http://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000496.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRC_(file_format)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/prc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/54948.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3359832" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Product Representation Compact" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper; Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Adobe_PRC" ; . naraid:NF00389 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Python Source Code Script (PY) files are plain text files that contain source code in the Python language. Python 0.9.1 was released in 1991 followed by 1.0 in 1994 and version 2.0 in 2000. Python 3.0, a major, backwards-incompatible release, was released in 2008, although many of its major features were backported to Python versions 2.6 in 2008 and 2.7 in 2009. Python has been widely adopted, is not proprietary, and has a published open format specification. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00389" ; rdfs:label "NF00389" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/python" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/x-python" ; wikidata:p1195 "py" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/938" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.python.org/3/reference/introduction.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/python/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28865" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Python Source Code Script" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Python" ; . naraid:NF00390 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Quattro Pro is a spreadsheet program; the format for Quattro Pro Spreadsheet for DOS versions 1-4 had the file extension .wq1. The software was developed by Borland in 1991 and is now sold by Corel as part of the WordPerfect Office Suite. Versions 1-4 for DOS were released from 1989 to 1992. Some older versions of Quattro Pro or Excel may still read these files, but support appears to be limited and the files may have formatting or behavior errors. At this time, further research is required by NARA on processing proprietary Quattro Pro files, but tentatively it is recommended to transform into CSV or XLSX files. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00390" ; rdfs:label "NF00390" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-quattro-pro" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-quattropro" ; wikidata:p1195 "wq1" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/121" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quattro_Pro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://openpreservation.org/blogs/quattro-pro-dos-obsolete-format-last" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51799492" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Quattro Pro Spreadsheet for DOS 1-4" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV or XLSX" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. LibreOffice Calc appears to be able to open WQ1 and WQ2 files, in which case the files could then be saved to ODS (with unknown risk), but that needs to be tested. A converter based on libwps can retrieve a cell's content with cell's format and some graphics for WQ1 and WQ2. Quattro Pro software may be required to open WQ1 and WQ2 files, which can then possibly be converted to XLS and then ODS, but it's unclear if anything will be lost in the process." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Quattro_Pro" ; . naraid:NF00391 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Quattro Pro is a spreadsheet program; the format for Quattro Pro Spreadsheet for Windows versions 1-5 had the file extension .wb1. The software was originally developed by Borland in 1988 and is now sold by Corel as part of the Borland Office for Windows. Versions 1-5 were released in 1992 and 1993. Some older versions of Quattro Pro or Excel may still read these files, but support appears to be limited and the files may have formatting or behavior errors. At this time, further research is required by NARA on processing proprietary Quattro Pro files, but tentatively it is recommended to transform into CSV or XLSX files. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00391" ; rdfs:label "NF00391" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-quattro-pro" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-quattropro" ; wikidata:p1195 "wb1" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/834" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quattro_Pro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60479192" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Quattro Pro Spreadsheet for Windows 1-5" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV or XLSX" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. A converter based on libwps can retrieve a cell's content with cell's format and some graphics for WB1-3 files and QPW v. 9 files. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Quattro_Pro" ; . naraid:NF00392 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) is a lossy audio compression that can be packaged into various containers like QuickTime (QT) or MPEG-4 (MP4). Advanced Audio Coding was first defined in MPEG-2 part 7 in 1997, and updated in MPEG-4 part 3 in 1999 by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG). Quicktime is a multimedia container format developed by Apple in 1991 and continues to be supported. QuickTime is a proprietary audio format with open specifications and open source tools for transcoding. It is recommended that Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) QuickTime should be transformed to BWF or MP3 as appropriate. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00392" ; rdfs:label "NF00392" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/aac" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/mpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "aac" ; wikidata:p1195 "m4p" ; wikidata:p1195 "mp3" ; wikidata:p1195 "qta" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000110.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/QuickTime/QTFF/QTFFChap1/qtff1.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40000939-CH203-BBCGDDDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/video/qt/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QuickTime" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/79110.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337594" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) QuickTime" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to BWF or MP3 as appropriate" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/AAC" ; . naraid:NF00393 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "QuickTime (MOV) is a multimedia container format that can store several types of data--video, audio, still images and subtitle tracks--in different encodings. QuickTime MOV was developed by Apple in 1991 and became the basis for the MPEG-4 standard in 2001, but no new version of the Apple specification has been released since 2016. The QuickTime file format is well documented, ubiquitous, and there are open source tools available for transcoding. Therefore, it is recommended to retain as-is. MOV is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00393" ; rdfs:label "NF00393" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/quicktime" ; wikidata:p1195 "mov" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/384" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000052.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/QuickTime/QTFF/QTFFPreface/qtffPreface.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40000939" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/video/mov/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QuickTime#File_formats" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942350" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "QuickTime File Format (MOV)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FFmpeg """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MOV" ; . naraid:NF00394 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Raster Product Format (RPF) is a standard data structure container file used for geospatial raster data in either compressed or uncompressed forms. RPF was developed by the U. S. Military in 1994 and is specified as a military data exchange format in the Department of Defense standard MIL-STD-2411. The format has an open specification, however, the format may not be actively maintained. RPF files are recommended to be retained as-is. RPF is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00394" ; rdfs:label "NF00394" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-­ogc-­rpftoc" ; wikidata:p1195 "l41" ; wikidata:p1195 "ovr" ; wikidata:p1195 "toc" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000298.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GIS_file_formats" ; wikidata:p973 "https://gisgeography.com/gis-formats" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20200809234402/https://earth-info.nga.mil/publications/specs/printed/2411/2411_RPF.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27473042" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "Raster Product Format" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; . naraid:NF00395 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Used primarily for system-related and ephemeral purposes, such as icons, screen-grabs, and passing of bit-mapped images between Windows applications. Bitmaps are not usually delivered to the public; it is unclear if the files represent software specific functions or represent raster image files. It is unclear if files characterized as \"Raw Bitmap\" are the same as \"Windows Bitmap Raw Stream.\"" ; dcterms:identifier "NF00395" ; rdfs:label "NF00395" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/bmp" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-bmp" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-ms-bmp" ; wikidata:p1195 "raw" ; wikidata:p1195 "rgb" ; wikidata:p1195 "yuv" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/185" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMP_file_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/bmp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/gdi/bitmap-storage" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34289060" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Raw Bitmap" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Raw_bitmap" ; . naraid:NF00396 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "RealMedia (RM) is a container that can package RealVideo (RV) and RealAudio (RA). The .RM extension was used for video with or without audio until version 11, when .RV became the default extension. RealVideo is a suite of proprietary streaming video compression formats supported on many platforms. RealVideo was initially released in 1997 by RealNetworks based on the H.264 format, but RealVideo 8 was released in 2000 with several proprietary video codecs. RealVideo has never officially been discontinued, but there are no open specifications for the codecs, it is proprietary, and has cross compatibility issues. There are open source tools available for transcoding and replay. Since the format is proprietary, NARA recommends transforming to AVI for video and combined components, or to MP3 or WAV for audio components." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00396" ; rdfs:label "NF00396" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.rn-realmedia" ; wikidata:p1195 "rm" ; wikidata:p1195 "rmf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/190" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000050.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/audio/wma/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RealMedia" ; wikidata:p973 "https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-heftagaub-rmff-00" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20200804180859/https://www.helixcommunity.org/projects/common/2003/HCS_SDK_r5/htmfiles/rmff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1075962" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "RealMedia" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to AVI for video components and MP3 or WAV for audio components" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/RealMedia" ; . naraid:NF00397 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "RealMedia Metafile or RealAudio Metadata (RAM) is a flat file containing a list of proprietary RealAudio (RA) media URLs or audio files to be used as a playlist for the Real player. RAM was released in 1995 by RealNetworks, Inc. RAM files are similar to M3U formats which have no formal specifications as a plain text file and do not contain audio bitstreams. RAM is loosely defined as proprietary since it is part of the RealMedia suite. Therefore, it is recommended to transform RAM files to CSV. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00397" ; rdfs:label "NF00397" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-pn-realaudio" ; wikidata:p1195 "ram" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/183" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000050.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#RAM" ; wikidata:p973 "https://blogs.loc.gov/thesignal/2019/05/in-the-librarys-web-archives-us-government-audio-on-shuffle/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/video/rm/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74021019" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "RealMedia metafile" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/RAM_(RealAudio)" ; . naraid:NF00398 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Rich Text Format (RTF) is a document file format. RTF was initially released in 1987 by Microsoft and was continually maintained along with later versions until the last version in 2008 for cross-platform document interchange among Microsoft products. RTF version 1.0 was released in 1987 with an update in 1992 and has an open specification. The 1992 revision supported Microsoft Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) and Windows Metafile. RTF is widely-supported by non-Microsoft applications, even though it is a proprietary format. Most word processors can read and write RTF files, and are encoded using plain text, most often 7-bit ASCII, with runs of text with non-ASCII characters requiring conversion to appropriate code values. Due to the proprietary nature of the original format, transformation to PDF is recommended as well as retaining the original." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00398" ; rdfs:label "NF00398" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/rtf" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/rtf" ; wikidata:p1195 "rtf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/45" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000473.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://latex2rtf.sourceforge.net/RTF-Spec-1.0.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://latex2rtf.sourceforge.net/RTF-Spec-1.0.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29944758" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Rich Text Format 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF and retain original" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; . naraid:NF00399 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "SAS (previously \"Statistical Analysis System\") is a software suite that can mine, alter, manage and retrieve data from a variety of sources and perform statistical analysis on it. The software suite has more than 200 components. SSD files are dataset files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00399" ; rdfs:label "NF00399" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-sas-data" ; wikidata:p1195 "ssd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/355" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAS_(software)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52063281" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "SAS Data File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. This file format may require the Base SAS software to open SSD files and it is unclear if which versions of the files can be converted to another format even in that software; current versions seem to only support back to versions 4.1 and later. The is a SAS Free University Version includes Base SAS. Stat/Transfer is a tool that can reportedly deal with several versions of SSD files, including DOS." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:ssd" ; . naraid:NF00400 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "SAS (previously \"Statistical Analysis System\") is a software suite that can mine, alter, manage and retrieve data from a variety of sources and perform statistical analysis on it. The software suite has more than 200 components. SSD files are dataset files. The original DOS software version is no longer supported by the manufacturer or sold in the marketplace, but current versions are available." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00400" ; rdfs:label "NF00400" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-sas-data" ; wikidata:p1195 "ssd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/356" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAS_(software)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52063295" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "SAS for MS-DOS Database" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. This file format may require the Base SAS software to open SSD files and it is unclear if which versions of the files can be converted to another format even in that software; current versions seem to only support back to versions 4.1 and later. The is a SAS Free University Version includes Base SAS. Stat/Transfer is a tool that can reportedly deal with several versions of SSD files, including DOS." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:ssd" ; . naraid:NF00401 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Scalable Vector Graphics format (SVG) 1.0 is an XML-based language for two-dimensional vector and vector/raster graphics. SVG 1.0 is the first version of the format, which was recommended by the WC3 in September 2001 and replaced by a SVG 1.1 recommendation in January 2003. SVG has an open format specification and has been widely adopted. Because the XML is easily rendered and human-readable, it is recommended to retain as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00401" ; rdfs:label "NF00401" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/svg+xml" ; wikidata:p1195 "svg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/91" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000515.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalable_Vector_Graphics" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-SVG-20010904/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123002751" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Scalable Vector Graphics 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Scalable_Vector_Graphics" ; . naraid:NF00402 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Scalable Vector Graphics format (SVG) 1.1 is an XML-based language for two-dimensional vector and vector/raster graphics. SVG 1.1 was recommended by the WC3 as a replacement for its predecessor version, SVG 1.0, in January 2003. This version included updates to incorporate previously-published errata for version 1.0, as well as introduced modularization of SVG, improve readability of the standard, and decrease ambiguity. SVG has an open format specification and has been widely adopted. Because the XML is easily rendered and human-readable, it is recommended to retain as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00402" ; rdfs:label "NF00402" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/svg+xml" ; wikidata:p1195 "svg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/92" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000020.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalable_Vector_Graphics" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123002780" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Scalable Vector Graphics 1.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Scalable_Vector_Graphics" ; . naraid:NF00403 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Scalable Vector Graphics format (SVG) Tiny 1.2 is an XML-based language for two-dimensional vector graphics and vector graphics that have been combined with raster graphics and multimedia. SVG Tiny 1.2 was recommended by the WC3 in December 2008 and was developed to bring the format to a wider variety of computing environments, including mobile devices such as cell phones and personal digital assistants (PDAs). SVG has an open format specification and has been widely adopted. Because the XML is easily rendered and human-readable, it is recommended to retain as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00403" ; rdfs:label "NF00403" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/svg+xml" ; wikidata:p1195 "svg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/413" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000043.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalable_Vector_Graphics" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/SVGTiny12/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58630708" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Scalable Vector Graphics Tiny 1.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Scalable_Vector_Graphics" ; . naraid:NF00404 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Schedule+ was a planning and contact application that was released with Microsoft Office 95 in 1995. It was effectively discontinued with the introduction of Microsoft Outlook in 1997, but was still available with limited features through Microsoft Office 2003. The SCD file extension is associated with the Contacts feature of the application. The format is poorly documented and has Microsoft Exchange dependencies along with proprietary licensing. Transformation to CSV is recommended." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00404" ; rdfs:label "NF00404" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-schedule" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-msschedule" ; wikidata:p1195 "scd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/99" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Schedule_Plus" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/19980120130955/http://www.microsoft.com/products/prodref/136_ov.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20220815212703/https://kb.iu.edu/d/ahyz" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51718267" ; nara:category naraid:Calendars ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Schedule+ Contacts" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """These files must be opened in Microsoft Schedule+ software; even within the software there may be no way to convert them to another format. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:scd" ; . naraid:NF00405 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Also known as Scitex Continuous Tone. This is a proprietary raster image format associated with Scitex computers, but is also supported in Adobe Photoshop, Adobe InDesign, and QuarkXPress. SCT files are generally integrated into high-quality prepress workflows requiring large file size design files. Further research is required to see if these files can be transformed into another format while retaining essential characteristics." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00405" ; rdfs:label "NF00405" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "ch" ; wikidata:p1195 "ct" ; wikidata:p1195 "sct" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/146" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scitex_CT" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/sct" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20140711150035/http://oreilly.com/www/centers/gff/formats/scitex/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7434105" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Scitex CT Image" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly TIFF or JPEG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Scitex_CT" ; . naraid:NF00406 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Software-Independent Archiving of Relational Databases (SIARD) 1.0 is a file format for storing the contents of relational databases in a vendor-neutral format for digital preservation. A SIARD file is a ZIP archive containing an XML file that describes the database structure, as well as XML files for the table contents. There may also be additional text or binary files for large objects. The format was developed by the Swiss Federal Archives, and version 1.0 was released in September 2008. The SIARD format is not proprietary and has a published, open specification. NARA recommends retaining as-is. SIARD is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00406" ; rdfs:label "NF00406" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/xml+zip" ; wikidata:p1195 "siard" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/161" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000426.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://dilcis.eu/content-types/siard" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_preservation#SIARD" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27861463" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "SIARD 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """DBPTK Database Preservation Toolkit """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SIARD" ; . naraid:NF00407 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Sound Designer II (SD2 or SDII) is a proprietary Macintosh-only audio file created by the Sound Designer audio recording and editing software. Digidesign released Sound Designer I in 1984 and released Sound Designer II in 1989. Sound Designer I only creates monophonic file formats (.SD), while Designer II files can be either monophonic or stereophonic (.SD2). SD2 is not well documented, the format is not supported on Windows, and there are limited options for conversion. If possible, SD2 files should be transformed to WAV. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00407" ; rdfs:label "NF00407" ; wikidata:p1195 "sd2" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/209" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avid_Audio" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20100302031525/http://www.riverpast.com/en/support/tutorials/convert/sd2/aif.php" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59961716" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Sound Designer II Audio File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to WAV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Audacity """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SoundDesigner_II" ; . naraid:NF00408 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS) is a standard used to transfer earth-referenced spatial data between systems. SDTS specifies exchange constructs such as format, structure, and content, for spatially referenced vector and raster (including gridded) data. The specification for SDTS was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey and released as an ANSI standard in 1998. In 2014 it was withdrawn by the Federal Geographic Data Committee and recommended to be replaced with Geography Markup Language (GML). While SDTS had open specifications, it is no longer the primary format choice within the community. Therefore, it is recommended to transform SDTS files: raster data to TIFF and vector data to Shapefile. SDTS is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00408" ; rdfs:label "NF00408" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-­ogc-­sdts" ; wikidata:p1195 "ddf" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000286.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_Data_Transfer_Standard" ; wikidata:p973 "https://spatialreserves.wordpress.com/2018/04/02/spatial-data-converter-for-dlg-files" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20161208010908/http://mcmcweb.er.usgs.gov/sdts/standard.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q95994804" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform raster data to TIFF and transform vector data to Shapefile" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SDTS" ; . naraid:NF00409 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data (STEP) is a file format for 3D objects and models that is used for data exchange between computer-assisted design (CAD) programs. STEP files are encoded as ASCII p21 text files. STEP is one of the ISO 10303 family of standards, with its several hundred parts released in phases starting in 1994. Most major tools support the STEP Application Protocol. With open specifications and being a plain text format, STEP files are recommended to be retained as-is. STEP is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00409" ; rdfs:label "NF00409" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "p21" ; wikidata:p1195 "step" ; wikidata:p1195 "stp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/698" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000448.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_10303-21" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/step" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/63141.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3509055" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data (STEP)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper; FreeCAD """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/STEP" ; . naraid:NF00410 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) is a document markup language originally designed to enable the sharing of machine-readable large-project documents in government, law, and industry. The first draft of the SGML standard was published in 1980, and it was standardized as an ISO standard in 1986. SGML is encoded as plain text and uses Document Type Definitions (DTDs) to define the specifics of a particular markup format. It has largely been replaced by use of XML, however some tools still exist for authoring SGML. Due to the open specification and that it is a plain text format, NARA recommends retaining SGML as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00410" ; rdfs:label "NF00410" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/sgml" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/sgml" ; wikidata:p1195 "sgm" ; wikidata:p1195 "sgml" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/195" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000465.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Generalized_Markup_Language" ; wikidata:p973 "https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1874" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207819" ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SGML" ; . naraid:NF00411 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00411" ; rdfs:label "NF00411" ; wikidata:p1195 "sum" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Checksum File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; . naraid:NF00412 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Stationery for Apple Mail was an email stationery file created and used by Apple Mail starting with Mac OS X Leopard (10.5) and deprecated in MacOS Mojave (10.14). Stationery files are made up of a graphic design, such as .JPG, .PNG, and .HTML files, that are connected to the email file through description in the .plist properties. This is a proprietary add-on to email messages that can only be viewed as designed in Apple Mail, though the graphic element might be viewable in many image viewers and the email should be able to be opened in a text editor. Without further testing, Stationery files should be retained for future assessment." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00412" ; rdfs:label "NF00412" ; wikidata:p1195 "doc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/131" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Mail" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51801746" ; nara:category naraid:Email ; nara:formatName "Stationery for Apple Mail" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Assess ; nara:preservationPlan "Further research is required" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Apple Mail """ ; . naraid:NF00413 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The STATISTICA Report format (.str) is used for storing reports generated by the STATISTICA software with rich text formatting. STATISTICA is data analysis, mining, and visualization software developed by StatSoft and maintained by TIBCO Software. STATISTICA was developed in 1984 as PsychoStat, went through several transformations, and became STATISTICA in 1991. More research is required to understand differences between releases and whether these affect the STATISTICA Report format. The STATISTICA Report format is a proprietary version of the RTF format, though it does not significantly differ from RTF, and should be converted to PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00413" ; rdfs:label "NF00413" ; wikidata:p1195 "str" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/210" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistica" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34746769" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Statistica Report File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Controlled Image Base (CIB); Compressed ARC Digitized Raster (CADRG); Digital Point Positioning Data Base (DPPDB) """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Statistica" ; . naraid:NF00415 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The format is very uncommon though well documented. It is not an ASCII or XML-based format so cannot be opened with text editors. It is a transparent format created to exchange arbitrary data between computers and is self-documenting, so migration is not needed." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00415" ; rdfs:label "NF00415" ; wikidata:p1195 "sdxf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/245" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SDXF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3072.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357193" ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "Structured Data eXchange Format" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Further research is required """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SDXF" ; . naraid:NF00416 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "SQL (Structured Query Language) is a database query language. SQL is frequently encountered in the form of plain text files sent to databases by programs in other languages, but it is a programming language in its own right with constructs sufficient to create large and complicated routines. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00416" ; rdfs:label "NF00416" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "sql" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/206" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.contrib.andrew.cmu.edu/~shadow/sql/sql1992.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" ; wikidata:p973 "https://webstore.ansi.org/Standards/ISO/ISOIEC90752011" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47607" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Structured Query Language" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SQL" ; . naraid:NF00417 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Sun Raster is a proprietary raster image file format used on Sun operating systems in the 1980s. It can be uncompressed or compressed with RLE compressions. Sun Raster is an obsolete format that should be converted to a standard TIFF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00417" ; rdfs:label "NF00417" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-cmu-raster" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-sun-raster" ; wikidata:p1195 "im1" ; wikidata:p1195 "im24" ; wikidata:p1195 "im32" ; wikidata:p1195 "im8" ; wikidata:p1195 "ras" ; wikidata:p1195 "rs" ; wikidata:p1195 "scr" ; wikidata:p1195 "sr" ; wikidata:p1195 "sun" ; wikidata:p1195 "sunras" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/184" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/sunraster/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.martinreddy.net/gfx/2d/RAS.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Raster" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17138473" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Sun Raster Image" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Sun_Raster" ; . naraid:NF00418 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Tab separated values (TSV) is a simple, text-based format for storing tab-delimited data. TSV is similar to CSV, with records separated by newlines; however, in TSV, values are separated by tab characters rather than commas. TSV is openly documented and broadly adopted. It is recommended to retain TSV files as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00418" ; rdfs:label "NF00418" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/tab-separated-values" ; wikidata:p1195 "tab" ; wikidata:p1195 "tsv" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/13" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000533.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tab-separated_values" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/text/tab-separated-values" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3513566" ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "Tab Separated Values" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice; Microsoft Excel """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Tab_delimited" ; . naraid:NF00419 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) version 1-6 is a wrapper that can store one or multiple raster graphics images. TIFFs support multiple internal encodings for lossy or lossless compression. The structure of TIFF files is organized into three internal primary sections, Image File Header (IFH), Image File Directory (IFD), and bitmap image data. When a TIFF contains multiple images, each image has a separate IFD. TIFF was developed by Aldus Corporation in 1986 and was bought by Adobe in 1994. The initial version was released in 1986 as Revision 3.0 since the first two were only drafts; version 4.0 was released in 1987; version 5 was released in 1988, and version 6 was released in 1992. TIFF revision 6 is fully documented, and earlier versions of the format are conformant to TIFF 6.0. Since TIFF is widely adopted with software available for rendering, these files can be retained as-is. TIFF versions 4-6 are considered preferred formats per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00419" ; rdfs:label "NF00419" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/tiff" ; wikidata:p1195 "tif" ; wikidata:p1195 "tiff" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/353" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000022.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://jhove.sourceforge.net/tiff-hul.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/tiff/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TIFF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20210108073850/https://www.adobe.io/open/standards/TIFF.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/6/64/TIFF_Assessment_v1.3.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27231654" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) 1-6" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/TIFF" ; . naraid:NF00420 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Tagged Image File Format for Electronic Photography (TIFF/EP) is a digital image format standard, based on subsets of the TIFF version 6.0 and EXIF standards. TIFF/EP files are valid TIFF 6.0. TIFF/EP was intended to be a camera RAW image format but was not widely adopted by camera manufacturers, however it formed the basis for Adobe's Digital Negative (DNG) file format. It is an open standard and was first published by ISO in 2001. In most cases, it is recommended to retain TIFF/EP as-is, as they are valid TIFF 6.0 and there is software available for rendering." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00420" ; rdfs:label "NF00420" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/tiff" ; wikidata:p1195 "tif" ; wikidata:p1195 "tiff" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/154" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000073.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TIFF/EP" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/29377.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7670377" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Tagged Image File Format for Electronic Photography (TIFF/EP)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/TIFF/EP" ; . naraid:NF00421 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Tagged Image File Format for Image Technology (TIFF/IT) is a raster image file format intended for exchange of prepress electronic data to support high-quality printing. It is based on TIFF version 6.0, however TIFF/IT files are not necessarily valid TIFF 6.0. TIFF/IT defines eight different image files, usually including Final Page (FP), Continuous Tone image (CT), Line Work Image (LW), and High Resolution Continuous-Tone files (HC); and also defining Monochrome Continuous-Tone Picture images (MP), Binary Picture images (BP), Binary Line-Art images, (BL), and Screened Data (SD). TIFF/IT is an open standard and was first published by ISO in 1996. Currently, NARA retains TIFF/IT for future assessment; conversion to TIFF 6.0 may be considered on a case-by-case basis." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00421" ; rdfs:label "NF00421" ; wikidata:p1195 "bl" ; wikidata:p1195 "bp" ; wikidata:p1195 "ct" ; wikidata:p1195 "fp" ; wikidata:p1195 "hc" ; wikidata:p1195 "lw" ; wikidata:p1195 "mp" ; wikidata:p1195 "sd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/153" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000072.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TIFF#TIFF/IT" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/34342.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.prepressure.com/library/file-formats/tiffit" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28207384" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Tagged Image File Format for Image Technology (TIFF/IT)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Assess ; nara:preservationPlan "Further research is required, possibly transform to TIFF 6.0" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/TIFF/IT" ; . naraid:NF00422 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Tagged Image File Format for Internet Fax (TIFF-FX, TIFF for Fax eXtended) is a file format that enables standardized fax messages over the internet. It is based on TIFF version 6.0 and was developed in part by Xerox. TIFF-FX is compatible with ITU-T Recommendations for Group 3 black-and-white, grayscale, and color fax. The specification is openly available and was first published in 1998. At this time, further research is required by NARA in processing TIFF-FX files, but tentatively it is recommended to transform into TIFF 6.0." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00422" ; rdfs:label "NF00422" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/tiff-fx" ; wikidata:p1195 "tfx" ; wikidata:p1195 "tif" ; wikidata:p1195 "tiff" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/156" ; wikidata:p973 "https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3949" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TIFF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3250" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28207379" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Tagged Image File Format for Internet Fax (TIFF-FX)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Assess ; nara:preservationPlan "Further research is required, possibly transform to TIFF 6.0" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/TIFF-FX" ; . naraid:NF00423 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "TAR is a command line utility which produces a compressed binary archive container file format commonly called a tarball. TAR was introduced for the Unix operating system in 1979 but is now supported cross-platform. Early versions of TAR formats were inconsistent but were standardized as POSIX.1-1988 (ustar) and POSIX.1-2001 (pax). The version most commonly supported now is GNU tar, which is codified but not a formal standard. Each archive file contains a set of objects comprising the content files and metadata including checksums, compression algorithms can vary. The format is non-proprietary, and there are published standards and open specifications. The format is actively maintained and updated by an organization, and tools exist to read TAR files. NARA recommends to retain TAR files as-is, but also extract files from the container." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00423" ; rdfs:label "NF00423" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-tar" ; wikidata:p1195 "tar" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/265" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000531.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/compression/tar/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/tar_(computing)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/tar/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual/html_node/Standard.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q283579" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Tape Archive Format (TAR)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain but extract files from the container" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """WinZip """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Tar" ; . naraid:NF00424 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A temporary file or temp file is a file created to hold information while a file's being created or modified. After the program is closed, the temporary file is deleted. Temporary files store and move data, manage settings, help recover lost data, and manage multiple users. Some programs create temporary files and then leave them behind, which can happen because the program crashed or the developer of the program simply forgot to add the code needed to delete the temporary files after the program is done with them. The temporary files left behind can accumulate over time and consume disk space. They can be binary or plain text, depending on the application. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00424" ; rdfs:label "NF00424" ; wikidata:p1195 "temp" ; wikidata:p1195 "tmp" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporary_file" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426674" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Temp file" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Temporary_files" ; . naraid:NF00425 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "TerraGo Geospatial PDF (GeoPDF) is a PDF with embedded geospatial information created by Adobe Acrobat with additional TerraGo software plug-ins. TerraGo Geospatial PDFs are a proprietary format without an open specification, but TerraGo claims that the files are compliant with PDF standards as described in ISO 32000 and with georegistration encoding mechanisms published by either the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) or Adobe. GeoPDF is in common use in the federal government and the files may be rendered with readily-available software, so transformation is not necessary. TerraGo Geospatial PDF is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00425" ; rdfs:label "NF00425" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000522.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geospatial_PDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.agc.army.mil/Media/Fact-Sheets/Fact-Sheet-Article-View/Article/480911/geospatial-portable-document-format-geopdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5533911" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "TerraGo Geospatial PDF" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; . naraid:NF00426 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Retain until additional options are identified, additional research is needed on this format. TIGERLines are downloadable from Census directly using FTP and can be viewed within ArcGIS. The file format is not well documented, only older versions of the AVID software (Pro Tools) allow for conversion. There are a very small number of files in the holdings and there are limited tools available for transformation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00426" ; rdfs:label "NF00426" ; wikidata:p1195 "dlg" ; wikidata:p1195 "e00" ; wikidata:p1195 "ft#" ; wikidata:p1195 "rt#" ; wikidata:p1195 "shp" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topologically_Integrated_Geographic_Encoding_and_Referencing" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20241202155410/https://www2.census.gov/geo/pdfs/maps-data/data/tiger/tgrshp2024/TGRSHP2024_TechDoc.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/tiger-line-file.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2384319" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "Topologically Integrated Geographic and Encoding Referencing Files (TIGERLine)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Assess ; nara:preservationPlan "Further research is required" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; . naraid:NF00427 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "TrueType is an outline font standard developed by Apple as a competitor to Adobe's Type 1 fonts used in PostScript. It has become the most common format for fonts on the MacOS and Microsoft Windows operating systems, although Mac OS X and Microsoft Windows also include native support for Adobe's Type 1 format and the OpenType extension to TrueType. A TrueType font is a binary file containing a number of tables with a directory of tables at the start of the file. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00427" ; rdfs:label "NF00427" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-font-ttf" ; wikidata:p1195 "ttf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/453" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.truetype-typography.com/tthist.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://developer.apple.com/fonts/TrueType-Reference-Manual/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrueType" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q751800" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "TrueType Font" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/TTF" ; . naraid:NF00428 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Developed by Truevision, Inc. in the 1980s, TGA (also known as \"Targa\") is a raster image file format. It is still used in animation and video industries. TGA files are most often uncompressed, but can also be compressed with lossless RLE compression. TGA is a proprietary format that should be converted to a standard TIFF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00428" ; rdfs:label "NF00428" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-targa" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-tga" ; wikidata:p1195 "icb" ; wikidata:p1195 "tga" ; wikidata:p1195 "vda" ; wikidata:p1195 "vst" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/367" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000179.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.martinreddy.net/gfx/2d/TGA.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/tga/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truevision_TGA" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/tga/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123003172" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Truevision TGA 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/TGA" ; . naraid:NF00430 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "URL files are shortcuts which hold the link to a web page. URL shortcut files are plain text files Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00430" ; rdfs:label "NF00430" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/internet-shortcut" ; wikidata:p1195 "url" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/454" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortcut_(computing)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28758114" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Uniform Resource Locator Shortcut File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Internet_Shortcut" ; . naraid:NF00431 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Universal 3D (U3D) is a binary format for storing compressed 3D data of any kind to facilitate data exchange. U3D was developed by the 3D Industry Forum consortium in 2004. It was standardized by Ecma International in 2005 as ECMA-363. U3D files can also be embedded into PDFs. With open specifications and tools available, NARA recommends retaining U3D files as-is. U3D is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00431" ; rdfs:label "NF00431" ; wikidata:p1163 "model/u3d" ; wikidata:p1195 "u3d" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/702" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000491.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://ecma-international.org/publications-and-standards/standards/ecma-363/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_3D" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/u3d" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q974182" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Universal 3D" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; Global Mapper; Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/U3D" ; . naraid:NF00432 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "vCard, also known as VCF (Virtual Contact File), is a file format standard for electronic business cards. They can contain name and address information, telephone numbers, e-mail addresses, URLs, graphics, photographs, and audio clips. The data in these files should be fairly standard and easy to extract to a CSV file, provided the record layout is somehow preserved. The VCF format is well-supported in apps and programs on both desktop (Windows, Mac, Linux) and mobile platforms (Android, iOS, Windows). Unfortunately, some programs have difficulties with reading VCF files that contain more than one contact. The VCF files are natively launched in Windows Contacts program. Other than that, many 3rd party apps support vCard format and can read or import contacts from it. Contacts in vCard format can be converted to several suitable formats, for example CSV. Most personal information management software can do this." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00432" ; rdfs:label "NF00432" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/directory" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/vcard" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/x-vcard" ; wikidata:p1195 "vcard" ; wikidata:p1195 "vcf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/395" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000616.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6350" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VCard" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q305941" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "vCard" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Windows Contacts; Microsoft Excel """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/VCard" ; . naraid:NF00433 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Vector Product Format is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance. The file format is well documented, and a standard used by the US armed forces. The standard has not changed since 1996, so this format should be monitored for continued support." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00433" ; rdfs:label "NF00433" ; wikidata:p1195 "Connected Node Spatial Index" ; wikidata:p1195 "Primitive" ; wikidata:p1195 "csi" ; wikidata:p1195 "dht" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000302.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://everyspec.com/MIL-STD/MIL-STD-2000-2999/MIL-STD-2407_6900/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://desktop.arcgis.com/en/arcmap/latest/tools/coverage-toolbox/the-vector-product-format.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_Product_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7917813" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "Vector Product Format" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME """ ; . naraid:NF00434 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Ventura Publisher was desktop publishing software that is no longer supported. The .pub extension was for publications." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00434" ; rdfs:label "NF00434" ; wikidata:p1195 "pub" ; wikidata:p973 "http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/bits/Xerox/Ventura/doc/Xerox_Ventura_Publisher_2.0_Reference_Guide_1988.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.bitsavers.org/bits/Xerox/Ventura/doc/610E03760_Ventura_Publisher_1.1_Reference_1987.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corel_Ventura" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Ventura Publisher - Publications file" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Ventura PUB files appear to require the original software and later versions do not cleanly upgrade files from older versions. Ventura has the ability to export to PDF, but earlier versions of the software may not have this option." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ventura_Publisher" ; "Files identified by the .pub extension may be Ventura Publisher or Microsoft Publisher. Further identification is required." ; . naraid:NF00435 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "VisiCalc, derived from \"visible calculator,\" was a spreadsheet program for personal computing with a user-friendly interface. The native file format consisted of commands and data elements and loading a file would pipe the data into the input stream of the software. VisiCalc could also save files in Data Interchange Format for data exchange with other programs and platforms. VisiCalc was released in 1979 and lost popularity with the 1983 release of Lotus 1-2-3. Lotus purchased VisiCalc in 1985 and ceased selling the software; VisiCalc is considered obsolete and there is limited support for the file format. At this time, further research is required by NARA on processing VisiCalc files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00435" ; rdfs:label "NF00435" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "vc" ; wikidata:p1195 "vcs" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VisiCalc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83489235" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "VisiCalc" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV if possible, otherwise retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools; further research is required on a case-by-case basis. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/VisiCalc" ; . naraid:NF00436 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation. Vista Pro is no longer sold or supported in the marketplace. It will require testing to find a transformation tool and identify the feasible target format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00436" ; rdfs:label "NF00436" ; wikidata:p1195 "dem" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/369" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VistaPro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52425808" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Vista Pro Graphics" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly PDF or KML" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Further research is required """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:dem" ; . naraid:NF00437 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Video Object (VOB) is a proprietary container file format used in DVDs for digital audio, digital video, subtitles, and DVD menu data. VOB files are an extension of part of the MPEG-2 Program Stream standard and are only used by the consumer video format DVD-Video. DVD-Video was released by DVD Forum in 1997; the DVD Forum disbanded and no longer requires licensing agreements as of January 2025. Due to the lack of support and lack of a full published specification, VOB files should be converted to AVI. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00437" ; rdfs:label "NF00437" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/dvd" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/mpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "vob" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/425" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000028.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.mpucoder.com/DVD/vobov.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/video/vob/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VOB" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1884715" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "Video Object" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to AVI" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; HandBrake; VLC """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/VOB" ; . naraid:NF00438 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Waveform Audio File Format (WAVE or WAV) is an audio container that stores audio bitstreams. WAVE was released in 1991 by IBM and Microsoft and based on the Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF). Linear Pulse Code Modulated Audio (LPCM) is an uncompressed linear audio signal used for CD and DVDs. LPCM was first used digitally in 1967 by the Japanese Broadcasting Corporation NHK and was first used on a CD in 1982. For this file format, WAVE is the wrapper around the LPCM sound bitstream. While WAVE is proprietary, it is fully documented with open source tools available for transcoding. Therefore, it is recommended to retain as-is. Waveform Audio File with an LPCM audio codec is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00438" ; rdfs:label "NF00438" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/vnd.wave" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/wav" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/wave" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-pn-wav" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-wav" ; wikidata:p1195 "wav" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000002.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www-mmsp.ece.mcgill.ca/Documents/AudioFormats/WAVE/WAVE.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/audio/wav/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/4/46/WAV_Assessment_v1.0.pdf" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Waveform Audio File Format (WAVE) with LPCM Audio" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Audacity """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/RAW_(Audio)" ; . naraid:NF00439 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Web ARChive (WARC) is a container archive format that specifies a method for aggregating multiple digital resources. It is the predominant format for web archives in use by the international web archiving community. WARC is the successor to the ARC file format and allows for the capture of more metadata and better long-term management of web archives. WARCs are commonly compressed with gzip and have a .warc.gz extension. It was developed through the International Internet Preservation Consortium and WARC 1.0 was standardized by ISO in 2009. Web archives in general should never be migrated, as that would change the fundamental linkages and functionality of web objects. WARC 1.0 is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00439" ; rdfs:label "NF00439" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/warc" ; wikidata:p1195 "warc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1355" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000236.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://archive-it.org/blog/post/the-stack-warc-file/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_ARChive" ; wikidata:p973 "https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.0/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7978505" ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Web ARChive (WARC) 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """pywb or OpenWayback for the processing of the WARC contents """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WARC" ; . naraid:NF00440 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "An autorun.inf file is a file that can be used by the AutoRun and AutoPlay components of Microsoft Windows operating systems to control the installation of drivers and other software. Though it looks like a configuration file, it is used more like a setup script. It is a plain text file divided into different types of formatted sections, with each section designed for a particular purpose; for example, to copy files or to add entries to the registry. Because Windows executed code embedded in autorun.inf files without first prompting the user it provided a convenient way to propagate malware, so it was removed from Windows in 2008. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00440" ; rdfs:label "NF00440" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-inf" ; wikidata:p1195 "autorun.inf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/331" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autorun.inf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/desktop/legacy/cc144206(v=vs.85)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q684554" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Windows Autorun Configuration File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/INF_(Windows)" ; . naraid:NF00441 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Used primarily for system-related and ephemeral purposes, such as icons, screen-grabs, and passing of bit-mapped images between Windows applications. Bitmaps are not usually delivered to the public; it is unclear if the files represent software specific functions or represent raster image files. Bitmaps could have been created in Microsoft Paint/Paintbrush." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00441" ; rdfs:label "NF00441" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/bmp" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-bmp" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-ms-bmp" ; wikidata:p1195 "bmp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/114" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/bmp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMP_file_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/bmp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/gdi/device-dependent-bitmaps" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.drdobbs.com/architecture-and-design/the-bmp-file-format-part-1/184409517" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27596100" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Windows Bitmap 1.0 / Windows Device-Dependent Bitmap" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Windows_DDB" ; . naraid:NF00442 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Used primarily for system-related and ephemeral purposes, such as icons, screen-grabs, and passing of bit-mapped images between Windows applications. Bitmaps are not usually delivered to the public; it is unclear if the files represent software specific functions or represent raster image files. Bitmaps could have been created in Microsoft Paint/Paintbrush." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00442" ; rdfs:label "NF00442" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/bmp" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-bmp" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-ms-bmp" ; wikidata:p1195 "bmp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/116" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/bmp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMP_file_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/bmp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/gdi/bitmap-storage" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.drdobbs.com/architecture-and-design/the-bmp-file-format-part-1/184409517" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27596243" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Windows Bitmap 3.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/BMP#Windows_BMP_v3" ; . naraid:NF00443 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Used primarily for system-related and ephemeral purposes, such as icons, screen-grabs, and passing of bit-mapped images between Windows applications. Bitmaps are not usually delivered to the public; it is unclear if the files represent software specific functions or represent raster image files. Bitmaps could have been created in Microsoft Paint/Paintbrush." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00443" ; rdfs:label "NF00443" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/bmp" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-bmp" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-ms-bmp" ; wikidata:p1195 "bmp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/117" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/bmp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMP_file_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/bmp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/gdi/bitmap-storage" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.drdobbs.com/architecture-and-design/the-bmp-file-format-part-1/184409517" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63061679" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Windows Bitmap 3.x NT" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/BMP#Windows_BMP_v3" ; . naraid:NF00445 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Cabinet (or CAB) is an archive-file format for Microsoft Windows that supports lossless data compression and embedded digital certificates used for maintaining archive integrity. CAB files may be created with DEFLATE, Quantum, or LZX compression algorithms, or with no compression at all. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files. Microsoft Windows supports extracting the contents of a CAB archive files using File Explorer, Setup API, and using the command-line commands expand.exe and extract.exe. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00445" ; rdfs:label "NF00445" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-cab-compressed" ; wikidata:p1195 "cab" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/414" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabinet_(file_format)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/bb267310(v=vs.85)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194831" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Windows Cabinet File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain but extract files from the container" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Windows File Explorer; Setup API; Command Prompt; WinZip """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:cab" ; . naraid:NF00446 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Windows Media Audio (WMA) is a proprietary set of audio codecs and their corresponding audio coding formats developed by Microsoft in 1999. WMA audio is stored in the proprietary Microsoft Advanced Systems Format (ASF) container. There are four WMA sub-format codecs: Windows Media Audio (WMA), Windows Media Audio Professional (WMA Pro), Windows Media Audio Lossless (WMA Lossless) and Windows Media Audio Voice (WMA Voice). In 2003, Microsoft released new Windows Media Audio version 9 codecs that were not compatible with the original WMA. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which versions of codec has been used; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family. WMA is proprietary with open specifications and open source tools are available for transcoding. It is recommended to retain WMA files as-is. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00446" ; rdfs:label "NF00446" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-ms-wma" ; wikidata:p1195 "wma" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/132" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000027.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/audio/wma/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Media_Audio" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/medfound/windowsmediaaudioencoder" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2194" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Windows Media Audio with unspecified codec" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WMA" ; "A number of Windows Media Audio files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00446 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00447 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Windows Media Video 9 (WMV) is a proprietary set of video codecs and their corresponding video coding formats developed by Microsoft in 1999. There are 3 codecs for this standard, this version of the format uses the WMV3 codec. WMV video is stored in the proprietary Microsoft Advanced Systems Format (ASF) container. The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) developed the VC-1 standard based on WMV Windows Media Video 9 (aka WMV9) in 2003. Files using the WMV3 codec are fully compliant with the Simple and Main profiles of VC-1. WMV files have an open specification, however there are concerns related to the application of digital rights management. Even though Windows Media Video with Windows Media Video 9 (VC-1) Codec is an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance, it is recommended to transform WMV files to AVI for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00447" ; rdfs:label "NF00447" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/x-ms-wmv" ; wikidata:p1195 "wmv" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000095.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/video/wmv/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Media_Video" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/medfound/windowsmediavideo9encoder" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1999018" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "Windows Media Video with Windows Media Video 9 (VC-1) Codec" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to AVI" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player with ASF codec """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WMV" ; . naraid:NF00448 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Windows Metafile (WMF) files are used to store vector and bitmap-format image data as Microsoft Windows Graphics Device Interface (GDI) commands instead of a graphics format. WMF can also be zipped/compressed as a WMZ file. WMF was originally included in the Microsoft Windows 3.0 (1990) and 3.1 (1992) operating systems, but was no longer supported as of Windows NT 3.1 in 1993. A partial specification was released in 1992; an open specification was released in 2007 that is actively maintained, but the format is proprietary. Therefore, NARA recommends transformation to JPEG." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00448" ; rdfs:label "NF00448" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/wmf" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-wmf" ; wikidata:p1195 "wmf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/119" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/wmf/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/wmf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Metafile" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-wmf/4813e7fd-52d0-4f42-965f-228c8b7488d2" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1072083" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Windows Metafile" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to JPEG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Windows_Metafile" ; . naraid:NF00449 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The New Executable (abbreviated NE or NewEXE) is a 16-bit .exe file format, a successor to the DOS MZ executable format. It was used in Windows 1.0-3.x, multitasking MS-DOS 4.0, OS/2 1.x, and the OS/2 subset of Windows NT up to version 5.0 (Windows 2000). Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00449" ; rdfs:label "NF00449" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-dosexec" ; wikidata:p1195 "cpl" ; wikidata:p1195 "dll" ; wikidata:p1195 "drv" ; wikidata:p1195 "exe" ; wikidata:p1195 "scr" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/410" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Executable" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.osdev.org/NE" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4045294" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Windows New Executable file" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/NE" ; . naraid:NF00450 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "INF, or Windows Setup Information File, is a kind of INI file used by Microsoft Windows to control the installation of drivers and other software. Though it looks like a configuration file, it is used more like a setup script. It is a plain text file divided into different types of formatted sections, with each section designed for a particular purpose; for example, to copy files or to add entries to the registry. Number and type of sections in an INF file depends on the particular installation procedure. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00450" ; rdfs:label "NF00450" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/inf" ; wikidata:p1195 "inf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/420" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INF_file" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/setupapi/about-inf-files" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16996920" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Windows Setup Information File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Windows OS """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/INF_(Windows)" ; . naraid:NF00451 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "LNK is a file extension for a Microsoft Windows binary shortcut file, a Link that points to an executable file. LNK files contain some basic properties such as the path to the executable file and the \"Start-In\" directory. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00451" ; rdfs:label "NF00451" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-ms-shortcut" ; wikidata:p1195 "lnk" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/428" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000596.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://formats.kaitai.io/windows_lnk_file/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortcut_(computing)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/lnk/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-shllink/16cb4ca1-9339-4d0c-a68d-bf1d6cc0f943" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29000599" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Windows Shortcut" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Windows OS """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:lnk" ; . naraid:NF00452 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "WordPerfect is a proprietary word processing application currently owned by Corel Corporation. Versions after 6.0 (6.1 and later) are well-documented but not currently supported. Conversion via open source or commercial applications to alternative formats is possible, but challenging, special attention must be paid to fonts and encryption. Conversions are likely to be imperfect. Support for conversion from WPD is provided by an actively maintained (Openhub, 2014) open source library: libwpd (libwpd, 2014). Corel supports a number of WordPerfect viewers (including for mobile devices) as well as the latest WordPerfect application itself." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00452" ; rdfs:label "NF00452" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.wordperfect" ; wikidata:p1195 "doc" ; wikidata:p1195 "w60" ; wikidata:p1195 "wp" ; wikidata:p1195 "wp6" ; wikidata:p1195 "wpd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/892" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats//fdd/fdd000621.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; wikidata:p973 "https://harvardwiki.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/digitalpreservation/pages/48136692/Word+Processing+Formats" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "WordPerfect 6.x-onwards for Windows" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODT" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; . naraid:NF00453 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "WordPerfect is a proprietary word processing application currently owned by Corel Corporation. This version is well-documented but not currently supported. Conversion via open source or commercial applications to alternative formats is possible, but challenging, special attention must be paid to fonts and encryption. Conversions are likely to be imperfect. Support for conversion from WPD is provided by an actively maintained (Openhub, 2014) open source library: libwpd (libwpd, 2014). Corel supports a number of WordPerfect viewers (including for mobile devices) as well as the latest WordPerfect application itself." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00453" ; rdfs:label "NF00453" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.wordperfect" ; wikidata:p1195 "doc" ; wikidata:p1195 "w51" ; wikidata:p1195 "wp" ; wikidata:p1195 "wp5" ; wikidata:p1195 "wpd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/394" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats//fdd/fdd000621.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; wikidata:p973 "https://harvardwiki.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/digitalpreservation/pages/48136692/Word+Processing+Formats" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73019664" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "WordPerfect 5.1 for DOS/Windows" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODT" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; . naraid:NF00454 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "WordPerfect is a proprietary word processing application currently owned by Corel Corporation. This version is well-documented but not currently supported. Conversion via open source or commercial applications to alternative formats is possible, but challenging, special attention must be paid to fonts and encryption. Conversions are likely to be imperfect. Support for conversion from WPD is provided by an actively maintained (Openhub, 2014) open source library: libwpd (libwpd, 2014). Corel supports a number of WordPerfect viewers (including for mobile devices) as well as the latest WordPerfect application itself." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00454" ; rdfs:label "NF00454" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.wordperfect" ; wikidata:p1195 "w52" ; wikidata:p1195 "wp" ; wikidata:p1195 "wp5" ; wikidata:p1195 "wpd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/203" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats//fdd/fdd000621.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; wikidata:p973 "https://harvardwiki.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/digitalpreservation/pages/48136692/Word+Processing+Formats" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48551303" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "WordPerfect 5.2 for Windows" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODT" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; . naraid:NF00455 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "WordPerfect is a proprietary word processing application currently owned by Corel Corporation. This version is well-documented but not currently supported. Conversion via open source or commercial applications to alternative formats is possible, but challenging, special attention must be paid to fonts and encryption. Conversions are likely to be imperfect. Support for conversion from WPD is provided by an actively maintained (Openhub, 2014) open source library: libwpd (libwpd, 2014). Corel supports a number of WordPerfect viewers (including for mobile devices) as well as the latest WordPerfect application itself." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00455" ; rdfs:label "NF00455" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.wordperfect" ; wikidata:p1195 "doc" ; wikidata:p1195 "w50" ; wikidata:p1195 "wp" ; wikidata:p1195 "wp5" ; wikidata:p1195 "wpd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/393" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats//fdd/fdd000621.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; wikidata:p973 "https://harvardwiki.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/digitalpreservation/pages/48136692/Word+Processing+Formats" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61641450" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "WordPerfect 5.0 for DOS" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODT" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; . naraid:NF00456 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "WordPerfect is a proprietary word processing application currently owned by Corel Corporation.The version is well-documented but not currently supported. Secondary files are critical to MailMerge and other operations and supported primary files through storage of addresses, keyboard text, etc. Corel supports a number of Wordperfect viewers (including for mobile devices) as well as the latest Wordperfect application itself." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00456" ; rdfs:label "NF00456" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.wordperfect" ; wikidata:p1195 "wpd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/43" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62664735" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "WordPerfect Secondary File 5.1/5.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODT" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; . naraid:NF00457 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Write for Windows Document file format (WRI) is a text file format that is a subset of the Rich Text Format. It was developed by Microsoft for use with its Microsoft Write word processor as part of the Windows operating system and was included in Windows 1.0 through Windows NT 3.51. Files with the WRI extension were most commonly associated with Windows 3.0 and earlier versions. In 1992, Microsoft Write 3.1 introduced OLE (Object Linking and Embedding) capability, meaning text documents could allow embedding as well as linking to other objects which can negatively impact and/or limit future interoperability. The Microsoft Write word processor was replaced by WordPad as part of Windows95. Given that WRI is an outdated proprietary format that is no longer supported, transformation to .DOC, .DOCX, or .ODT is recommended although additional research is needed to determine the optimal format for rendering WRI files as accurately as possible." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00457" ; rdfs:label "NF00457" ; wikidata:p1195 "wri" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/12" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.cnet.com/products/a-write-for-windows-3-0" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60615282" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Write for Windows 3.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODT" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Write" ; . naraid:NF00458 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "ZIP is an archive file format that supports lossless data compression. This format was originally created in 1989 and was first implemented in PKWARE, Inc.'s PKZIP utility as a replacement for the previous ARC compression format by Thom Henderson. Over the years a few variants of the ZIP format have been introduced by other companies, variants that were not necessarily fully compatible with any particular ZIP_PK version, with the differences often being related to timing of introduction of new features, such as support for long file names or stronger encryption. The format is non-proprietary, has a published open specification, is actively maintained and updated by an organization or community, and many tools exist to create and read ZIP files. NARA recommends to retain ZIP files as-is, but also extract files from the container." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00458" ; rdfs:label "NF00458" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/zip" ; wikidata:p1195 "zip" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/263" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000354.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://formats.kaitai.io/zip/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/compression/zip/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zip_(file_format)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/zip/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://pkware.cachefly.net/webdocs/casestudies/APPNOTE.TXT" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136218" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "ZIP archive" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain but extract files from the container" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "WinZip" ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/ZIP" ; . naraid:NF00459 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF/X is a subtype of PDF, created for the exchange of preprint graphics data. The specification places greater restrictions than baseline PDF, and there are various conformance levels within the PDF/X standard. PDF/A is a more sustainable, identified preservation format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00459" ; rdfs:label "NF00459" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/147" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000124.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/X" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/f/ff/PDF_Assessment_v1.5.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/39939.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29946810" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format/Exchange (PDF/X) version 2:2003" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF/A" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00462 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Digital Cinema Package (DCP) is a container format used for digital cinema exhibition. It encompasses the compressed picture track using JPEG 2000 and the uncompressed PSM audio track, resulting in a compressed DCP package that can be uncompressed. DCP includes an XML file for metadata and Materials Exchange Format (MXF) files. DCP is only used for distribution, is fully disclosed, and can easily be created with a variety of software programs. Digital Cinema Initiatives, LLC developed DCP in 2005, and have published more than one version since then and continue to maintain documentation and standards. It is recommended to retain DCP files as-is since they are the highest quality standard format for digital cinema exhibition and are used frequently in the field." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00462" ; rdfs:label "NF00462" ; wikidata:p1195 "dcp" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000200.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Cinema_Package" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.dcimovies.com/specification/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2581328" ; nara:category naraid:Cinema ; nara:formatName "Digital Cinema Package (DCP)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """openDCP; easyDCP; Dolby/Doremi Cine Assist; NeoDCP """ ; . naraid:NF00463 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe InDesign (.INDD, .IND, .INDT) is a professional desktop publishing program. The software was developed in 1999 as the successor to Aldus PageMaker, which had been acquired by Adobe in 1994. It is used to create print documents such as books, magazines, and brochures; files contain formatting and graphics elements and linked images. InDesign CS2, released in 2005, added integration with Adobe Bridge, added object styles to specify the appearance of a box or other item type, and had better PDF export support. Adobe InDesign is a proprietary format and should be converted to PDF for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00463" ; rdfs:label "NF00463" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-adobe-indesign" ; wikidata:p1195 "ind" ; wikidata:p1195 "indd" ; wikidata:p1195 "indt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/548" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_InDesign" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47493509" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Adobe InDesign Document CS2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe InDesign """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/INDD" ; . naraid:NF00464 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe InDesign (.INDD, .IND, .INDT) is a professional desktop publishing program. The software was developed in 1999 as the successor to Aldus PageMaker, which had been acquired by Adobe in 1994. It is used to create print documents such as books, magazines, and brochures; files contain formatting and graphics elements and linked images. InDesign CS3, released in 2007, added numerous creative effects such as feathers, shadows, and glows, and had better text and typography control. Adobe InDesign is a proprietary format and should be converted to PDF for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00464" ; rdfs:label "NF00464" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-adobe-indesign" ; wikidata:p1195 "ind" ; wikidata:p1195 "indd" ; wikidata:p1195 "indt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/549" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_InDesign" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47493614" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Adobe InDesign Document CS3" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe InDesign """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/INDD" ; . naraid:NF00465 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe InDesign (.INDD, .IND, .INDT) is a professional desktop publishing program. The software was developed in 1999 as the successor to Aldus PageMaker, which had been acquired by Adobe in 1994. It is used to create print documents such as books, magazines, and brochures; files contain formatting and graphics elements and linked images. InDesign CS4, released in 2008, contained support for interactive documents and had better support for cross-references. Adobe InDesign is a proprietary format and should be converted to PDF for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00465" ; rdfs:label "NF00465" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-adobe-indesign" ; wikidata:p1195 "ind" ; wikidata:p1195 "indd" ; wikidata:p1195 "indt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/550" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_InDesign" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47493619" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Adobe InDesign Document CS4" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe InDesign """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/INDD" ; . naraid:NF00466 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe InDesign (.INDD, .IND, .INDT) is a professional desktop publishing program. The software was developed in 1999 as the successor to Aldus PageMaker, which had been acquired by Adobe in 1994. It is used to create print documents such as books, magazines, and brochures; files contain formatting and graphics elements and linked images. InDesign CS5, released in 2010, added a new panel for splitting documents into layers and added a span/split columns feature for text. Adobe InDesign is a proprietary format and should be converted to PDF for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00466" ; rdfs:label "NF00466" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-adobe-indesign" ; wikidata:p1195 "ind" ; wikidata:p1195 "indd" ; wikidata:p1195 "indt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/551" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_InDesign" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47493628" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Adobe InDesign Document CS5" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe InDesign """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/INDD" ; . naraid:NF00467 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe InDesign (.INDD, .IND, .INDT) is a professional desktop publishing program. The software was developed in 1999 as the successor to Aldus PageMaker, which had been acquired by Adobe in 1994. It is used to create print documents such as books, magazines, and brochures; files contain formatting and graphics elements and linked images. InDesign CS6, released in 2012, added a feature called Liquid Layout that adapts layouts for multiple page sizes, orientations, or devices. It was the last version to support PageMaker documents. Adobe InDesign is a proprietary format and should be converted to PDF for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00467" ; rdfs:label "NF00467" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-adobe-indesign" ; wikidata:p1195 "ind" ; wikidata:p1195 "indd" ; wikidata:p1195 "indt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/552" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_InDesign" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47493633" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Adobe InDesign Document CS6" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe InDesign """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/INDD" ; . naraid:NF00468 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Canon RAW (CRW, Camera Image File Format) is a raw image format native to some early Canon digital cameras. It was released in 1997 and was superseded by Canon's CR2 format by 2004. Like many camera raw formats, it is proprietary but based on TIFF. Raw image files contain unprocessed or minimally processed digital camera image sensor data. To view the raw files, the output from the image sensor must be converted to a photographic rendering (processed) and stored in a viewable raster graphics format such as TIFF or JPEG. Processing may occur in the camera or through a raw file converter. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transforming to Digital Negative Format (DNG) for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00468" ; rdfs:label "NF00468" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-canon-crw" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-raw-canon" ; wikidata:p1195 "crw" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/593" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000241.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://exiftool.sourceforge.net/TagNames/Canon.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camera_Image_File_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20081230095207/http://xyrion.org/ciff/CIFFspecV1R04.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3651247" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Canon RAW (CRW)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to DNG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop with Camera RAW; Adobe DNG Converter; ExifTool """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Camera_Image_File_Format" ; . naraid:NF00469 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Canon RAW 2 (CR2) is a raw image format native to Canon digital cameras. It was released in 2001 and by 2004 had superseded the Canon RAW (CRW) format. CR2 has since been superseded by Canon RAW 3 (CR3). Like many camera raw formats, it is proprietary but based on TIFF and a reverse-engineered specification is available. Raw image files contain unprocessed or minimally processed digital camera image sensor data. To view the raw files, the output from the image sensor must be converted to a photographic rendering (processed) and stored in a viewable raster graphics format such as TIFF or JPEG. Processing may occur in the camera or through a raw file converter. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transforming to Digital Negative Format (DNG) for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00469" ; rdfs:label "NF00469" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-canon-cr2" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-raw-canon" ; wikidata:p1195 "cr2" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/592" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000241.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://lclevy.free.fr/cr2/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27866048" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Canon RAW 2 (CR2)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to DNG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop with Camera RAW; Adobe DNG Converter; ExifTool """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Canon_RAW_2" ; . naraid:NF00470 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "FujiFilm RAW (RAF) is a raw image format which consists of unprocessed data that was captured by a Fujifilm digital camera's image sensor. While RAW files are now widespread across digital cameras, the RAF format is proprietary and specific to FujiFilm cameras. RAF files can be rendered by a variety of image editing programs, although some image editors may require format conversion before they can display the entirety of multi-image RAF files, such as HDR (\"High Dynamic Range\") RAF files. Because this format is proprietary, not an industry standard, and does not have an open format specification, conversion to DNG is recommended. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00470" ; rdfs:label "NF00470" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-raw-fuji" ; wikidata:p1195 "raf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/642" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000241.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://exiftool.sourceforge.net/TagNames/FujiFilm.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_image_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28205335" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "FujiFilm RAW" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to DNG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop with Camera RAW; Adobe DNG Converter; ExifTool; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Fujifilm_RAF" ; . naraid:NF00471 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Kodak Digital Camera Format (KDC) is a camera file format initially developed by Kodak for its DC-Series and P-Series \"Digital Science\" cameras. First introduced in 1995, KDC files may store bitmap images (DC-Series) or camera RAW images (P-Series). Like many camera raw formats, the P-Series version of KDC is proprietary but based on TIFF. Raw image files contain unprocessed or minimally processed digital camera image sensor data. The cameras were bundled with cables and Kodak PhotoEnhancer software specifically to upload and edit KDC files. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transforming to Digital Negative Format (DNG) for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00471" ; rdfs:label "NF00471" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-raw-kodak" ; wikidata:p1195 "kdc" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000241.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://exiftool.sourceforge.net/TagNames/Kodak.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_image_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28205360" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Kodak Digital Camera Format (KDC)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to DNG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop with Camera RAW; Adobe DNG Converter; ExifTool; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Kodak" ; . naraid:NF00472 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Kodak Digital Camera RAW (DCR) is a raw image format which contains uncompressed image data. DCR is based upon the Tagged Image File Format (TIFF), but is proprietary and does not have a published, open specification. DCR files are specific to Kodak digital cameras, but they can be rendered with a variety of commercially available image editing programs. Because this format is proprietary, not an industry standard, and does not have an open format specification, conversion to Digital Negative Format (DNG) is recommended. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00472" ; rdfs:label "NF00472" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-kodak-dcr" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-raw-kodak" ; wikidata:p1195 "dcr" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/192" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000241.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://exiftool.sourceforge.net/TagNames/Kodak.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_image_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28205367" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Kodak Digital Camera RAW (DCR)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to DNG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop with Camera RAW; Adobe DNG Converter; ExifTool; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Kodak" ; . naraid:NF00473 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Nikon RAW (NRW) is a raw image format native to Nikon COOLPIX digital cameras. It is similar to Nikon Electronic Format (NEF) but NEF is produced by DSLR cameras rather than COOLPIX. Like many camera raw formats, NRW is proprietary but based on TIFF. Raw image files contain unprocessed or minimally processed digital camera image sensor data. NRW files are 12-bit and contain uncompressed image data. To view the raw files, the output from the image sensor must be converted to a photographic rendering (processed) and stored in a viewable raster graphics format such as TIFF or JPEG. Processing may occur in the camera or through a raw file converter. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transforming to Digital Negative Format (DNG) for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00473" ; rdfs:label "NF00473" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-raw-nikon" ; wikidata:p1195 "nrw" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000241.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://exiftool.sourceforge.net/TagNames/Nikon.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_image_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28205405" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Nikon RAW (NRW)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to DNG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop with Camera RAW; Adobe DNG Converter; ExifTool; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Nikon" ; . naraid:NF00474 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Olympus RAW (ORF) is a raw image format native to Olympus digital cameras. Like many camera raw formats, it is proprietary but based on TIFF. Raw image files contain unprocessed or minimally processed digital camera image sensor data. To view the raw files, the output from the image sensor must be converted to a photographic rendering (processed) and stored in a viewable raster graphics format such as TIFF or JPEG. Processing may occur in the camera or through a raw file converter. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transforming to Digital Negative Format (DNG) for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00474" ; rdfs:label "NF00474" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-raw-olympus" ; wikidata:p1195 "orf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/668" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000241.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://exiftool.sourceforge.net/TagNames/Olympus.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ORF_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7072922" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Olympus RAW" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to DNG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop with Camera RAW; Adobe DNG Converter; ExifTool; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Olympus_ORF" ; . naraid:NF00475 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Pentax RAW (Pentax PEF) is a raw image format native to Pentax digital cameras. Like many camera raw formats, it is proprietary but based on TIFF. Raw image files contain unprocessed or minimally processed digital camera image sensor data. To view the raw files, the output from the image sensor must be converted to a photographic rendering (processed) and stored in a viewable raster graphics format such as TIFF or JPEG. Processing may occur in the camera or through a raw file converter. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transforming to Digital Negative Format (DNG) for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00475" ; rdfs:label "NF00475" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/image/x-ptx" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-pentax-pef" ; wikidata:p1195 "pef" ; wikidata:p1195 "ptx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1781" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000241.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://exiftool.sourceforge.net/TagNames/Pentax.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_image_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3964876" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Pentax RAW" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to DNG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop with Camera RAW; Adobe DNG Converter; ExifTool; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Pentax_PEF" ; . naraid:NF00476 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Sigma RAW (X3F) is a raw image format native to Sigma digital cameras. Like many camera raw formats, it is proprietary. Raw image files contain unprocessed or minimally processed digital camera image sensor data. To view the raw files, the output from the image sensor must be converted to a photographic rendering (processed) and stored in a viewable raster graphics format such as TIFF or JPEG. Processing may occur in the camera or through a raw file converter. Sigma encrypts data that is necessary for processing the raw image file. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transforming to Digital Negative Format (DNG) for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00476" ; rdfs:label "NF00476" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-raw-sigma" ; wikidata:p1195 "x3f" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/661" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000241.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_image_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://exiftool.sourceforge.net/TagNames/Sigma.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28205445" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Sigma RAW" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to DNG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop with Camera RAW; Adobe DNG Converter; ExifTool; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/X3F" ; . naraid:NF00477 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Sony RAW (SRF) is a raw image format native to Sony digital cameras. The extension used for the version 1 of the format is .srf and version 2 of the format uses the .sr2 extension. Like many camera raw formats, it is proprietary but based on TIFF. Raw image files contain unprocessed or minimally processed digital camera image sensor data. Sony RAW files are uncompressed. To view the raw files, the output from the image sensor must be converted to a photographic rendering (processed) and stored in a viewable raster graphics format such as TIFF or JPEG. Processing may occur in the camera or through a raw file converter. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transforming to Digital Negative Format (DNG) for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00477" ; rdfs:label "NF00477" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-raw-sony" ; wikidata:p1195 "srf" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000241.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_image_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://exiftool.sourceforge.net/TagNames/Sony.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112796519" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Sony RAW (SRF)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to DNG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop with Camera RAW; Adobe DNG Converter; ExifTool; IrfanView """ ; . naraid:NF00478 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "CorelDRAW is a vector graphics editor that was initially released for Windows in 1989 by the Corel Corporation, now known as Alludo. With version 3, the program was expanded into a full graphics suite with vector illustration, page layout, and photo editing among the included capabilities. CorelDRAW 9 introduced a mesh fill tool, embedded ICC color profiles, and VBA 6 support. CorelDRAW 9 (CDR) files are no longer supported in current versions of the software. The CDR file format is proprietary with no publicly available specification and should be transformed into SVG." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00478" ; rdfs:label "NF00478" ; wikidata:p1195 "cdr" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/374" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CorelDRAW" ; wikidata:p973 "https://github.com/photopea/CDR-specification" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71856089" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "CorelDRAW 9" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; LibreOffice Draw """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/CorelDRAW" ; . naraid:NF00479 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation. It may not be possible to transform this format into anything other than static image or PDF files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00479" ; rdfs:label "NF00479" ; wikidata:p1195 "dw2" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/313" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48814699" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "DesignCAD for Windows Drawing" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Further research is required, possibly FME" ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:dw2" ; . naraid:NF00480 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Digital Negative Format (DNG) is Adobe's format intended for storing camera raw data, and also supports partly processed images (Linear DNG). DNG is a lossless format that is an extension of TIFF 6.0 and compatible with TIFF/EP. DNG files contain the main image data, metadata, and may also contain JPEG previews. Version 1.1 was released in 2005 to correct issues with version 1.0. The standard is openly available and currently maintained, with tools available for rendering DNG files. NARA transforms many other camera raw formats into DNG for preservation, and recommends retaining DNG as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00480" ; rdfs:label "NF00480" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/dng" ; wikidata:p1195 "dng" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/152" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000188.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://web.archive.org/web/20051108165239/http://www.adobe.com/products/dng/pdfs/dng_spec.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/dng/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Negative" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27866059" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Digital Negative Format 1.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop with Camera RAW; Adobe DNG Converter; ExifTool; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DNG" ; . naraid:NF00481 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Digital Negative Format (DNG) is Adobe's format intended for storing camera raw data, and also supports partly processed images (Linear DNG). DNG is a lossless format that is an extension of TIFF 6.0 and compatible with TIFF/EP. DNG files contain the main image data, metadata, and may also contain JPEG previews. Version 1.2 was released in 2008 and introduced a number of new features, such as new options for color specifications and supporting administrative control of Camera Profiles. The standard is openly available and currently maintained, with tools available for rendering DNG files. NARA transforms many other camera raw formats into DNG for preservation, and recommends retaining DNG as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00481" ; rdfs:label "NF00481" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/dng" ; wikidata:p1195 "dng" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/437" ; wikidata:p973 "http://web.archive.org/web/20090318105718/http://www.adobe.com/products/dng/pdfs/dng_spec.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/dng/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Negative" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27866061" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Digital Negative Format 1.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop with Camera RAW; Adobe DNG Converter; ExifTool; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DNG" ; . naraid:NF00482 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Digital Negative Format (DNG) is Adobe's format intended for storing camera raw data, and also supports partly processed images (Linear DNG). DNG is a lossless format that is an extension of TIFF 6.0 and compatible with TIFF/EP. DNG files contain the main image data, metadata, and may also contain JPEG previews. Version 1.3 was released in 2009, adding \"Opcodes\" which are algorithms that can be applied to some or all of the image data and executed during the raw conversion process. The standard is openly available and currently maintained, with tools available for rendering DNG files. NARA transforms many other camera raw formats into DNG for preservation, and recommends retaining DNG as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00482" ; rdfs:label "NF00482" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/dng" ; wikidata:p1195 "dng" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/438" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/dng/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Negative" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20220121022129/https://www.adobe.com/content/dam/acom/en/products/photoshop/pdfs/dng_spec.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27866062" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Digital Negative Format 1.3" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop with Camera RAW; Adobe DNG Converter; ExifTool; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DNG" ; . naraid:NF00483 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Digital Negative Format (DNG) is Adobe's format intended for storing camera raw data, and also supports partly processed images (Linear DNG). DNG is a lossless format that is an extension of TIFF 6.0 and compatible with TIFF/EP. DNG files contain the main image data, metadata, and may also contain JPEG previews. Version 1.4 was released in 2012, adding features such as floating point image data and additional tags. The standard is openly available and currently maintained, with tools available for rendering DNG files. NARA transforms many other camera raw formats into DNG for preservation, and recommends retaining DNG as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00483" ; rdfs:label "NF00483" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/dng" ; wikidata:p1195 "dng" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/730" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/dng/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Negative" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20210318191206/https://www.adobe.com/content/dam/acom/en/products/photoshop/pdfs/dng_spec_1.4.0.0.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27866063" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Digital Negative Format 1.4" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop with Camera RAW; Adobe DNG Converter; ExifTool; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DNG" ; . naraid:NF00484 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Encapsulated PostScript File Format 2.0 (EPS) is a PostScript page description file with an optional bitmap screen preview. Unlike a regular PostScript (PS) file, EPS 2.0 files were intended to be imported into another PostScript page description, usually as illustrations or graphics. EPS 2.0 is a proprietary format that was released by Adobe in 1989, although there is a published open specification. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transformation to PDF or TIFF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00484" ; rdfs:label "NF00484" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/postscript" ; wikidata:p1195 "eps" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/123" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000029.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encapsulated_PostScript" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20200722201614/https://hwiegman.home.xs4all.nl/fileformats/eps/adobe_EPSF2_0.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/eps/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48625328" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Encapsulated PostScript File Format 2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF or TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat; Adobe Illustrator; Adobe Photoshop; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/EPS" ; . naraid:NF00485 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Encapsulated PostScript File Format 3.0 (EPS) is a PostScript file that describes a single page. Unlike a regular PostScript (PS) file, EPS 3.0 files were intended to be imported into another PostScript page description, usually as illustrations or graphics. EPS 3.0 is a proprietary format that was released by Adobe in 1990, although the open specification wasn't published until 1992. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transformation to PDF or TIFF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00485" ; rdfs:label "NF00485" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/postscript" ; wikidata:p1195 "eps" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/124" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000246.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encapsulated_PostScript" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20200722201753/https://www.adobe.com/content/dam/acom/en/devnet/actionscript/articles/5002.EPSF_Spec.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/eps/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1047541" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Encapsulated PostScript File Format 3" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF or TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat; Adobe Illustrator; Adobe Photoshop; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/EPS" ; . naraid:NF00486 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Extensible 3D (X3D) XML 3.1 is part of the X3D format family, which provides an open standard for encoding representations of interactive 3D graphics and multimedia. It was the successor format to Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML). X3D XML files may optionally be gzip-compressed and use the .x3dz extension. The file format was published by the Web3D Consortium and standardized by ISO as amendment ISO/IEC 19776-1:2005/Amd1:2007. It was subsequently withdrawn and replaced by ISO/IEC 19776-1:2009. NARA recommends retaining X3D as-is, as the file format family is well-documented under an International Standard. X3D is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00486" ; rdfs:label "NF00486" ; wikidata:p1163 "model/x3d+xml" ; wikidata:p1195 "x3d" ; wikidata:p1195 "x3dz" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/580" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000490.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X3D" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/41241.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19776-1/V3.1/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q87190680" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Extensible 3D (X3D) XML 3.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/X3D" ; . naraid:NF00487 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Extensible 3D (X3D) XML 3.2 is part of the X3D format family, which provides an open standard for encoding representations of interactive 3D graphics and multimedia. It was the successor format to Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML). X3D XML files may optionally be gzip-compressed and use the .x3dz extension. The file format was published by the Web3D Consortium and submitted to the ISO for approval as ISO/IEC 19776-1:2009. It was subsequently withdrawn and replaced by ISO/IEC 19776-1:2015. NARA recommends retaining X3D as-is, as the file format family is well-documented under an International Standard. X3D is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00487" ; rdfs:label "NF00487" ; wikidata:p1163 "model/x3d+xml" ; wikidata:p1195 "x3d" ; wikidata:p1195 "x3dz" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/581" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000490.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X3D" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/60502.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19776-1/V3.2/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q87191228" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Extensible 3D (X3D) XML 3.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/X3D" ; . naraid:NF00488 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "FAX files are generally a variant of the TIFF format. Experimentation is needed to determine the best tool for opening and converting these files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00488" ; rdfs:label "NF00488" ; wikidata:p1195 "others" ; wikidata:p1195 "tiff" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-cmp/15" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000136.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_4_compression" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-T.6-198811-I/en" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000024.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17125070" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "CCITT T.6 Group 4 compression (Fax image file)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF or JPEG2000" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools; possible tools include Adobe Photoshop; Adobe Elements; GraphicsMagick; GNU Image Manipulation Program; ImageMagick """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/CCITT_Group_4" ; . naraid:NF00489 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Harvard Graphics Presentation for Windows (PRS) is the file format created in Windows versions 1 through 3 of the Harvard Graphics software from Software Publishing Corporation. A .prs file can contain a slideshow or presentation, often created with a pre-made template. Harvard Graphics was one of the first desktop programs that allowed users to incorporate text, graphs, charts, and images into slideshows. Originally software for MS-DOS, Harvard Graphics version 1 for Windows 3.0 was released in 1991, starting with version 4 for Windows 95/NT, the .prs format was replaced with .pr4. Harvard Graphics was fully discontinued in 2017. Harvard Graphics Presentation for Windows is proprietary, does not have a published open specification, and is not actively maintained and updated by an organization. Therefore, NARA recommends transforming these files into a more sustainable format, possibly PowerPoint." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00489" ; rdfs:label "NF00489" ; wikidata:p1195 "prs" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1491" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/harvard/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Graphics" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Harvard Graphics Presentation for Windows (PRS)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly PowerPoint" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Research indicates that the original Harvard Graphics software is required to convert Harvard Graphics files. There are no converters although Microsoft PowerPoint 97 may be able to import CHT, SHW, CH3, and SH3, but still requires the Harvard Graphics software. Harvard Graphics may be able to export files to another format. Corel Presentation can open PRS, SHW, and SH3 files. It may not be possible to convert SH3 files as they may be system files." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Harvard_Graphics" ; . naraid:NF00490 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Harvard Graphics Show 3.0 (SH3) files are slideshow presentations created in Harvard Graphics 3.0 for MS-DOS. Harvard Graphics was one of the first desktop programs that allowed users to incorporate text, graphs, charts, and images into slideshows. The first version, named Harvard Presentation Graphics, was released for MS-DOS in 1986 by Software Publishing Corporation. Version 3.0 for MS-DOS was released in 1991 and the .sh3 format in this version replaced the earlier .shw format. Harvard Graphics was fully discontinued in 2017. Harvard Graphics Show is proprietary, does not have a published open specification, and is not actively maintained and updated by an organization. Therefore, NARA recommends transforming these files into a more sustainable format, possibly PowerPoint." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00490" ; rdfs:label "NF00490" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "sh3" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/101" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/harvard/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Graphics" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51751659" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Harvard Graphics Show 3.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly PowerPoint" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Research indicates that the original Harvard Graphics software is required to convert Harvard Graphics files. There are no converters although Microsoft PowerPoint 97 may be able to import CHT, SHW, CH3, and SH3, but still requires the Harvard Graphics software. Harvard Graphics may be able to export files to another format. Corel Presentation can open PRS, SHW, and SH3 files. It may not be possible to convert SH3 files as they may be system files." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Harvard_Graphics" ; . naraid:NF00491 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "JPEG File Interchange Format (JFIF) 1.01 is an image file format that contains image data encoded with the JPEG algorithm and can have lossy compression. This file format is often referred to as JPEG, but JPEG is the encoding and JFIF is the file format. JFIF was developed by C-Cube Microsystems and Independent JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) group in 1991, and version 1.01 was released in 1992. Version 1.01 fixed a minor specification related to the spatial sampling relationship of components. JFIF 1.01 is a fully disclosed open standard and is widely adopted. NARA recommends retention of JFIF 1.01 files as-is since the files can be easily opened and the format is prevalent in the field." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00491" ; rdfs:label "NF00491" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/jpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpe" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/43" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000619.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/jpeg/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG_File_Interchange_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/jpeg/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://jpeg.org/jpeg/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26329502" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "JPEG File Interchange Format (JFIF) 1.01" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/JFIF" ; . naraid:NF00492 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "JPEG File Interchange Format (JFIF) 1.02 is an image file format that contains image data encoded with the JPEG algorithm and can have lossy compression. This file format is often referred to as JPEG, but JPEG is the encoding and JFIF is the file format. JFIF was developed by C-Cube Microsystems and Independent JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) group in 1991, and version 1.02 was released in 1992 shortly after version 1.01 came out. Version 1.02 supports more thumbnail formats than Version 1.01. JFIF 1.02 is a fully disclosed open standard, is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance, and is widely adopted. NARA recommends retention of JFIF 1.02 files as-is since the files can easily be opened and the format is prevalent in the field." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00492" ; rdfs:label "NF00492" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/jpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpe" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/44" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000018.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/jpeg/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG_File_Interchange_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/jpeg/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://jpeg.org/jpeg/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20120301195630/http:/www.jpeg.org/public/jfif.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1676669" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "JPEG File Interchange Format (JFIF) 1.02" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/JFIF" ; . naraid:NF00493 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) Raw Stream is a JPEG encoding bitstream sequence for images. Raw is defined as an uncompressed image data that is normally proprietary from the specific camera model the image or footage came from. In 1992, when C-Cube Microsystems published the specification for JFIF (JPEG File Interchange Format), JFIF encapsulated the JPEG bitstream. Those JPEG bitstreams can be transmitted or exchanged as Raw and JPEG files can contain the Raw JPEG bitstream within it. In this instance, JPEG/JFIF acts as a wrapper and Raw is the internal bitstream. Since the wrapper JFIF/JPEG is a fully disclosed open standard and widely adopted in the community, the files should be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00493" ; rdfs:label "NF00493" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/jpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpe" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/41" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000017.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/jpeg/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/18902.html" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "JPEG Raw Stream" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/JPEG" ; . naraid:NF00494 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Access is a desktop database management system. Access was built on the JET (Joint Engine Technology) Database Engine and was first released in 1992. Microsoft Access 2010 was released in 2010 and introduced the Access Web service that served as a user interface for databases on a SharePoint 2010 server. Versions of Access from 2007 use the .accdb format, which changed significantly from version to version. Microsoft Access is a proprietary file format and while Microsoft does not provide specifications, programming access through Open Database Connectivity and Visual Basic for Applications allows for an understanding of the file format. While Access 2010 files may be opened in current versions of the program, they should be transformed to SIARD or CSV because they are proprietary." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00494" ; rdfs:label "NF00494" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-msaccess" ; wikidata:p1195 "accdb" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000463.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://jabakobob.net/mdb/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Access" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fmsinc.com/MicrosoftAccess/history/features.htm" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Access 2010" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to SIARD or CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """DBPTK Database Preservation Toolkit """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Access" ; . naraid:NF00495 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Access is a desktop database management system. Access was built on the JET (Joint Engine Technology) Database Engine and was first released in 1992. Microsoft Access 2013 was released in 2013 with the new Office 365 suite, and updated the Access Web architecture to true SQL Server databases. Versions of Access from 2007 use the .accdb format, which changed significantly from version to version. Microsoft Access is a proprietary file format and while Microsoft does not provide specifications, programming access through Open Database Connectivity and Visual Basic for Applications allows for an understanding of the file format. While Access 2013 files may be opened in current versions of the program, they should be transformed to SIARD or CSV because they are proprietary." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00495" ; rdfs:label "NF00495" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-msaccess" ; wikidata:p1195 "accdb" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000463.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Access" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fmsinc.com/MicrosoftAccess/history/features.htm" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Access 2013" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to SIARD or CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """DBPTK Database Preservation Toolkit """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Access" ; . naraid:NF00496 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Access is a desktop database management system. Access was built on the JET (Joint Engine Technology) Database Engine and was first released in 1992. Microsoft Access 2016 was released in 2015 and introduced the Big Integer large number data type. With the subscription model in Office 365 and continuous releases of new features, compatibility between versions of the program may be broken depending on the features used in each file. Versions of Access from 2007 use the .accdb format, which changed significantly from version to version. Microsoft Access is a proprietary file format and while Microsoft does not provide specifications, programming access through Open Database Connectivity and Visual Basic for Applications allows for an understanding of the file format. While Access 2016 files may be opened in current versions of the program, they should be transformed to SIARD or CSV because they are proprietary." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00496" ; rdfs:label "NF00496" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-msaccess" ; wikidata:p1195 "accdb" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000463.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Access" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fmsinc.com/MicrosoftAccess/history/features.htm" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Access 2016" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to SIARD or CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """DBPTK Database Preservation Toolkit """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Access" ; . naraid:NF00497 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Access is a desktop database management system. Access was built on the JET (Joint Engine Technology) Database Engine and was first released in 1992. Microsoft Access 2019 was released in 2018. With the subscription model in Office 365 and continuous releases of new features, compatibility between versions of the program may be broken depending on the features used in each file. Versions of Access from 2007 use the .accdb format, which changed significantly from version to version. Microsoft Access is a proprietary file format and while Microsoft does not provide specifications, programming access through Open Database Connectivity and Visual Basic for Applications allows for an understanding of the file format. While Access 2019 files may be opened in current versions of the program, they should be transformed to SIARD or CSV because they are proprietary." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00497" ; rdfs:label "NF00497" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-msaccess" ; wikidata:p1195 "accdb" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000463.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Access" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fmsinc.com/MicrosoftAccess/history/features.htm" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Access 2019" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to SIARD or CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """DBPTK Database Preservation Toolkit """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Access" ; . naraid:NF00498 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Access is a desktop database management system. Access was built on the JET (Joint Engine Technology) Database Engine and was first released in 1992. Microsoft Access 2.0 was released in 1994 for Windows 3.1 and included an example database. Versions of Access before 2007 use the .mdb format, which changed significantly from version to version. Microsoft Access is a proprietary file format and while Microsoft does not provide specifications, programming access through Open Database Connectivity and Visual Basic for Applications allows for an understanding of the file format. Because support for Access 2.0 files was dropped with Access 2010, these files should be transformed to SIARD or CSV." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00498" ; rdfs:label "NF00498" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-msaccess" ; wikidata:p1195 "mdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/66" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000462.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Access" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fmsinc.com/MicrosoftAccess/history/features.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48004607" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Access 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to SIARD or CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """DBPTK Database Preservation Toolkit """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Access" ; . naraid:NF00499 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Access is a desktop database management system. Access was built on the JET (Joint Engine Technology) Database Engine and was first released in 1992. Microsoft Access 95, also known as Access 7.0, was released in 1995 as part of the Microsoft Office Professional Suite. Limitations on the JET Engine meant that these files could not be opened on workstations with over 1 GB of RAM. Versions of Access before 2007 use the .mdb format, which changed significantly from version to version. Microsoft Access is a proprietary file format and while Microsoft does not provide specifications, programming access through Open Database Connectivity and Visual Basic for Applications allows for an understanding of the file format. Because support for Access 95 files was dropped with Access 2013, these files should be transformed to SIARD or CSV." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00499" ; rdfs:label "NF00499" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-msaccess" ; wikidata:p1195 "mdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/238" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000462.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Access" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fmsinc.com/MicrosoftAccess/history/features.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48004869" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Access 95" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to SIARD or CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """DBPTK Database Preservation Toolkit """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Access" ; . naraid:NF00500 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Enhanced Metafile (EMF) format is a vector graphic file. EMF is an improvement on the Windows Metafile Format (WMF). EMF stores 32-bit RGB image data in a series of records for rendering on a display or for output to a printer. EMF was developed and released in 1992 with Windows NT 3.1, and there is not readily available information on what distinguishes EMF 2.0 from EMF 1.0. Two of the main improvements over WMF are 1) support for 32-bit data (WMF is limited to 16-bit) and 2) its device-independence, meaning the graphic looks the same regardless of the device on which it is viewed. The format is proprietary, but has a published open specification, and is actively maintained. NARA recommends retaining EMF files as-is, or as necessary converting to a TBD vector graphics format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00500" ; rdfs:label "NF00500" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-msmetafile" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/emf" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-emf" ; wikidata:p1195 "emf" ; wikidata:p1195 "emz" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/344" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Metafile#Variants" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/emf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-emf/91c257d7-c39d-4a36-9b1f-63e3f73d30ca" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122947259" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Enhanced Metafile 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain, or as necessary transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Enhanced_Metafile" ; . naraid:NF00501 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Enhanced Metafile (EMF) format is a vector graphic file. EMF is an improvement on the Windows Metafile Format (WMF). EMF stores 32-bit RGB image data in a series of records for rendering on a display or for output to a printer. EMF was developed and released in 1992 with Windows NT 3.1, and there is not readily available information on what distinguishes EMF 3.0 from EMF 2.0. Two of the main improvements over WMF are 1) support for 32-bit data (WMF is limited to 16-bit) and 2) its device-independence, meaning the graphic looks the same regardless of the device on which it is viewed. The format is proprietary, but has a published open specification, and is actively maintained. NARA recommends retaining EMF files as-is, or as necessary converting to a TBD vector graphics format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00501" ; rdfs:label "NF00501" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-msmetafile" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/emf" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-emf" ; wikidata:p1195 "emf" ; wikidata:p1195 "emz" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/345" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Metafile#Variants" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/emf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-emf/91c257d7-c39d-4a36-9b1f-63e3f73d30ca" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122947391" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Enhanced Metafile 3.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain, or as necessary transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Enhanced_Metafile" ; . naraid:NF00502 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "OpenXPS (Open XML Paper Specification) is an open page description language and document format. It has been available since Windows 8. XPS and OXPS are not compatible. NARA may want to investigate whether OXPS could be an acceptable format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00502" ; rdfs:label "NF00502" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/oxps" ; wikidata:p1195 "oxps" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/657" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000513.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://ecma-international.org/publications-and-standards/standards/ecma-388/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_XML_Paper_Specification" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q977900" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Open XML Paper Specification" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Assess ; nara:preservationPlan "Further research is required, possibly transform to PDF, or retain as OXPS" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Windows XPS Viewer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/OpenXPS" ; . naraid:NF00503 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00503" ; rdfs:label "NF00503" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.visio" ; wikidata:p1195 "vsd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/258" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Visio" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/vsd" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48692225" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Visio Drawing 2000" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Visio; LibreOffice Draw """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Visio" ; . naraid:NF00504 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00504" ; rdfs:label "NF00504" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.visio" ; wikidata:p1195 "vsd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/259" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Visio" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/vsd" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48692391" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Visio Drawing 2002" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Visio; LibreOffice Draw """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Visio" ; . naraid:NF00505 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00505" ; rdfs:label "NF00505" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.visio" ; wikidata:p1195 "vsd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/443" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Visio" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/vsd" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61990494" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Visio Drawing 2003-2010" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Visio; LibreOffice Draw """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Visio" ; . naraid:NF00506 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00506" ; rdfs:label "NF00506" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.visio" ; wikidata:p1195 "vsd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/113" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Visio" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/vsd" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51789800" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Visio Drawing 5.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Visio; LibreOffice Draw """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Visio" ; . naraid:NF00507 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, is an open ZIP-compressed XML-based file format specification for office applications. The format is considered preferred per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00507" ; rdfs:label "NF00507" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text" ; wikidata:p1195 "fodt" ; wikidata:p1195 "odt" ; wikidata:p1195 "ott" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/290" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000427.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.1/OS/OpenDocument-v1.1-html/OpenDocument-v1.1.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/word-processing/odt/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/open_document_format/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/c/c6/ODT_Assessment-v1.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27203404" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "OpenDocument Text 1.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer; Microsoft Word """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/OpenDocument_Text" ; . naraid:NF00508 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, is an open ZIP-compressed XML-based file format specification for office applications. The format is considered preferred per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00508" ; rdfs:label "NF00508" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text" ; wikidata:p1195 "fodt" ; wikidata:p1195 "odt" ; wikidata:p1195 "ott" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/291" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000428.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.2/os/OpenDocument-v1.2-os.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/word-processing/odt/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/open_document_format/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/c/c6/ODT_Assessment-v1.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27203601" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "OpenDocument Text 1.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer; Microsoft Word """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/OpenDocument_Text" ; . naraid:NF00509 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, is an open ZIP-compressed XML-based file format specification for office applications. ODG files contain vector graphics that have been saved using XML formatting specifications. The format is considered preferred per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00509" ; rdfs:label "NF00509" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template" ; wikidata:p1195 "fodg" ; wikidata:p1195 "odg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/296" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000247.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.1/OS/OpenDocument-v1.1-html/OpenDocument-v1.1.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/odg" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/open_document_format/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27225797" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "OpenDocument Graphics 1.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Draw """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/OpenDocument_Drawing" ; . naraid:NF00510 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, is an open ZIP-compressed XML-based file format specification for office applications. ODG files contain vector graphics that have been saved using XML formatting specifications. The format is considered preferred per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00510" ; rdfs:label "NF00510" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template" ; wikidata:p1195 "fodg" ; wikidata:p1195 "odg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/297" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000436.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.2/os/OpenDocument-v1.2-os.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/odg" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/open_document_format/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27225801" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "OpenDocument Graphics 1.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Draw """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/OpenDocument_Drawing" ; . naraid:NF00511 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, is an open ZIP-compressed XML-based file format specification for office applications. The format is considered preferred per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00511" ; rdfs:label "NF00511" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation" ; wikidata:p1195 "fodp" ; wikidata:p1195 "odp" ; wikidata:p1195 "otp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/292" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000247.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.1/OS/OpenDocument-v1.1-html/OpenDocument-v1.1.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/presentation/otp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/open_document_format/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27203973" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "OpenDocument Presentation 1.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Impress; Microsoft PowerPoint """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/OpenDocument_Presentation" ; . naraid:NF00512 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, is an open ZIP-compressed XML-based file format specification for office applications. The format is considered preferred per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00512" ; rdfs:label "NF00512" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation" ; wikidata:p1195 "fodp" ; wikidata:p1195 "odp" ; wikidata:p1195 "otp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/293" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000435.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.2/os/OpenDocument-v1.2-os.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/presentation/otp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/open_document_format/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27204002" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "OpenDocument Presentation 1.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Impress; Microsoft PowerPoint """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/OpenDocument_Presentation" ; . naraid:NF00513 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, is an open ZIP-compressed XML-based file format specification for office applications. The format is considered preferred per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00513" ; rdfs:label "NF00513" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet" ; wikidata:p1195 "fods" ; wikidata:p1195 "ods" ; wikidata:p1195 "ots" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/294" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000438.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.1/OS/OpenDocument-v1.1-html/OpenDocument-v1.1.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/open_document_format/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27203722" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "OpenDocument Spreadsheet 1.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc; Microsoft Excel """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Open_Document_Spreadsheet" ; . naraid:NF00514 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, is an open ZIP-compressed XML-based file format specification for office applications. The format is considered preferred per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00514" ; rdfs:label "NF00514" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet" ; wikidata:p1195 "fods" ; wikidata:p1195 "ods" ; wikidata:p1195 "ots" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/295" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000439.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://docs.oasis-open.org/office/v1.2/os/OpenDocument-v1.2-os.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/open_document_format/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27203789" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "OpenDocument Spreadsheet 1.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc; Microsoft Excel """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Open_Document_Spreadsheet" ; . naraid:NF00515 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "This is an obsolete, proprietary, operating system-specific implementation of a Bitmap file that should be converted to a standard TIFF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00515" ; rdfs:label "NF00515" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/bmp" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-bmp" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-ms-bmp" ; wikidata:p1195 "bmp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/270" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/os2bmp/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/bmp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMP_file_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/gdi/bitmap-storage" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28206788" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "OS/2 Bitmap 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/BMP" ; . naraid:NF00516 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The PaintShop Pro Image (PSP) version 3 is a graphics file format for files created by PaintShop Pro. File Format Version 3.0 was released in 1998 by JASC Software with the PaintShop Pro 5.0 application. Among other enhancements, application version 5.0 introduced layered images to PaintShop Pro. Corel acquired and began distributing PaintShop Pro in 2005, and continues to release new versions. Although the PSP format is proprietary, there is a published format specification for version 3, and the files can still be rendered on PaintShop Pro and several other image programs. PSP version 3 files should be converted to a more sustainable format due to their proprietary nature and relative rarity, but the original should also be retained to preserve the image layers." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00516" ; rdfs:label "NF00516" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-paintshoppro" ; wikidata:p1195 "psp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/233" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/psp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PaintShop_Pro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/psp" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20200326184132/telegraphics.com.au/svn/pspformat/trunk/psp5spec.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48623521" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "PaintShop Pro Image version 3" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly TIFF or JPEG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PaintShop_Pro" ; . naraid:NF00517 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The PaintShop Pro Image (PSP) version 4 is a graphics file format for files created by PaintShop Pro. File Format Version 4.0 was released in 1999 by JASC Software, with the PaintShop Pro 6.0 application. Among other enhancements, application version 6.0 introduced new vector graphics tools. Corel acquired and began distributing PaintShop Pro in 2005, and continues to release new versions. Although the PSP format is proprietary, there is a published format specification for version 4, and the files can still be rendered on PaintShop Pro and several other image programs. PSP version 4 files should be converted to a more sustainable format due to their proprietary nature and relative rarity, but the original should also be retained to preserve the image layers." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00517" ; rdfs:label "NF00517" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-paintshoppro" ; wikidata:p1195 "psp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/377" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/psp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PaintShop_Pro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/psp" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20220315141831/http://www.telegraphics.com.au/svn/pspformat/trunk/psp6spec.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52834540" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "PaintShop Pro Image version 4" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly TIFF or JPEG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PaintShop_Pro" ; . naraid:NF00518 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The PaintShop Pro Image (PSP) version 5 is a graphics file format for files created by PaintShop Pro. File Format Version 5.0 was released in 2000 by JASC Software, with the corresponding PaintShop Pro Application Version being 7.0. Corel acquired and began distributing PaintShop Pro in 2005, and continues to release new versions. Although the PSP format is proprietary, there is a published format specification for version 5, and the files can still be rendered on PaintShop Pro and several other image programs. PSP version 5 files should be converted to a more sustainable format due to their proprietary nature and relative rarity, but the original should also be retained to preserve the image layers." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00518" ; rdfs:label "NF00518" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-paintshoppro" ; wikidata:p1195 "psp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/234" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/psp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PaintShop_Pro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/psp" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20220315141835/http://www.telegraphics.com.au/svn/pspformat/trunk/psp7spec.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48623760" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "PaintShop Pro Image version 5" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly TIFF or JPEG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PaintShop_Pro" ; . naraid:NF00519 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The PaintShop Pro Image (PSP) version 6 is a graphics file format for files created by PaintShop Pro. File Format Version 6.0 was released in 2003 by JASC Software, with the corresponding PaintShop Pro Application Version being 8.0. Corel acquired and began distributing PaintShop Pro in 2005, and continues to release new versions. Although the PSP format is proprietary, there is a published format specification for version 6, and the files can still be rendered on PaintShop Pro and several other image programs. PSP version 6 files should be converted to a more sustainable format due to their proprietary nature and relative rarity, but the original should also be retained to preserve the image layers." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00519" ; rdfs:label "NF00519" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-paintshoppro" ; wikidata:p1195 "psp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/297" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/psp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PaintShop_Pro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/psp" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20220315141839/http://www.telegraphics.com.au/svn/pspformat/trunk/psp8spec.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52060012" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "PaintShop Pro Image version 6" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly TIFF or JPEG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PaintShop_Pro" ; . naraid:NF00520 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The PaintShop Pro Image (PSP) version 7 is a graphics file format for files created by PaintShop Pro. File Format Version 7.0 was released in 2005 by Corel, with the corresponding PaintShop Pro Application Version being 9.01. Updates to PSP version 7 included new text char style attributes and art media tools. Although the PSP format is proprietary, there is a published format specification for version 7, and the files can still be rendered on PaintShop Pro and several other image programs. PSP version 7 files should be converted to a more sustainable format due to their proprietary nature and relative rarity, but the original should also be retained to preserve the image layers." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00520" ; rdfs:label "NF00520" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-paintshoppro" ; wikidata:p1195 "psp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/298" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/psp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PaintShop_Pro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/psp" ; wikidata:p973 "https://ftpmirror.your.org/pub/misc/ftp.corel.com/pub/documentation/PSP/PSP%20File%20Format%20Specification%207.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52060199" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "PaintShop Pro Image version 7" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly TIFF or JPEG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PaintShop_Pro" ; . naraid:NF00521 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The PaintShop Pro Image (PSP) version 8 is a graphics file format for files created by PaintShop Pro. File Format Version 8.0 was released by Corel, with the corresponding PaintShop Pro Application Version being 10. The PSP format is proprietary, but the files can still be rendered on PaintShop Pro and several other image programs. PSP version 8 files should be converted to a more sustainable format due to their proprietary nature and relative rarity, but the original should also be retained to preserve the image layers." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00521" ; rdfs:label "NF00521" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-paintshoppro" ; wikidata:p1195 "psp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/376" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/psp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PaintShop_Pro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/psp" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52830687" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "PaintShop Pro Image version 8" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly TIFF or JPEG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PaintShop_Pro" ; . naraid:NF00522 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "It was the native file format for PC Paintbrush and became one of the first widely accepted DOS imaging standards, although it has since been succeeded by more sophisticated image formats, such as BMP, JPEG, and PNG. There was support for PCX in early versions of Microsoft Paint/Paintbrush as well. Retain as long as there are programs that can open the file. It is unclear what data could be lost through conversion to another format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00522" ; rdfs:label "NF00522" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/vnd.zbrush.pcx" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-pcx" ; wikidata:p1195 "pcc" ; wikidata:p1195 "pcx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/86" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000585.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/pcx/spec/a10e75307b3a4cc49c3bbe6db4c41fa2/view.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/pcx/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCX" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535473" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "PiCture eXchange (PCX) version 0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PNG or JPEG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PCX" ; . naraid:NF00523 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "It was the native file format for PC Paintbrush and became one of the first widely accepted DOS imaging standards, although it has since been succeeded by more sophisticated image formats, such as BMP, JPEG, and PNG. There was support for PCX in early versions of Microsoft Paint/Paintbrush as well. Retain as long as there are programs that can open the file. It is unclear what data could be lost through conversion to another format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00523" ; rdfs:label "NF00523" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/vnd.zbrush.pcx" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-pcx" ; wikidata:p1195 "pcc" ; wikidata:p1195 "pcx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/87" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000585.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/pcx/spec/a10e75307b3a4cc49c3bbe6db4c41fa2/view.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/pcx/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCX" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43866871" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "PiCture eXchange (PCX) version 2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PNG or JPEG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PCX" ; . naraid:NF00524 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "It was the native file format for PC Paintbrush and became one of the first widely accepted DOS imaging standards, although it has since been succeeded by more sophisticated image formats, such as BMP, JPEG, and PNG. There was support for PCX in early versions of Microsoft Paint/Paintbrush as well. Retain as long as there are programs that can open the file. It is unclear what data could be lost through conversion to another format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00524" ; rdfs:label "NF00524" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/vnd.zbrush.pcx" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-pcx" ; wikidata:p1195 "pcc" ; wikidata:p1195 "pcx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/88" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000585.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/pcx/spec/a10e75307b3a4cc49c3bbe6db4c41fa2/view.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/pcx/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCX" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43869672" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "PiCture eXchange (PCX) version 3" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PNG or JPEG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PCX" ; . naraid:NF00525 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "It was the native file format for PC Paintbrush and became one of the first widely accepted DOS imaging standards, although it has since been succeeded by more sophisticated image formats, such as BMP, JPEG, and PNG. There was support for PCX in early versions of Microsoft Paint/Paintbrush as well. Retain as long as there are programs that can open the file. It is unclear what data could be lost through conversion to another format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00525" ; rdfs:label "NF00525" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/vnd.zbrush.pcx" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-pcx" ; wikidata:p1195 "pcc" ; wikidata:p1195 "pcx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/89" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000585.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/pcx/spec/a10e75307b3a4cc49c3bbe6db4c41fa2/view.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/pcx/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCX" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43870269" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "PiCture eXchange (PCX) version 4" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PNG or JPEG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PCX" ; . naraid:NF00526 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Quattro Pro is a spreadsheet program; the format for Quattro Pro Spreadsheet for DOS versions 5.0 and 5.5 had the file extension .wq2. The software was developed by Borland and is now sold by Corel as part of the WordPerfect Office Suite. Version 5 for DOS was released in 1993. Some older versions of Quattro Pro or Excel may still read these files, but support appears to be limited and the files may have formatting or behavior errors. At this time, further research is required by NARA on processing proprietary Quattro Pro files, but tentatively it is recommended to transform into CSV or XLSX files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00526" ; rdfs:label "NF00526" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-quattro-pro" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-quattropro" ; wikidata:p1195 "wq2" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/122" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quattro_Pro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://openpreservation.org/blogs/quattro-pro-dos-obsolete-format-last" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51799563" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Quattro Pro Spreadsheet for DOS 5.x" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV or XLSX" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. LibreOffice Calc appears to be able to open WQ1 and WQ2 files, in which case the files could then be saved to ODS (with unknown risk), but that needs to be tested. A converter based on libwps can retrieve a cell's content with cell's format and some graphics for WQ1 and WQ2. Quattro Pro software may be required to open WQ1 and WQ2 files, which can then possibly be converted to XLS and then ODS, but it's unclear if anything will be lost in the process." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Quattro_Pro" ; . naraid:NF00527 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Quattro Pro is a spreadsheet program; the format for Quattro Pro Spreadsheet versions 7 and 8 had the file extension .wb3. The software was developed by Borland in 1988 and is now sold by Corel as part of the WordPerfect Office Suite. Versions 7 and 8 were released in 1996 and 1998. Some older versions of Quattro Pro or Excel may still read these files, but support appears to be limited and the files may have formatting or behavior errors. At this time, further research is required by NARA on processing proprietary Quattro Pro files, but tentatively it is recommended to transform into CSV or XLSX files. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00527" ; rdfs:label "NF00527" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-quattro-pro" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-quattropro" ; wikidata:p1195 "wb3" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/836" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quattro_Pro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62414890" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Quattro Pro Spreadsheet 7-8" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV or XLSX" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. A converter based on libwps can retrieve a cell's content with cell's format and some graphics for WB1-3 files and QPW v. 9 files. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Quattro_Pro" ; . naraid:NF00528 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Quattro Pro is a spreadsheet program; the format for Quattro Pro Spreadsheet for DOS (Disk Operating System) versions 9-12, X3 and X4 had the file extension .qpw. The software was originally developed by Borland in 1988 and is now sold by Corel as part of the Corel WordPerfect Office suites. Versions 9-X3 were released from 2000 to 2006. Some older versions of Quattro Pro or Excel may still read these files, but support appears to be limited and the files may have formatting or behavior errors. At this time, further research is required by NARA on processing proprietary Quattro Pro files, but tentatively it is recommended to transform into CSV or XLSX files. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00528" ; rdfs:label "NF00528" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-quattro-pro" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-quattropro" ; wikidata:p1195 "qpw" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/837" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quattro_Pro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62414914" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Quattro Pro Spreadsheet 9-12, X3, X4" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV or XLSX" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. A converter based on libwps can retrieve a cell's content with cell's format and some graphics for WB1-3 files and QPW v. 9 files. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Quattro_Pro" ; . naraid:NF00529 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Quattro Pro is a spreadsheet program; the format for Quattro Pro Spreadsheet for Windows versions 6 had the file extension .wb2. The software was originally developed by Borland in 1988 and is now sold by Corel as part of the Borland Office for Windows. Version 6 was released in 1994. Some older versions of Quattro Pro or Excel may still read these files, but support appears to be limited and the files may have formatting or behavior errors. At this time, further research is required by NARA on processing proprietary Quattro Pro files, but tentatively it is recommended to transform into CSV or XLSX files. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00529" ; rdfs:label "NF00529" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-quattro-pro" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-quattropro" ; wikidata:p1195 "wb2" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/835" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quattro_Pro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60480274" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Quattro Pro Spreadsheet for Windows 6" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV or XLSX" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Quattro_Pro" ; . naraid:NF00530 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Developed by Truevision, Inc. in the 1980s, TGA (also known as \"Targa\") is a raster image file format. It is still used in animation and video industries. TGA files are most often uncompressed, but can also be compressed with lossless RLE compression. TGA is a proprietary format that should be converted to a standard TIFF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00530" ; rdfs:label "NF00530" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-targa" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-tga" ; wikidata:p1195 "icb" ; wikidata:p1195 "tga" ; wikidata:p1195 "vda" ; wikidata:p1195 "vst" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/402" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000180.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.dca.fee.unicamp.br/~martino/disciplinas/ea978/tgaffs.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/tga/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truevision_TGA" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/tga/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123003201" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Truevision TGA 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/TGA" ; . naraid:NF00531 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Waveform Audio File Format (WAVE or WAV) is an audio container that stores audio bitstreams. WAVE was released in 1991 by IBM and Microsoft and based on the Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF). The PCMWAVEFORMAT structure describes the data format for Pulse-Code Modulation (PCM) waveforms. While WAVE is proprietary, it is fully documented with open source tools available for transcoding. Therefore, it is recommended to retain as-is. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00531" ; rdfs:label "NF00531" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/vnd.wave" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/wav" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/wave" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-pn-wav" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-wav" ; wikidata:p1195 "wav" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/141" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000001.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www-mmsp.ece.mcgill.ca/Documents/AudioFormats/WAVE/Docs/riffmci.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/audio/wav/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/4/46/WAV_Assessment_v1.0.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61693036" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Waveform Audio File Format (WAVE) PCMWAVEFORMAT" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Audacity """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WAVE" ; . naraid:NF00532 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Waveform Audio File Format (WAVE or WAV) is an audio container that stores audio bitstreams. WAVE was released in 1991 by IBM and Microsoft and based on the Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF). WAVEFORMATEX is an extended version of the Waveform Audio file format that defines the waveform-audio data and superseded PCMWAVEFORMAT. WAVEFORMATEX is similar to PCMWAVEFORMAT with the only difference as WAVEFORMATEX contains a cbSize member and PCMWAVEFORMAT does not. While WAVE is proprietary, it is fully documented with open source tools available for transcoding. Therefore, it is recommended to retain as-is. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00532" ; rdfs:label "NF00532" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/vnd.wave" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/wav" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/wave" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-pn-wav" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-wav" ; wikidata:p1195 "wav" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/142" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000001.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www-mmsp.ece.mcgill.ca/Documents/AudioFormats/WAVE/Docs/riffmci.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/audio/wav/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/4/46/WAV_Assessment_v1.0.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61707565" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Waveform Audio File Format (WAVE) WAVEFORMATEX" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Audacity """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WAVE" ; . naraid:NF00533 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "WordPerfect is a proprietary word processing application currently owned by Corel Corporation. This version is well-documented but not currently supported. Conversion via open source or commercial applications to alternative formats is possible, but challenging, special attention must be paid to fonts and encryption. Conversions are likely to be imperfect. Support for conversion from WPD is provided by an actively maintained (Openhub, 2014) open source library: libwpd (libwpd, 2014). Corel supports a number of WordPerfect viewers (including for mobile devices) as well as the latest WordPerfect application itself." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00533" ; rdfs:label "NF00533" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.wordperfect" ; wikidata:p1195 "doc" ; wikidata:p1195 "w60" ; wikidata:p1195 "w61" ; wikidata:p1195 "w62" ; wikidata:p1195 "wp" ; wikidata:p1195 "wp6" ; wikidata:p1195 "wpd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/44" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats//fdd/fdd000621.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; wikidata:p973 "https://harvardwiki.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/digitalpreservation/pages/48136692/Word+Processing+Formats" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62664770" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "WordPerfect 6.0 for DOS/Windows" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODT" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; . naraid:NF00536 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Portable Executable (PE) format is a compiled file format for executables, object code, DLLs and others used in 64-bit Windows operating systems. The PE format is a data structure that encapsulates the information necessary for the Windows OS loader to manage the wrapped executable code. This includes dynamic library references for linking, API export and import tables, resource management data and thread-local storage data. Software should be transferred in its native/original format, but should be provided as both raw source code and a compiled runtime version, if it exists. It should also be accompanied by release notes, readme files, and user/administrative documentation, if they exist. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00536" ; rdfs:label "NF00536" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream; version=\"64 bit\"" ; wikidata:p1195 "cpl" ; wikidata:p1195 "dll" ; wikidata:p1195 "efi" ; wikidata:p1195 "exe" ; wikidata:p1195 "ocx" ; wikidata:p1195 "pe" ; wikidata:p1195 "scr" ; wikidata:p1195 "sys" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/900" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Executable" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/portable_executable_format/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/debug/pe-format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47455565" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "64-bit Portable Executable file" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PE" ; . naraid:NF00537 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe Localization ZDCT files are binary data files used in language localization for Adobe After Effects, Illustrator, Dreamweaver, Captivate and Photoshop Elements. They contain application menu text phrases or popup boxes or localization text strings for specific languages translation. Aside from string translation, it can also include other assets like images, audio files and videos. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00537" ; rdfs:label "NF00537" ; wikidata:p1195 "zdct" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Adobe Localization File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Associated Adobe product software """ ; . naraid:NF00538 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe Type 1, also named PostScript Type 1 (AFM, PFM), is an outline font format in the PostScript font family that was widely used until Adobe discontinued support in 2023. An AFM (Adobe Font Metric) file is plain text and provides both global metrics for a font program and the metrics of each individual character. The PFM (Printer Font Metric) is a binary file that contains font metrics, and was used in conjunction with a PFB (Printer Font Binary) file to render the fonts. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration. Therefore, NARA recommends retaining these files in their original format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00538" ; rdfs:label "NF00538" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "afm" ; wikidata:p1195 "pfm" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/509" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PostScript_fonts" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20171021130312/https://wwwimages2.adobe.com/content/dam/acom/en/devnet/font/pdfs/T1_SPEC.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58725633" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Adobe Type 1 PostScript Adobe Font Metrics or Printer Font Metrics File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LCDF Type Software """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Adobe_Type_1" ; . naraid:NF00539 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Broadcast Wave (BWF) is an audio format that's designed for file-based non-linear digital recorders. BWF is based on the Microsoft WAV format as chunk-based audio and was developed in 1997 by the European Broadcasting Union with Microsoft and IBM. Version 1 was released in 2001 with one minor difference from Version 0 in that 64 of the 254 reserved bytes in Version 0 are used to contain a SMPTE UMID. There were six supplements published for the Version 1 specification. While BWF is still proprietary to Microsoft, the format has an open specification and is an industry standard with open source tools available for transcoding. Therefore, it is recommended to retain the files as-is. BWF is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00539" ; rdfs:label "NF00539" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-wav" ; wikidata:p1195 "wav" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/2" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000356.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadcast_Wave_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://tech.ebu.ch/docs/tech/tech3285.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27526471" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Broadcast Wave (BWF) v. 1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/BWF" ; . naraid:NF00540 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Broadcast Wave (BWF) is an audio format that's designed for file-based non-linear digital recorders. BWF is based on the Microsoft WAV format as chunk-based audio and was developed in 1997 by the European Broadcasting Union with Microsoft and IBM. Version 2 was released in 2011, incorporating loudness metadata and the six supplements to Version 1. Version 2 is compatible with Versions 0 and 1. While BWF is still proprietary to Microsoft, the format has an open specification and is an industry standard with open source tools available for transcoding. Therefore, it is recommended to retain the files as-is. BWF is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00540" ; rdfs:label "NF00540" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-wav" ; wikidata:p1195 "wav" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/527" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000357.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadcast_Wave_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://tech.ebu.ch/docs/tech/tech3285.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27526504" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Broadcast Wave (BWF) v. 2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/BWF" ; . naraid:NF00541 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Btrieve 6.0 (BTR) files were created by the Btrieve transactional database program. Btrieve uses the Indexed Sequential Access Method (ISAM) to store and retrieve data. Version 6.0 of the program was not completely backwards-compatible with earlier BTR files due to the introduction of new features, but the APIs remained compatible. Btrieve has been developed by several companies over the years, with Btrieve 6.0 being released in 1992, during Novell's ownership of the software. While Btrieve still exists and has been rolled into Actian's Zen database applications, the BTR file format is proprietary and does not have an open format specification. NARA recommends transforming BTR files to a more sustainable format, such as CSV." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00541" ; rdfs:label "NF00541" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "btr" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture_of_Btrieve" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrieve" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Btrieve 6.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Any process will require Actian (formerly Pervasive) Btrieve drivers. Access can read btrieve tables only if there are data definitions available, which are Btrieve .DDF files. If there are no ddf's, the processing archivist will need to create them from scratch with either a 3rd party tool such as BtSearch or use Actian's products. With both the BTR and DDF files and the Actian/Pervasive ODBC driver to set up ODBC DSNs the data can be read ith MS Access." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:btr" ; . naraid:NF00542 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Btrieve 6.1 (BTR) files were created by the Btrieve transactional database program. Btrieve uses the Indexed Sequential Access Method (ISAM) to store and retrieve data. Version 6.1 of the program was not completely backwards-compatible with earlier BTR files due to new features that were introduced in version 6.0, but the APIs remained compatible. Btrieve has been developed by several companies over the years, with Btrieve 6.1 being released by Novell after 6.0's debut in 1992 and prior to Btrieve Technologies Inc.'s release of version 6.15 in 1994. While Btrieve still exists and has been rolled into Actian's Zen database applications, the BTR file format is proprietary and does not have an open format specification. NARA recommends transforming BTR files to a more sustainable format, such as CSV." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00542" ; rdfs:label "NF00542" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "btr" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture_of_Btrieve" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrieve" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2557643" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Btrieve 6.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Any process will require Actian (formerly Pervasive) Btrieve drivers. Access can read btrieve tables only if there are data definitions available, which are Btrieve .DDF files. If there are no ddf's, the processing archivist will need to create them from scratch with either a 3rd party tool such as BtSearch or use Actian's products. With both the BTR and DDF files and the Actian/Pervasive ODBC driver to set up ODBC DSNs the data can be read with MS Access." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:btr" ; . naraid:NF00543 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a document written in a markup language like HTML. CSS files are plain text. The CSS specification was first published in 1996 by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). CSS has many versions; CSS 2.0 was published in 1998 and included fixed positioning of elements and the concept of media types. CSS is an open-source file format that is widely used. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode should be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00543" ; rdfs:label "NF00543" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/css" ; wikidata:p1195 "css" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/224" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000482.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/web/css/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-CSS2-19980512/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27826458" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Cascading Style Sheets 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" ; . naraid:NF00544 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a document written in a markup language like HTML. The CSS specification was first published in 1996 by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). CSS has many versions; CSS 2.1 was published in 2011 after being in the works for a number of years, and fixed errors in the previous version 2.0. CSS is an open-source file format that is widely used. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode should be retained as-is. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00544" ; rdfs:label "NF00544" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/css" ; wikidata:p1195 "css" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/224" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000482.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/web/css/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27826457" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Cascading Style Sheets 2.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" ; . naraid:NF00545 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A ColdFusion Component (CFC) file is a collection of functions, and can also contain data, access data sources, and implement business logic. CFCs were introduced in ColdFusion MX 6 in 2002 and provide object-oriented (OOP) functionality to the ColdFusion Markup Language (CFML). CFC is proprietary and implementations will vary by application, but the required structure for CFC files is documented. Since CFC files are plain text and can be opened with freely available software, NARA recommends retaining as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00545" ; rdfs:label "NF00545" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/x-coldfusion" ; wikidata:p1195 "cfc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_ColdFusion" ; wikidata:p973 "https://helpx.adobe.com/coldfusion/developing-applications/building-blocks-of-coldfusion-applications/building-and-using-coldfusion-components/building-coldfusion-components.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q468446" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "ColdFusion Component File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/ColdFusion" ; . naraid:NF00546 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM) is an international graphics data interchange format which defines a representation of 2D vector graphics, raster graphics, and text independent from any particular application. CGM is a metafile, not a graphics format. Version 2 enables additional aspects of the ISO 8632:1992 standard by supporting closed figures, segments, and 30 additional elements, including all elements that were used in Version 1. Version 2 is an inclusive superset of Version 1. The CGM format is non-proprietary, has a published open international specification, is actively maintained, and renderers are available. NARA recommends retaining CGM as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00546" ; rdfs:label "NF00546" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/cgm" ; wikidata:p1195 "cgm" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/304" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000521.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_Graphics_Metafile" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/cgm/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/32378.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43986525" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Computer Graphics Metafile 2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/CGM" ; . naraid:NF00547 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM) is an international graphics data interchange format which defines a representation of 2D vector graphics, raster graphics, and text independent from any particular application. CGM is a metafile, not a graphics format. Version 3 enables additional aspects of the ISO 8632:1992 standard by supporting the capability to represent compressed tiled images, define external symbol libraries, representation of drawing primitives (including curves), and additional color models, as well as all elements that were specified for Version 2. Version 3 is an inclusive superset of both Versions 1 and 2. The CGM format is non-proprietary, has a published open international specification, is actively maintained, and renderers are available. NARA recommends retaining CGM as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00547" ; rdfs:label "NF00547" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/cgm" ; wikidata:p1195 "cgm" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/305" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000521.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_Graphics_Metafile" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/cgm/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/32378.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26719970" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Computer Graphics Metafile 3" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/CGM" ; . naraid:NF00548 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM) is an international graphics data interchange format which defines a representation of 2D vector graphics, raster graphics, and text independent from any particular application. CGM is a metafile, not a graphics format. Version 4 is codified by ISO 8632-1:1999 and adds application structuring as well as supporting all elements that were specified for Version 3. While the Version 4 specification is a revised standard, it is also an inclusive superset of Versions 1-3. The CGM format is non-proprietary, has a published open international specification, is actively maintained, and renderers are available. NARA recommends retaining CGM as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00548" ; rdfs:label "NF00548" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/cgm" ; wikidata:p1195 "cgm" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/306" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000521.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_Graphics_Metafile" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/cgm/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/32378.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26719973" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Computer Graphics Metafile 4" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/CGM" ; . naraid:NF00549 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "CorelDRAW is a vector graphics editor that was initially released for Windows in 1989 by the Corel Corporation, now known as Alludo. With version 3, the program was expanded into a full graphics suite with vector illustration, page layout, and photo editing among the included capabilities. The CorelDRAW Compressed File (CDX) format is a compressed version of the original CDR file and is used for sharing files through email. The CDX file format is proprietary with no publicly available specification and should be transformed into SVG." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00549" ; rdfs:label "NF00549" ; wikidata:p1195 "cdx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/31" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CorelDRAW" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71837258" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "CorelDRAW Compressed File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly PDF, TIFF, or ODG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Further research is required, possibly LibreOffice Draw" ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/CorelDRAW" ; . naraid:NF00550 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "CouchDB is a NoSQL database that uses JSON to store data, JavaScript as its query language using MapReduce, and HTTP for an API. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00550" ; rdfs:label "NF00550" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/json" ; wikidata:p1195 "json" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.couchdb.org/_/downloads/en/stable/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_CouchDB" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136882" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "CouchDB" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; . naraid:NF00551 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The dBase system includes the core database engine, a query system, a forms engine, and a programming language that ties all of these components together. dBase's underlying file format, the .dbf file, is widely used in other applications needing a simple format to store structured data, including FoxBase, FoxPro, and Visual FoxPro. Further investigation is required on a case-by-case basis to determine whether the information in these files should be integrated into the related database file and how best to do that." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00551" ; rdfs:label "NF00551" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/dbase" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/dbf" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-dbase" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-dbf" ; wikidata:p1195 "dbf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/380" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000325.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DBase" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.dbf2002.com/dbf-file-format.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52834849" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "dBase Table for Windows 5" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV. If the DBF is part of a Shapefile, transform using Global Mapper. If the DBF is a standalone file, transform using LibreOffice." ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Global Mapper; LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DBF" ; . naraid:NF00552 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The dBase system includes the core database engine, a query system, a forms engine, and a programming language that ties all of these components together. dBase's underlying file format, the .dbf file, is widely used in other applications needing a simple format to store structured data, including FoxBase, FoxPro, and Visual FoxPro. Further investigation is required on a case-by-case basis to determine whether the information in these files should be integrated into the related database file and how best to do that." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00552" ; rdfs:label "NF00552" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/dbase" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/dbf" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-dbase" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-dbf" ; wikidata:p1195 "db3" ; wikidata:p1195 "dbf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/9" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000325.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://formats.kaitai.io/dbf/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DBase" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28600457" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "dBase Table III" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV. If the DBF is part of a Shapefile, transform using Global Mapper. If the DBF is a standalone file, transform using LibreOffice." ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Global Mapper; LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DBF" ; . naraid:NF00553 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The dBase system includes the core database engine, a query system, a forms engine, and a programming language that ties all of these components together. dBase's underlying file format, the .dbf file, is widely used in other applications needing a simple format to store structured data, including FoxBase, FoxPro, and Visual FoxPro. Further investigation is required on a case-by-case basis to determine whether the information in these files should be integrated into the related database file and how best to do that." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00553" ; rdfs:label "NF00553" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/dbase" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/dbf" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-dbase" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-dbf" ; wikidata:p1195 "dbf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/271" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000325.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DBase" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.dbf2002.com/dbf-file-format.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51954585" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "dBase Table III+" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV. If the DBF is part of a Shapefile, transform using Global Mapper. If the DBF is a standalone file, transform using LibreOffice." ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Global Mapper; LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DBF" ; . naraid:NF00554 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The dBase system includes the core database engine, a query system, a forms engine, and a programming language that ties all of these components together. dBase's underlying file format, the .dbf file, is widely used in other applications needing a simple format to store structured data, including FoxBase, FoxPro, and Visual FoxPro. Further investigation is required on a case-by-case basis to determine whether the information in these files should be integrated into the related database file and how best to do that." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00554" ; rdfs:label "NF00554" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/dbase" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/dbf" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-dbase" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-dbf" ; wikidata:p1195 "dbf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/10" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000325.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DBase" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.dbf2002.com/dbf-file-format.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44933672" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "dBase Table IV" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV. If the DBF is part of a Shapefile, transform using Global Mapper. If the DBF is a standalone file, transform using LibreOffice." ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Global Mapper; LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DBF" ; . naraid:NF00555 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The dBase system includes the core database engine, a query system, a forms engine, and a programming language that ties all of these components together. dBase's underlying file format, the .dbf file, is widely used in other applications needing a simple format to store structured data, including FoxBase, FoxPro, and Visual FoxPro. Because of this, investigation is required on a case-by-case basis to determine whether the information in these files should be integrated into the related database file and how best to do that." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00555" ; rdfs:label "NF00555" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/dbase" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/dbf" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-dbase" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-dbf" ; wikidata:p1195 "dbf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/272" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000325.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DBase" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.dbf2002.com/dbf-file-format.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51954590" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "dBase Table V" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV. If the DBF is part of a Shapefile, transform using Global Mapper. If the DBF is a standalone file, transform using LibreOffice." ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Global Mapper; LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DBF" ; . naraid:NF00556 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "ePub (EPUB) is a format used to distribute complex publications such as e-books in a single-file container. The ePub format was created as version 2.0 of the Open EBook Publication Structure (OEBPS), and was renamed in 2007 as EPUB 2.0. The format has since undergone several revisions. EPUB has an open format specification that is maintained by the WC3, and the files are generally accessed through an e-Reader device or e-Reader software installed on a computer, tablet, or smartphone. Because this format has a published open specification and is able to be rendered by a wide range of software, it should be retained in its current format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00556" ; rdfs:label "NF00556" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/epub+zip" ; wikidata:p1195 "epub" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/483" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000310.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/ebook/epub/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPUB" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/7/73/EPUB_Assessment_v1.4a.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/epub-overview-33/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q475488" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "ePub ebook" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Calibre """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/EPUB" ; . naraid:NF00557 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "ESRI Shapefile (Index) is a component of the ESRI Shapefile Compound file format used to store nontopological geospatial information, such as shapes and attributes. A Shapefile must contain a main file, an index file, and dBASE table, and can optionally include other component files. The index files contain each offset of the corresponding main file record. Shapefile was developed by ESRI within the ArcView GIS version 2 in the 1990s. The Shapefile format is proprietary but fully and openly documented and maintained by ESRI, and it has widespread adoption. There are a number of software packages and open libraries that can read and write Shapefiles; therefore, Shapefile Index files can be retained as-is. The ESRI Shapefile Compound format is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00557" ; rdfs:label "NF00557" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.shx" ; wikidata:p1195 "shx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/277" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000280.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/gis/shx/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shapefile" ; wikidata:p973 "https://gisgeography.com/gis-formats/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.esri.com/library/whitepapers/pdfs/shapefile.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27487109" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "ESRI Shapefile (Arc/View Index)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Shapefile" ; . naraid:NF00558 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "ESRI Shapefile (dBASE Table) is a component of the ESRI Shapefile Compound file format used to store nontopological geospatial information, such as shapes and attributes. A Shapefile must contain a main file, an index file, and dBASE table, and can optionally include other component files. The dBASE Table (DBF) is the database management system to store the tables of data. Shapefile was developed by ESRI within the ArcView GIS version 2 in the 1990s. The Shapefile format is fully and openly documented and maintained by ESRI, and it has widespread adoption. There are a number of software packages and open libraries that can read and write Shapefiles; therefore, Shapefile dBase Table files should be retained as-is and also transformed into CSV. The ESRI Shapefile Compound format is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00558" ; rdfs:label "NF00558" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.dbf" ; wikidata:p1195 "dbf" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000326.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shapefile" ; wikidata:p973 "https://gisgeography.com/gis-formats/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.esri.com/library/whitepapers/pdfs/shapefile.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27487130" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "ESRI Shapefile (dBASE Table)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain but also transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Shapefile" ; . naraid:NF00559 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "ESRI Shapefile (Projection) is a component of the ESRI Shapefile Compound file format used to store nontopological geospatial information, such as shapes and attributes. A Shapefile must contain a main file, an index file, and dBASE table, and can optionally include other component files. The Projection file stores coordinate system information. Shapefile was developed by ESRI within the ArcView GIS version 2 in the 1990s. The Shapefile format is fully and openly documented and maintained by ESRI, and it has widespread adoption. There are a number of software packages and open libraries that can read and write Shapefiles; therefore, Shapefile dBase Table files should be retained as-is and also transformed into CSV. The ESRI Shapefile Compound format is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00559" ; rdfs:label "NF00559" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/text" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "prj" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/320" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000280.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shapefile" ; wikidata:p973 "https://gisgeography.com/gis-formats/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.esri.com/library/whitepapers/pdfs/shapefile.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27487424" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "ESRI Shapefile (Projection)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Shapefile" ; . naraid:NF00560 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "ESRI Shapefile (Spatial Index) is a component of the ESRI Shapefile Compound file format used to store nontopological geospatial information, such as shapes and attributes. A Shapefile must contain a main file, an index file, and dBASE table, and can optionally include other component files. The Spatial Index is used to optimize spatial queries and sort data in a linear order. Shapefile was developed by ESRI within the ArcView GIS version 2 in the 1990s. The Shapefile format is fully and openly documented and maintained by ESRI, and it has widespread adoption. There are a number of software packages and open libraries that can read and write Shapefiles; therefore, Shapefile Spatial Index files can be retained as-is. The ESRI Shapefile Compound format is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00560" ; rdfs:label "NF00560" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.dbf" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.shp" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.shx" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/xzipped-shp" ; wikidata:p1195 "sbn" ; wikidata:p1195 "sbx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/319" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000280.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/gis/sbn/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shapefile" ; wikidata:p973 "https://gisgeography.com/gis-formats/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.esri.com/library/whitepapers/pdfs/shapefile.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27487348" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "ESRI Shapefile (Spatial Index)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Shapefile" ; . naraid:NF00561 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a markup language that defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable. It is a plain text file that can be use to mark up data and content and provide information necessary for processing by external code for display and discovery. XML files are plain text. Web archives should never be migrated, as that would change the fundamental linkages and functionality of web objects. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00561" ; rdfs:label "NF00561" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/xml" ; wikidata:p1195 "xml" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1776" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000264.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xml11/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/web/xml/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/0/0e/XML_Assessment_v1.3.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q115037504" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "eXtensible Markup Language 1.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XML" ; . naraid:NF00562 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "XSL (also called XSLT) is used to control and look and feel/rendering of HTML or xHTML. It is a plain text format, easily machine and human readable, and a stable and well-documented open format. In addition, XSL and web archives in general should never be migrated, as that would change the fundamental linkages and functionality of web objects. Web archives in general should never be migrated, as that would change the fundamental linkages and functionality of web objects. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00562" ; rdfs:label "NF00562" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/xsl" ; wikidata:p1195 "xsl" ; wikidata:p1195 "xslt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/281" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XSL" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt-20" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32061" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "eXtensible Style Language 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XSL" ; . naraid:NF00563 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "XSL (also called XSLT) is used to control and look and feel/rendering of HTML or xHTML. It is a plain text format, easily machine and human readable, and a stable and well-documented open format. In addition, XSL and web archives in general should never be migrated, as that would change the fundamental linkages and functionality of web objects. Web archives in general should never be migrated, as that would change the fundamental linkages and functionality of web objects. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00563" ; rdfs:label "NF00563" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/xsl" ; wikidata:p1195 "xsl" ; wikidata:p1195 "xslt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/281" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XSL" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt-30" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32061" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "eXtensible Style Language 3.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XSL" ; . naraid:NF00564 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "FoxPro is a relational database management system (RDBMS) that supports multiple relationships between multiple DBF files. The FoxPro version of DBF was based on the dBASE II version. FoxPro 2.5 for DOS and for Windows was released in 1993. FoxPro 2.5 versions of DBF files can be distinguished through the version bytes in their file headers. FoxPro is proprietary, does not have a published open specification, and is not actively maintained and updated by an organization. NARA recommends transformation to CSV or ASCII text." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00564" ; rdfs:label "NF00564" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/dbf" ; wikidata:p1195 "dbf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/7" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000325.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FoxPro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.dbf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.dbf2002.com/dbf-file-format.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60628025" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "FoxPro 2.5" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Microsoft Excel """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DBF" ; . naraid:NF00565 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "FoxPro is a relational database management system (RDBMS) that supports multiple relationships between multiple DBF files. The FoxPro version of DBF was based on the dBASE II version. FoxPro 2.6 for Unix was released in 1992, then versions for DOS, Windows and MacOS were released in 1993. FoxPro 2.6 versions of DBF files can be distinguished through the version bytes in their file headers. FoxPro is proprietary, does not have a published open specification, and is not actively maintained and updated by an organization. NARA recommends transformation to CSV or ASCII text.." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00565" ; rdfs:label "NF00565" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/dbf" ; wikidata:p1195 "dbf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/242" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000325.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FoxPro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.dbf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.dbf2002.com/dbf-file-format.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51954521" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "FoxPro 2.6" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Microsoft Excel """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DBF" ; . naraid:NF00566 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Harvard Graphics Chart 3.0 (CH3) is a vector graphics file containing individual chart data created in Harvard Graphics for MS-DOS. Harvard Graphics was one of the first desktop programs that allowed users to incorporate text, graphs, charts, and images into slideshows. The first version, named Harvard Presentation Graphics, was released for MS-DOS in 1986 by Software Publishing Corporation. The CH3 format replaced the CHT format in version 3.0 for MS-DOS in 1991. Harvard Graphics was fully discontinued in 2017. Harvard Graphics Chart 3.0 is proprietary, does not have a published open specification, and is not actively maintained and updated by an organization. Therefore, NARA recommends transforming these files into a more sustainable format, possibly PowerPoint." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00566" ; rdfs:label "NF00566" ; wikidata:p1195 "ch3" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/32" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/harvard/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Graphics" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59716162" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Harvard Graphics Chart 3.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly PowerPoint" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Research indicates that the original Harvard Graphics software is required to convert Harvard Graphics files. There are no converters although Microsoft PowerPoint 97 may be able to import CHT, SHW, CH3, and SH3, but still requires the Harvard Graphics software. Harvard Graphics may be able to export files to another format. Corel Presentation can open PRS, SHW, and SH3 files. It may not be possible to convert SH3 files as they may be system files." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Harvard_Graphics" ; . naraid:NF00567 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is a markup language for displaying web pages and applications in a browser. The earliest version of HTML was developed by Tim Berners-Lee of CERN, and was based upon Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML). A draft specification for HTML was written by Tim Berners-Lee and Daniel Connolly and was published in June 1993 by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Another draft HTML standard called \"HTML+\" was written by Dave Raggett and published in November 1993. These drafts expired and were not adopted as formal standards, but the HTML Working Group of the ITEF did publish HTML 2.0 as RFC 1866 in 1995. HTML has been widely adopted as the standard for web content, and .html files are plain text. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00567" ; rdfs:label "NF00567" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/html" ; wikidata:p1195 "htm" ; wikidata:p1195 "html" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/96" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000476.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/web/html/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/html/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/MarkUp/draft-ietf-iiir-html-01.txt" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Hypertext Markup Language pre-2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/HTML" ; . naraid:NF00569 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is a markup language for displaying web pages and applications in a browser. HTML 2.0 was published by the HTML Working Group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) in 1995 as RFC 1866, and was the first formal specification. Prior to RFC 1866, HTML had been informally defined with several competing draft specifications. An updated draft specification for HTML 3.0 was proposed in March 1995, before HTML 2.0 had been formally adopted, but that draft expired and HTML 2.0 remained the standard until HTML 3.2 was recommended in January 1997. HTML has been widely adopted as the standard for web content, and .html files are plain text. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00569" ; rdfs:label "NF00569" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/html" ; wikidata:p1195 "htm" ; wikidata:p1195 "html" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/97" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000477.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/web/html/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/html/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/MarkUp/html-spec/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2892563" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Hypertext Markup Language 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/HTML" ; . naraid:NF00570 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is a markup language for displaying web pages and applications in a browser. HTML 3.2 superseded HTML 2.0 as the W3C recommendation for HTML in January 1997. There was no version 3.0, as that draft specification expired without reaching formal recommendation. Version 3.2 added features such as tables, text flow around images, support for Java programming language applets, sub- and superscripts, and maintained compatibility with the features already present in HTML 2.0. HTML has been widely adopted as the standard for web content, and .html files are plain text. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00570" ; rdfs:label "NF00570" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/html" ; wikidata:p1195 "htm" ; wikidata:p1195 "html" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/98" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000478.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/web/html/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/html/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html32" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41676372" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Hypertext Markup Language 3.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/HTML" ; . naraid:NF00571 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is a markup language for displaying web pages and applications in a browser. HTML 4.0 superseded HTML 3.2 as the W3C recommendation for HTML in December 1997. Version 4.0 added features such as multimedia options, scripting and style sheets, and accessibility features for users with disabilities. Version 4.0 also internationalized the supported character sets to allow for use of non-Latin alphabets. A new tag was also introduced to support text read right-to-left, in addition to left-to-right. HTML has been widely adopted as the standard for web content, and .html files are plain text. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00571" ; rdfs:label "NF00571" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/html" ; wikidata:p1195 "htm" ; wikidata:p1195 "html" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/99" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000479.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/web/html/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/html/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40-971218/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3782232" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Hypertext Markup Language 4.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/HTML" ; . naraid:NF00572 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is a markup language for displaying web pages and applications in a browser. HTML 4.01 superseded HTML 4.0 as the W3C recommendation for HTML in December 1999. Version 4.01 was a sub-version of HTML 4.0 that contained minor corrections. The major new features of 4.0 remained in 4.01, including support for multimedia, scripting, stylesheets, international text, and accessibility features. HTML has been widely adopted as the standard for web content, and .html files are plain text. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00572" ; rdfs:label "NF00572" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/html" ; wikidata:p1195 "htm" ; wikidata:p1195 "html" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/100" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000480.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/web/html/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/html/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Hypertext Markup Language 4.01" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/HTML" ; . naraid:NF00573 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is a markup language for displaying web pages and applications in a browser. After the release of the HTML 4.01 recommendation, the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) began to pursue the XML-compliant XHTML instead of continuing development on HTML. Web browser developers, who preferred HTML for its backwards-compatibility with prior versions and versatility for web applications, formed a separate organization called the Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG). WHATWG worked on HTML 5.0 on its own until 2007, when W3C rejoined WHATWG in a working group to update the HTML standard. HTML 5.0 eventually superseded HTML 4.01 as the W3C recommendation for HTML in October 2014. Afterward, WHATWG maintained HTML as a living standard, and W3C published several additional ‘snapshot' subversions of HTML 5.0. Version 5.0 was no longer based upon SGML, and introduced new elements for document structure, audiovisual media, and interactivity. HTML 5.0 also included new Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) to support the creation of interactive applications. HTML has been widely adopted as the standard for web content, and .html files are plain text. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00573" ; rdfs:label "NF00573" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/html" ; wikidata:p1195 "htm" ; wikidata:p1195 "html" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/471" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000481.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/web/html/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/html/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20150331175604/http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2053" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Hypertext Markup Language 5" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/HTML" ; . naraid:NF00574 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is a markup language for displaying web pages and applications in a browser. HTML 5.1 was published as a World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommendation in October 2017. It is the first ‘snapshot' update to HTML 5.0, which was also maintained in a parallel ‘living standard' format by the Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG). HTML 5.1 updated the W3C standard to bring it into alignment with the common web-authoring practices of the time, and contained bug patches from the WHATWG that affected the published W3C version of the standard. HTML has been widely adopted as the standard for web content, and .html files are plain text. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00574" ; rdfs:label "NF00574" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/html" ; wikidata:p1195 "htm" ; wikidata:p1195 "html" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/96" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/web/html/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/html/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/2017/REC-html51-20171003/" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Hypertext Markup Language 5.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/HTML" ; . naraid:NF00575 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is a markup language for displaying web pages and applications in a browser. HTML 5.2 was published as a World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommendation in December 2017. It is the second ‘snapshot' update to HTML 5.0, which was also maintained in a ‘living standard' format by the Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG). HTML 5.2 updated the W3C standard to bring it into alignment with the common web-authoring practices of the time, and contained bug patches from the WHATWG that affected the published W3C version of the standard. HTML has been widely adopted as the standard for web content, and .html files are plain text. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00575" ; rdfs:label "NF00575" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/html" ; wikidata:p1195 "htm" ; wikidata:p1195 "html" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/96" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/web/html/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/html/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/2017/REC-html52-20171214/" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Hypertext Markup Language 5.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/HTML" ; . naraid:NF00576 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Java is a general-purpose programming language that is class-based, object-oriented, and designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. It is intended to let application developers write once, run anywhere, meaning that Java code is typically compiled to bytecode that can run on any Java virtual machine (JVM) regardless of the underlying computer architecture and run on all platforms that support Java without the need for recompilation. .CLASS files are compiled Java code class files. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00576" ; rdfs:label "NF00576" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/java-vm" ; wikidata:p1195 "class" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/415" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000598.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se14/html/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_%28programming_language%29" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193155" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Java Class (Compiled Object Code)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """OpenJDK; Java Development Kit (JDK); Java Runtime Environment (JRE) """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Java" ; . naraid:NF00577 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Keyhole Markup Language (Container) is a zipped compressed container file format associated with Keyhole Markup Language (KML) geographic data files. KML data files that are accompanied by external image files are bundled together in KMZ containers, which may be compressed with a ratio of 10:1. KMZ has an open specification and tools are available for rendering. Therefore, it is recommended to retain files as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00577" ; rdfs:label "NF00577" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.google-earth.kmz" ; wikidata:p1195 "kmz" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/724" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000547.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://developers.google.com/kml/documentation/kmzarchives" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/gis/kmz/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyhole_Markup_Language" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28921959" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "Keyhole Markup Language (Container)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Google Earth; FME; Global Mapper; Adobe Photoshop """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/KML" ; . naraid:NF00578 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Kodak Cineon (CIN) files were created by the Cineon System, which was one of the first computer based digital film systems created by Kodak in the early 1990s. It was an integrated suite of components consisting of a motion picture film scanner, a film recorder and workstation hardware with the Cineon Digital Film Workstation software. The workstation was used for compositing, visual effects, image restoration and color management. The software stopped being offered in 1997. CIN files are binary raster format files and lack the header information that the successor format, DPX, has. Since Cineon is no longer supported and is a proprietary format, it is recommended to convert the files to TIFF when possible." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00578" ; rdfs:label "NF00578" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/bmp" ; wikidata:p1195 "cin" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/2051" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.digital-intermediate.co.uk/film/pdf/Cineon.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cineon#Cineon_file_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20180127215820/http://www.cineon.com/ff_draft.php#draft" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28048413" ; nara:category naraid:Cinema ; nara:formatName "Kodak Cineon" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF if possible" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Cineon" ; . naraid:NF00579 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Lotus Approach Database View (APT) files were created with Lotus Approach, a relational database tool where Approach projects (APR files) could be integrated with dBASE, DB2, Oracle, or Lotus Notes databases. It was originally released for Windows 3.1 in 1991, and version 3.0 was released in 1994 as part of IBM's Lotus SmartSuite for Microsoft Windows. The format is a consolidation of tables, memo fields, queries, and indexes into a single APT file that could be distributed as a read-only table view. Lotus Approach was initially developed by the Approach Software Corporation, which was sold to Lotus in 1994. Lotus was then purchased by IBM in 1995. The format is proprietary, has no open specification, and IBM ceased support for Lotus Approach in 2014. For these reasons, transformation to a more sustainable format such as CSV is recommended if suitable software can be identified." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00579" ; rdfs:label "NF00579" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.lotus-approach" ; wikidata:p1195 "apt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/334" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Lotus_Approach" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46118545" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Lotus Approach Database View File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools; this will require testing on a case-by-case basis. IBM Notes may be an option. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:apt" ; . naraid:NF00580 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Macromedia Flash (SWF, Shockwave Flash, Adobe Flash) version 5 files are proprietary animation files with audio for use in interactive multimedia applications. SWF files are compiled from Flash Project (FLA) files, which are proprietary binary files. SWF files were originally developed by the company FutureWave Software in 1996. It was acquired by Macromedia the same year for integration with its Shockwave brand, and later for use with its Flash Player. Macromedia was acquired by Adobe in 2005 and re-branded as Adobe Flash, which was discontinued in 2020 and no longer supported in modern web browsers. Flash 5 was released in 2000 and has uncompressed SWF files, whereas later versions have the option of compression. Flash 5 was the first version to include ActionScript 1.0 and XML support. Due to its discontinuation and lack of an open specification, it is recommended to transform SWF files to MP4 when possible or to retain as-is if transformation is not available." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00580" ; rdfs:label "NF00580" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-shockwave-flash" ; wikidata:p1195 "swf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/108" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/page-description-language/swf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20201004221835/https://www.adobe.com/content/dam/acom/en/devnet/pdf/swf-file-format-spec-v10.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29011347" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Macromedia Flash 5" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to MP4 if possible, otherwise retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Adobe Captivate """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SWF" ; . naraid:NF00581 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "MarkLogic is a multi-model NoSQL database that has evolved from its XML database roots to also natively store JSON documents and RDF triples for its semantic data model. MarkLogic is proprietary software, but stores data in open standards." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00581" ; rdfs:label "NF00581" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "json" ; wikidata:p1195 "rdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MarkLogic" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29364583" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "MarkLogic" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Data can be searched using JavaScript, XQuery, SPARQL, and SQL, so available tools should be able to extract data." ; . naraid:NF00582 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Mathematica Computable Document Format (CDF) is a proprietary electronic document format for authoring dynamically-generated interactive content. When the format was in use, CDF files could be created with Wolfram Mathematica and viewed using a proprietary CDF Player. Although CDF was created by Wolfram Research as a \"PDF killer,\" it is now a proprietary legacy format that is no longer supported by Mathematica. It should be migrated to the more stable PDF format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00582" ; rdfs:label "NF00582" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/cdf" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.wolfram.cdf" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.wolfram.cdf.text" ; wikidata:p1195 "cdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computable_Document_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122075" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wolfram.com/cdf/" ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "Mathematica Computable Document Format" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Mathematica CDF can be viewed and processed with Mathematica Player or CDF Player, and transformed to PDF." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Computable_Document_Format" ; . naraid:NF00583 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "ASP.NET was released in 2002 as a successor to Classic ASP. ASP.NET files are plain text, have the extension .aspx, and are normally written in C# (C sharp). Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00583" ; rdfs:label "NF00583" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/html" ; wikidata:p1195 "aspx" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/web/asp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/net-standard?tabs=net-standard-1-0" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178817" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Microsoft ASP.NET" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; . naraid:NF00584 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "There are two types of binary Microsoft FrontPage Lock files. frontpg.lck is used for Root Web only, a lock file to keep Web server resources from being accessed simultaneously. service.lck is a Lock file used to keep Web resources from being accessed simultaneously; should be a zero-byte file at idle time. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00584" ; rdfs:label "NF00584" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "frontpg.lck" ; wikidata:p1195 "service.lck" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/218" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.softpanorama.org/Office/Frontpage/list_of_special_files_and_directories.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_FrontPage" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61752300" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Microsoft FrontPage Server Extension Lock File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:lck" ; . naraid:NF00585 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "OLE (Object Linking & Embedding) is a proprietary Microsoft technology that allows embedding and linking to documents and other objects. Use of binary Microsoft Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) objects limits interoperability, because these objects are not widely supported in programs for viewing or editing files. If software that understands an OLE object is not available, the object is usually replaced by a picture (bitmap representation of the object) or not displayed at all. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00585" ; rdfs:label "NF00585" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "ole" ; wikidata:p1195 "ole2" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/111" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound_File_Binary_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/ole_compound_file/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-cfb/53989ce4-7b05-4f8d-829b-d08d6148375b" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156830" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Microsoft OLE2 Compound Format" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Compound_File" ; . naraid:NF00586 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Visual FoxPro Database Container (DBC) files store metadata and structural information about database components. The accompanying data resides in a DBF database file (required), an associated CDX compound index file (required), and a FPT memo field (optional) in the same directory. Visual FoxPro is a programming language developed by Microsoft that is tightly integrated with its own relational database engine, derived from FoxPro and FoxBase. The Database Container was introduced in Version 5 in 1996 and updated in Versions 6-9; the final service pack for Version 9.0 was released in 2007. DBC is proprietary, does not have a published open specification, and is not actively maintained and updated by an organization. Therefore, NARA recommends transforming these files into a more sustainable format such as CSV." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00586" ; rdfs:label "NF00586" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "dbc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/382" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_FoxPro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20070808031447/http://fox.wikis.com/wc.dll?Wiki~DatabaseContainer" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.tedroche.com/hackfox7/s1c2.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61984341" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Visual FoxPro Database Container" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Visual FoxPro database container files can only be opened in Visual FoxPro Studio. Version 9, the last version released, can only read files created in versions 8 and 9." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:dct" ; . naraid:NF00588 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Microsoft Word for Windows 97-2003 Template (.dot) contains document layout settings that could be applied to Word Document (.doc) files. Template files are typically preformatted with elements such as headers, margins, and so on. The .doc format was the default format for the Microsoft Word family of word processing software from 1983-2003, but was still supported by Word through 2007. The Word 97-2003 variant of .doc was a significant change from earlier versions, based on an OLE Compound Binary file. The OLE Compound Binary 97-2003 and associated .dot format are proprietary but should be covered by Microsoft's Open Specification Promise. Since a .dot contains formatting unique to the document creator unique formatting, it is recommended to retain as-is. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00588" ; rdfs:label "NF00588" ; wikidata:p1195 "dot" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/45" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/word-processing/dot/#google_vignette" ; wikidata:p973 "https://download.microsoft.com/download/0/B/E/0BE8BDD7-E5E8-422A-ABFD-4342ED7AD886/Word97-2007BinaryFileFormat(doc)Specification.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word#Templates" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20200729153106/https://fileformats.fandom.com/wiki/Microsoft_Word_97-2003_Document" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3596392" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Word for Windows 97-2003 Template" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Current supported version Microsoft Word; older versions may not be supported, test on a case-by-case basis." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DOT" ; . naraid:NF00589 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Word for Windows Macro-Enabled Template (.dotm) contains document layout settings as well as macros that can be applied to OOXML .docx files. The Microsoft Word OOXML Document (.docx) has been the default format for the Microsoft Word family of word processing software since 2007. The Office Open XML version of .docx and .dotm have an open international standard, and .dotm files contain formatting unique to the document creator, so it is recommended to retain as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00589" ; rdfs:label "NF00589" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-word.template.macroEnabled.12" ; wikidata:p1195 "dotm" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/599" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word#Templates" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_standards/ms-docx/b839fe1f-e1ca-4fa6-8c26-5954d0abbccd" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66711987" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Word Macro-enabled Document Template" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Current supported version Microsoft Word; older versions may not be supported, test on a case-by-case basis." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DOTM" ; . naraid:NF00590 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Word for Windows Open Office Template (.dotx) contains document layout settings that can be applied to OOXML .docx files. The Microsoft Word OOXML Document (.docx) has been the default format for the Microsoft Word family of word processing software since 2007. The Office Open XML version of .docx and .dotx have an open international standard, and .dotx files contain formatting unique to the document creator, so it is recommended to retain as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00590" ; rdfs:label "NF00590" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template" ; wikidata:p1195 "dotx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/597" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word#Templates" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_standards/ms-docx/b839fe1f-e1ca-4fa6-8c26-5954d0abbccd" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28600479" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Word Open Office XML Template" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Current supported version Microsoft Word; older versions may not be supported, test on a case-by-case basis." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DOTX" ; . naraid:NF00591 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Microsoft Word Document (.doc) was the default format for the Microsoft Word family of word processing software from 1983-2003. Microsoft Word 5 for DOS was released in 1989; all DOS versions of .doc are significantly different from their Windows and Macintosh counterpart versions. The .doc MS Word DOS File Format is proprietary but covered by Microsoft's Open Specification Promise. Due to the proprietary nature of the original format, transformation to the OpenDocument Text File (ODT) format is recommended." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00591" ; rdfs:label "NF00591" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/msword" ; wikidata:p1195 "doc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/275" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48782238" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Word for MS-DOS 5" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODT" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word" ; . naraid:NF00592 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Microsoft Word Document (.doc) was the default format for the Microsoft Word family of word processing software from 1983-2003. Microsoft Word 5.1 for DOS was released in 1990; all DOS versions of .doc are significantly different from their Windows and Macintosh counterpart versions. The .doc MS Word DOS File Format is proprietary but covered by Microsoft's Open Specification Promise. Due to the proprietary nature of the original format, transformation to the OpenDocument Text File (ODT) format is recommended." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00592" ; rdfs:label "NF00592" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/msword" ; wikidata:p1195 "doc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/276" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48782394" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Word for MS-DOS 5.5" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODT" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word" ; . naraid:NF00593 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The MOBI or Mobipocket eBook format is based on the Open eBook standard using XHTML and can include JavaScript and frames." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00593" ; rdfs:label "NF00593" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-mobipocket-ebook" ; wikidata:p1195 "mobi" ; wikidata:p1195 "prc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/396" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000472.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/ebook/mobi/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobipocket" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/5/5b/Mobipocket_Assessment_v1.1a.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.mobileread.com/wiki/MOBI" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27996279" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "MOBI ebook" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Calibre """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MOBI" ; . naraid:NF00594 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "BSON is the binary extension of JSON used to serialize data in MongoDB. There is a specification but this is a binary file specific to a single database application." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00594" ; rdfs:label "NF00594" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/bson" ; wikidata:p1195 "bson" ; wikidata:p973 "http://bsonspec.org/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BSON" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2661480" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "BSON" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. The bsondump commandline tool will convert bson into plain text, including JSON, but requires the MongoDB framework. Supported hex editors may open bson files." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/BSON" ; . naraid:NF00595 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding (MP4, H.264, or MPEG-4 Part 10) is a lossy video compression standard and is part of the extensive Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) family. MPEG-4 with Advanced Video Coding was released in 2004. While it has a patent, MPEG is an open standard and is still supported by the Moving Picture Experts Group. MP4 is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance. It is preferred to retain MP4 files as-is since the file format is well documented, prevalent in the field, and there are open source tools available for transcoding." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00595" ; rdfs:label "NF00595" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/H264" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/mp4" ; wikidata:p1195 "mp4" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpa" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000081.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Video_Coding" ; wikidata:p973 "https://mpeg.chiariglione.org/standards/mpeg-4/video" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-H.264" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212633" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding (H.264)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/H.264" ; . naraid:NF00596 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "MPEG-1 Audio Layer 1 (MP1) is a compressed audio format that is a simplified version of Layer 2. The standard was published in 1993 by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG). MPEG-1 Audio Layer 1 has the least complexity of the MPEG audio layers so it is normally used for generic sound waves and to code all types of sound signals. While MPEG-1 has an open specification, it works for one- and two-channel audio signals and is not lossless. Therefore, it is recommended to retain MP1 files as-is. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00596" ; rdfs:label "NF00596" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/MPA" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/mpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "mp1" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/347" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG-1_Audio_Layer_I" ; wikidata:p973 "https://mpeg.chiariglione.org/standards/mpeg-1/audio" ; wikidata:p973 "https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3003" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336284" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "MPEG-1 Audio Layer 1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MPEG_Audio_Layer_I" ; . naraid:NF00597 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "MPEG Audio Layer 2 (MP2) is a lossy compressed format for digital audio that was released in the early 1990s by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG). MP2 was derived from the MUSICAM codec and is used for digital audio broadcasting due to its simplicity and error resistance. Layer 2 encoding can be either MPEG-1 or MPEG-2. MPEG Audio Layer 2 is an open standard and still supported by MPEG. It is widely used in the community and has open source tools available for transcoding. Therefore, it is recommended to retain MP2 files as-is. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00597" ; rdfs:label "NF00597" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/MPA" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/mpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "mp2" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/198" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000338.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/audio/mp2/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG-1_Audio_Layer_II" ; wikidata:p973 "https://mpeg.chiariglione.org/standards/mpeg-2/audio" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q592654" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "MPEG Audio Layer 2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MPEG_Audio_Layer_II" ; . naraid:NF00598 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "MySQL is a freely available suite of database tools. MySQL is still actively developed and supported in the marketplace. InnoDB IDB database files can be transformed to a more sustainable format that preserves the record content, and can be accompanied by available documentation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00598" ; rdfs:label "NF00598" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-mysql-db" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-mysql-misam-data" ; wikidata:p1195 "ibd" ; wikidata:p973 "https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-init-startup-configuration.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySQL" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27996251" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "MySQL InnoDB Database" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. MySQL is required to open the files for conversion """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MySQL" ; . naraid:NF00599 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "MySQL is a freely available suite of database tools. MySQL is still actively developed and supported in the marketplace. MyISAM MYD or MYI database files can be transformed to a more sustainable format that preserves the record content, and can be accompanied by available documentation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00599" ; rdfs:label "NF00599" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-mysql-db" ; wikidata:p1195 "myd" ; wikidata:p1195 "myi" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1197" ; wikidata:p973 "https://dev.mysql.com/doc/internals/en/myisam-column-attributes.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://dev.mysql.com/doc/internals/en/myisam-introduction.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySQL" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917941" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "MySQL MyISAM Database" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. MySQL is required to open the files for conversion """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MySQL" ; . naraid:NF00600 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "DCT is an audio file format developed by NCH Software for use in their dictation software. DCT files contain audio data, which may be encoded with a number of codecs such as MP3 or GSM, and dictation header information. Because the format is intended for use in medical dictation, files may be encrypted. DCT is proprietary and there is no published specification. NARA recommends transforming DCT to MP3." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00600" ; rdfs:label "NF00600" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/basic" ; wikidata:p1195 "dct" ; wikidata:p1195 "wav" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1280" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.nch.com.au/express/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27960082" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "NCH Dictation Audio File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to MP3" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. Express Scribe Transcription Software can play back .dct files. Switch Sound File Converter can convert between DCT and a number of other formats. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DCT" ; . naraid:NF00601 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "OpenType is a format for scalable computer fonts, built on its predecessor TrueType and adding data structures for prescribing typographic behavior. OpenType began migrating to an open standard under the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) within the MPEG group as ISO Standard ISO/IEC 14496-22 (MPEG-4 Part 22) called Open Font Format. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00601" ; rdfs:label "NF00601" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-font-otf" ; wikidata:p1195 "otf" ; wikidata:p1195 "ttf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/520" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.adobe.com/products/type/opentype/opentype-faq.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenType" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/typography/opentype/spec/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q260180" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "OpenType Font" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/OpenType" ; . naraid:NF00602 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF/A-2 is based on PDF 1.7. It is considered preferred or acceptable per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00602" ; rdfs:label "NF00602" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/476" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000320.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/pdf/a/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/A" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/2/22/PDFA_Assessment_v1.0.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/50655.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26545877" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format/Archiving (PDF/A-2a) accessible" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00603 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Pulse Code Modulated (PCM) is an audio encoding method, originally developed in 1939 for digitally encoding analog signals. It is widely used, including as the default encoding for WAVE and AIFF. PCM is uncompressed by default and uses linear sampling, with various subtypes including µ-law, A-Law, Differential PCM (DPCM), Adaptive PCM (ADPCM), and Linear Pulse Code Modulated (LPCM). Some of these subtypes may be compressed. wHILE PCM is well documented and widely used for encoding, NARA recommends transforming PCM files to BWF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00603" ; rdfs:label "NF00603" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/L16" ; wikidata:p1195 "L16" ; wikidata:p1195 "aiff" ; wikidata:p1195 "au" ; wikidata:p1195 "pcm" ; wikidata:p1195 "wav" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-cmp/3" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000016.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulse-code_modulation" ; wikidata:p973 "https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2586" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13043846" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Pulse Code Modulated" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to BWF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; Audacity """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PCM" ; . naraid:NF00604 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "RealAudio (RA) is a streaming audio format that uses a variety of audio codecs that range from low-bitrate formats to high-fidelity formats. Some of the codecs remain proprietary and streaming relies on the proprietary Real Data Transport protocol. RealAudio was developed by RealNetworks and first released in 1995. RealAudio can be packaged with RealVideo (.RV) in a RealMedia (.RM) container. RealAudio has never officially been discontinued, but there is little public documentation and it is proprietary and has cross compatibility issues. There are open source tools available for transcoding and replay. Therefore, it is recommended to transform RA files to MP3 or WAV." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00604" ; rdfs:label "NF00604" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/vnd.rn-realaudio" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-pn-realaudio" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-realaudio" ; wikidata:p1195 "ra" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/404" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000051.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/audio/ra/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RealAudio" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php/RealMedia" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201093" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "RealAudio" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to MP3 or WAV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/RealAudio" ; . naraid:NF00605 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "An RDF file is a document written in the Resource Description Framework (RDF) language, which is used to represent structured information about resources on the web. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00605" ; rdfs:label "NF00605" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/rdf+xml" ; wikidata:p1195 "rdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/875" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDF/XML" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-syntax-grammar/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48940" ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "Resource Description Framework (RDF) XML Triple" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/RDF" ; . naraid:NF00606 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Rich Text Format (RTF) is a document file format. RTF was initially released in 1987 by Microsoft and was continually maintained along with later versions until the last version in 2008 for cross-platform document interchange among Microsoft products. RTF version 1.1 was released in 1989, which allowed font embedding. RTF is also widely-supported by non-Microsoft applications, even though it is a proprietary format. Most word processors can read and write RTF files, and are encoded using plain text, most often 7-bit ASCII, with runs of text with non-ASCII characters requiring conversion to appropriate code values. Due to the proprietary nature of the original format, transformation to PDF is recommended as well as retaining the original." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00606" ; rdfs:label "NF00606" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/rtf" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/rtf" ; wikidata:p1195 "rtf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/45" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000473.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20221006125118/http://www.snake.net/software/RTF/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29944773" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Rich Text Format 1.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF and retain original" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; . naraid:NF00607 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Rich Text Format (RTF) is a document file format. RTF was initially released in 1987 by Microsoft and was continually maintained along with later versions until the last version in 2008 for cross-platform document interchange among Microsoft products. RTF version 1.2 was released in 1993 and has an open specification. RTF is also widely-supported by non-Microsoft applications, even though it is a proprietary format. Most word processors can read and write RTF files, and are encoded using plain text, most often 7-bit ASCII, with runs of text with non-ASCII characters requiring conversion to appropriate code values. Due to the proprietary nature of the original format, transformation to PDF is recommended as well as retaining the original." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00607" ; rdfs:label "NF00607" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/rtf" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/rtf" ; wikidata:p1195 "rtf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/45" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000473.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://latex2rtf.sourceforge.net/RTF-Spec-1.2.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29944776" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Rich Text Format 1.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF and retain original" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; . naraid:NF00608 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Rich Text Format (RTF) is a document file format. RTF was initially released in 1987 by Microsoft and was continually maintained along with later versions until 2008 for cross-platform document interchange among Microsoft products. RTF version 1.3 was released in 1994 and has an open specification. It is also widely-supported by non-Microsoft applications, even though it is a proprietary format. Most word processors can read and write RTF files, and are encoded using plain text, most often 7-bit ASCII, with runs of text with non-ASCII characters requiring conversion to appropriate code values. Due to the proprietary nature of the original format, transformation to PDF is recommended as well as retaining the original." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00608" ; rdfs:label "NF00608" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/rtf" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/rtf" ; wikidata:p1195 "rtf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/45" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000473.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://latex2rtf.sourceforge.net/RTF-Spec-1.3.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://latex2rtf.sourceforge.net/RTF-Spec-1.3.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29944777" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Rich Text Format 1.3" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF and retain original" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; . naraid:NF00609 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Rich Text Format (RTF) is a document file format. RTF was initially released in 1987 by Microsoft and was continually maintained along with later versions until the last version in 2008 for cross-platform document interchange among Microsoft products. RTF version 1.4 was released in 1995 with Windows 95 to make it device-independent. RTF is also widely-supported by non-Microsoft applications, even though it is a proprietary format. Most word processors can read and write RTF files, and are encoded using plain text, most often 7-bit ASCII, with runs of text with non-ASCII characters requiring conversion to appropriate code values. Due to the proprietary nature of the original format, transformation to PDF is recommended as well as retaining the original." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00609" ; rdfs:label "NF00609" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/rtf" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/rtf" ; wikidata:p1195 "rtf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/45" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000473.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29944779" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Rich Text Format 1.4" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF and retain original" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; . naraid:NF00610 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Rich Text Format (RTF) is a document file format. RTF was initially released in 1987 by Microsoft and was continually maintained along with later versions until the last version in 2008 for cross-platform document interchange among Microsoft products. RTF version 1.5 was released in 1997 with Office 97 and has an open specification. It was the first version of RTF to support Unicode character encoding, and also defined the inclusion of some still image formats, including PNG and JPEG. RTF is also widely-supported by non-Microsoft applications, even though it is a proprietary format. Most word processors can read and write RTF files, and are encoded using plain text, most often 7-bit ASCII, with runs of text with non-ASCII characters requiring conversion to appropriate code values. Due to the proprietary nature of the original format, transformation to PDF is recommended as well as retaining the original." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00610" ; rdfs:label "NF00610" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/rtf" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/rtf" ; wikidata:p1195 "rtf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/50" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000473.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://latex2rtf.sourceforge.net/RTF-Spec-1.5.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.biblioscape.com/rtf15_spec.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29944780" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Rich Text Format 1.5" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF and retain original" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; . naraid:NF00611 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Rich Text Format (RTF) is a document file format. RTF was initially released in 1987 by Microsoft and was continually maintained along with later versions until the last version in 2008 for cross-platform document interchange among Microsoft products. RTF version 1.6 was released in 1999 with Office 2000 and has an open specification. This version of RTF introduced nested tables. RTF is also widely-supported by non-Microsoft applications, even though it is a proprietary format. Most word processors can read and write RTF files, and are encoded using plain text, most often 7-bit ASCII, with runs of text with non-ASCII characters requiring conversion to appropriate code values. Due to the proprietary nature of the original format, transformation to PDF is recommended as well as retaining the original." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00611" ; rdfs:label "NF00611" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/rtf" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/rtf" ; wikidata:p1195 "rtf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/50" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000473.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://latex2rtf.sourceforge.net/rtfspec.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/office/developer/office2000/aa140277(v=office.10)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29944782" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Rich Text Format 1.6" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF and retain original" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; . naraid:NF00612 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Rich Text Format (RTF) is a document file format. RTF was initially released in 1987 by Microsoft and was continually maintained along with later versions until the last version in 2008 for cross-platform document interchange among Microsoft products. RTF version 1.7 was released in 2001 and has an open specification. RTF is also widely-supported by non-Microsoft applications, even though it is a proprietary format. Most word processors can read and write RTF files, and are encoded using plain text, most often 7-bit ASCII, with runs of text with non-ASCII characters requiring conversion to appropriate code values. Due to the proprietary nature of the original format, transformation to PDF is recommended as well as retaining the original." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00612" ; rdfs:label "NF00612" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/rtf" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/rtf" ; wikidata:p1195 "rtf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/52" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000473.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://latex2rtf.sourceforge.net/RTF-Spec-1.7.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://latex2rtf.sourceforge.net/RTF-Spec-1.7.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29944783" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Rich Text Format 1.7" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF and retain original" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; . naraid:NF00613 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Rich Text Format (RTF) is a document file format. RTF was initially released in 1987 by Microsoft and was continually maintained along with later versions until the last version in 2008 for cross-platform document interchange among Microsoft products. RTF version 1.8 was released in 2004 and has an open specification. RTF is also widely-supported by non-Microsoft applications, even though it is a proprietary format. Most word processors can read and write RTF files, and are encoded using plain text, most often 7-bit ASCII, with runs of text with non-ASCII characters requiring conversion to appropriate code values. Due to the proprietary nature of the original format, transformation to PDF is recommended as well as retaining the original." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00613" ; rdfs:label "NF00613" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/rtf" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/rtf" ; wikidata:p1195 "rtf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/53" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000473.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://ysagnier.free.fr/formats/rtf/rtf-spec-1-8.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29944785" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Rich Text Format 1.8" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF and retain original" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; . naraid:NF00614 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Rich Text Format (RTF) is a document file format. RTF was initially released in 1987 by Microsoft and was continually maintained along with later versions until the last version in 2008 for cross-platform document interchange among Microsoft products. RTF version 1.9.1 was released in 2008 and has an open specification. This version of RTF allowed for XML markup and password protection. RTF is also widely-supported by non-Microsoft applications, even though it is a proprietary format. Most word processors can read and write RTF files, and are encoded using plain text, most often 7-bit ASCII, with runs of text with non-ASCII characters requiring conversion to appropriate code values. Due to the proprietary nature of the original format, transformation to PDF is recommended as well as retaining the original." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00614" ; rdfs:label "NF00614" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/rtf" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/rtf" ; wikidata:p1195 "rtf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/355" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000473.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20200806195136/https://interoperability.blob.core.windows.net/files/Archive_References/%5BMSFT-RTF%5D.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29944786" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Rich Text Format 1.9" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF and retain original" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; . naraid:NF00615 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "SAS transport data set files are machine-independent files that let you move SAS data sets between computers running different operating systems." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00615" ; rdfs:label "NF00615" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-sas-xport" ; wikidata:p1195 "xpt" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000466.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://support.sas.com/techsup/technote/ts140.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAS_(software)" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "SAS Transport File Format (xport) 5" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV if possible, otherwise retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. SAS transport data set files can be opened by several statistical software packages in addition to SAS, including SPSS and BMDP." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SAS_Transport_File" ; . naraid:NF00616 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "SAS transport data set files are machine-independent files that let you move SAS data sets between computers running different operating systems." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00616" ; rdfs:label "NF00616" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-sas-xport" ; wikidata:p1195 "xpt" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000467.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://support.sas.com/techsup/technote/ts140_2.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAS_(software)" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "SAS Transport File Format (xport) for Windows 8.x" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV if possible, otherwise retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. SAS transport data set files can be opened by several statistical software packages in addition to SAS, including SPSS and BMDP." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SAS_Transport_File" ; . naraid:NF00617 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "SAS transport data set files are machine-independent files that let you move SAS data sets between computers running different operating systems." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00617" ; rdfs:label "NF00617" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-sas-xport" ; wikidata:p1195 "xpt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/603" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000464.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://support.sas.com/techsup/technote/ts140_2.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAS_(software)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59468295" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "SAS Transport File Format (xport) for Windows 9.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV if possible, otherwise retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. SAS transport data set files can be opened by several statistical software packages in addition to SAS, including SPSS and BMDP." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SAS_Transport_File" ; . naraid:NF00618 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Software-Independent Archiving of Relational Databases (SIARD) 2.0 is a file format for storing the contents of relational databases in a vendor-neutral format for digital preservation. A SIARD file is a ZIP archive containing an XML file that describes the database structure, as well as XML files for the table contents. There may also be additional text or binary files for large objects. Version 2.0 of the format was developed by the Swiss Federal Archives and the European Archival Records and Knowledge Preservation (E-ARK) project, and combined the best practices of several database archiving formats. SIARD 2.0 was released in June 2016. The SIARD format is not proprietary and has a published, open specification. NARA recommends retaining as-is. SIARD is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00618" ; rdfs:label "NF00618" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/xml+zip" ; wikidata:p1195 "siard" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/995" ; wikidata:p973 "https://dilcis.eu/content-types/siard" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_preservation#SIARD" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27861474" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "SIARD 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """DBPTK Database Preservation Toolkit """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SIARD" ; . naraid:NF00619 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Software-Independent Archiving of Relational Databases (SIARD) 2.1 is a file format for storing the contents of relational databases in a vendor-neutral format for digital preservation. A SIARD file is a ZIP archive containing an XML file that describes the database structure, as well as XML files for the table contents. There may also be additional text or binary files for large objects. Version 2.1 is an update of Version 2.0, but is not considered an official Swiss E-Government standard. SIARD 2.1 was released in 2018, with a correction issued in 2019 as 2.1.1. The SIARD format is not proprietary and has a published, open specification. NARA recommends retaining as-is. SIARD is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00619" ; rdfs:label "NF00619" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/xml+zip" ; wikidata:p1195 "siard" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1196" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_preservation#SIARD" ; wikidata:p973 "https://github.com/DILCISBoard/SIARD/blob/master/specification/2018-12-04_SIARD_Format_Version-2_1-English.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113956223" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "SIARD 2.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """DBPTK Database Preservation Toolkit """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SIARD" ; . naraid:NF00620 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "vCalendar is an electronic calendaring and scheduling exchange format. It is a predecessor to the iCalendar format. vCalendar is an open format created in 1996 by the Internet Mail Consortium, and has been primarily used in Microsoft Outlook. As most applications now favor iCalendar and there is not as much support for vCalendar, these files should be converted to CSV for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00620" ; rdfs:label "NF00620" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/x-vcalendar" ; wikidata:p1195 "vc" ; wikidata:p1195 "vcs" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/387" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20000816001520/http://www.imc.org/pdi/vcal-10.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q292565" ; nara:category naraid:Calendars ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "vCalendar" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Microsoft Outlook """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/VCalendar" ; . naraid:NF00621 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Visual FoxPro Class Library (VCX) files are specialized binary database tables used to store definitions for visual programming language class libraries. A VCX file is typically accompanied by an associated VCT visual class library memo text file. Visual FoxPro is a programming language developed by Microsoft that is tightly integrated with its own relational database engine, derived from FoxPro and FoxBase. The initial release was version 3.0 in 1995, the final service pack for Version 9.0 was released in 2007. VCX is proprietary, does not have a published open specification, and is not actively maintained and updated by an organization. The format is closed and proprietary and the software for creating the files is no longer sold or supported, but this is a binary format that cannot be easily migrated without losing functionality so these files will be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00621" ; rdfs:label "NF00621" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "vcx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/379" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61984319" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Visual FoxPro Class Library" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:vcx" ; . naraid:NF00623 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Web ARChive (WARC) is a container archive format that specifies a method for aggregating multiple digital resources. It is the predominant format for web archives in use by the international web archiving community. WARC is the successor to the ARC file format and allows for the capture of more metadata and better long-term management of web archives. WARCs are commonly compressed with gzip and have a .warc.gz extension. It was developed through the International Internet Preservation Consortium and WARC 1.1 was standardized by ISO in 2017. Version 1.1 resolves an ambiguity from the Version 1.0 standard related to a uri grammar rule. Web archives in general should never be migrated, as that would change the fundamental linkages and functionality of web objects. WARC 1.1 is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00623" ; rdfs:label "NF00623" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/warc" ; wikidata:p1195 "warc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1281" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000236.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_ARChive" ; wikidata:p973 "https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://replayweb.page" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84037847" ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Web ARChive (WARC) 1.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """pywb or OpenWayback for the processing of the WARC contents """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WARC" ; . naraid:NF00624 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Used primarily for system-related and ephemeral purposes, such as icons, screen-grabs, and passing of bit-mapped images between Windows applications. Bitmaps are not usually delivered to the public; it is unclear if the files represent software specific functions or represent raster image files. Bitmaps could have been created in Microsoft Paint/Paintbrush." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00624" ; rdfs:label "NF00624" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/bmp" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-bmp" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-ms-bmp" ; wikidata:p1195 "bmp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/118" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/bmp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMP_file_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/bmp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/gdi/bitmap-storage" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/bmp/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27596325" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Windows Bitmap 4.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/BMP#Windows_BMP_v4" ; . naraid:NF00625 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Used primarily for system-related and ephemeral purposes, such as icons, screen-grabs, and passing of bit-mapped images between Windows applications. Bitmaps are not usually delivered to the public; it is unclear if the files represent software specific functions or represent raster image files. Bitmaps could have been created in Microsoft Paint/Paintbrush." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00625" ; rdfs:label "NF00625" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/bmp" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-bmp" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-ms-bmp" ; wikidata:p1195 "bmp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/119" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000189.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/bmp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMP_file_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/bmp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/gdi/bitmap-storage" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27596417" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Windows Bitmap 5.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/BMP#Windows_BMP_v5" ; . naraid:NF00627 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Windows Media Video 9 (WMV) is a proprietary set of video codecs and their corresponding video coding formats developed by Microsoft in 1999. There are 3 codecs for this standard, this version of the format uses the WVC1 codec. WMV video is stored in the proprietary Microsoft Advanced Systems Format (ASF) container. The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) developed the VC-1 standard based on WMV Windows Media Video 9 (aka WMV9) in 2003. Files using the WVC1 codec are fully compliant with the Advanced Profile of VC-1. WMV files have an open specification, however there are concerns related to the application of digital rights management. NARA recommends transforming WMV files to AVI for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00627" ; rdfs:label "NF00627" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/x-ms-wmv" ; wikidata:p1195 "wmv" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/441" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/video/wmv/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VC-1#WVC1" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/medfound/windowsmediavideo9encoder" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1999018" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "Windows Media Video with Windows Media Video 9 Advanced Profile (WVC1) Codec" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to AVI" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player with ASF codec """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WMV" ; . naraid:NF00630 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Windows Registry contains information, settings, options, and other values for programs and hardware installed on all versions of Microsoft Windows operating systems. REG Registry files are plain text that are stored in the binary Registry. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00630" ; rdfs:label "NF00630" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/x-properties" ; wikidata:p1195 "dat" ; wikidata:p1195 "reg" ; wikidata:p973 "http://formats.kaitai.io/regf/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Registry" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/windows_registry/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-US/troubleshoot/windows-server/performance/windows-registry-advanced-users" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463244" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Windows Registry Files" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor; Windows Registry Editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Windows_Registry" ; . naraid:NF00633 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "WordPerfect is a proprietary word processing application currently owned by Corel Corporation. This version is well-documented but not currently supported. WordPerfect 4.2 introduced automatic paragraph numbering and automated footnoting, of particular use for legal and academic professionals. Conversion via open source or commercial applications to alternative formats is possible, but challenging, special attention must be paid to fonts and encryption. Conversions are likely to be imperfect. Support for conversion from WPD is provided by an actively maintained (Openhub, 2014) open source library: libwpd (libwpd, 2014). Corel supports a number of WordPerfect viewers (including for mobile devices) as well as the latest WordPerfect application itself." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00633" ; rdfs:label "NF00633" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.wordperfect" ; wikidata:p1195 "wp4" ; wikidata:p1195 "wpd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/949" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats//fdd/fdd000621.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.columbia.edu/~em36/wpdos/wp42ff.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; wikidata:p973 "https://winworldpc.com/product/wordperfect/4x-dos" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50308743" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "WordPerfect 4 for DOS" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODT" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; . naraid:NF00634 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF/A-2 is based on PDF 1.7. It is considered preferred or acceptable per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00634" ; rdfs:label "NF00634" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/477" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000322.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/pdf/a/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/A" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/2/22/PDFA_Assessment_v1.0.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/50655.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26546575" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format/Archiving (PDF/A-2b) basic" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00635 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Intergraph Raster (INGR) format was developed in 1986 to store raster data for manufacturing, publishing, CAD, GIS, and remote sensing applications. Intergraph applications are associated with many file extensions, including .cot, .ctc, .rgb, .ctb, .grd, .crl, .tpe, .lsr, .rle, .cit, .g3, .g4, .tg4, .cmp, .jpg, .itg, .t27, .t29, and .ing. The .CRL extension is generally used for 8 or 16 bit, run-length compressed grayscale or color table data, but this was never standardized and may vary. There may be several different extensions used for the same type of INGR file, or many different file types associated with the same extension, and different Intergraph customers used their own extensions. Due to this instability and lack of current support, INGR files should be transformed to TIFF files (GeoTIFF for GIS files) - this transformation is recommended by Intergraph itself." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00635" ; rdfs:label "NF00635" ; wikidata:p1195 "crl" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/229" ; wikidata:p973 "https://iho.int/uploads/user/pubs/standards/s-61/S61E.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20140903185431/http://oreilly.com/www/centers/gff/formats/ingr/index.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28206359" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:category naraid:NavCharts ; nara:formatName "Intergraph Raster Format" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Intergraph_Raster" ; . naraid:NF00636 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "BSB is a format used by some hydrographic offices in the production of Raster Nautical Charts (RNCs). Although primarily used for marine navigation, the format is capable of representing a wide variety of maps and charts. BSB consists of a documentation file and one or more image files. The binary raster files of chart information use the .kap (or .cap) extension, and ASCII .bsb files contain data about the raster file. The format was originally developed by MapTech, but it is now an open standard. In order to retain significant properties, BSB files should not be transformed at this time. BSB is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00636" ; rdfs:label "NF00636" ; wikidata:p1195 "bsb" ; wikidata:p1195 "cap" ; wikidata:p1195 "kap" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1875" ; wikidata:p973 "http://libbsb.sourceforge.net/bsb_file_format.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://opencpn.org/wiki/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=opencpn:supplementary_software:chart_conversion_manual:bsb_kap_file_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27823992" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:category naraid:NavCharts ; nara:formatName "BSB" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to KML" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FME """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/BSB" ; . naraid:NF00637 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Electronic navigational charts (ENCs) are vector datasets that conform to the S-57 specification from the International Hydrographic Organization. ENCs are used with an Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) for marine navigation. Currently, all hydrographic authorities must produce ENCs that conform to the S-57 specification. In order to retain significant properties, ENCs should not be transformed at this time. S-57 ENC is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00637" ; rdfs:label "NF00637" ; wikidata:p1195 "0xx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1935" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_navigational_chart" ; wikidata:p973 "https://iho.int/en/standards-and-specifications" ; wikidata:p973 "https://iho.int/uploads/user/pubs/standards/s-57/31Main.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29644049" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:category naraid:NavCharts ; nara:formatName "S-57 Electronic Navigation Chart" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; . naraid:NF00638 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "High Efficiency Image File Format (HEIF) is a container format, which can store image items (e.g., individual images, properties, thumbnails); image derivations (e.g., derivatives created in support of editing an image); image sequences (e.g., \"Live Photo\" tracks); encoded images (e.g., HEIC files); and image metadata, as well as other media streams (e.g., audio, timed text, and video). Extensions include .heif (pertaining to one or more single images) and .heifs (, pertaining to a sequence of images). The default codec for HEIF is HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding) for compression, resulting in a smaller file size in comparison to formats such as JPEG. The format was developed by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) beginning in 2013 and finalized in 2015, with its related standards information further defined via ISO/IEC 23008-12 (MPEG-H, Part 12.) HEIF was adopted by Apple in 2017 and has greater operating system compatibility within Apple iOS and Mac OS compared to other operating systems, such as Windows. While some formats contained within HEIF may be considered open (e.g., AVIF), many are proprietary. Prior to taking any preservation action, efforts to identify the features of the HEIF container can inform subsequent decision-making. An additional complexity is the potential impact to contained information, which may have consequences for digital forensic considerations, e.g., potentially impacting any \"hidden\" data, images, or other elements within. On the condition that the HEIF can be easily rendered, it is recommended to leave as-is; however, transformation to TIFF, JPEG, or PNG can be considered provided that the format's complexities are taken into account and it is determined that the quality and functionality of the HEIF contents are in line with typical renderings of still images." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00638" ; rdfs:label "NF00638" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/heif" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/heif-sequence" ; wikidata:p1195 "heif" ; wikidata:p1195 "heifs" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1101" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000525.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/heif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Efficiency_Image_File_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/83650.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24907733" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "High Efficiency Image File Format (HEIF)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Depends on features, see Description and Justification for more information" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """HEIF Image Extension; GNU Image Manipulation Program; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/HEIF" ; . naraid:NF00639 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "High Efficiency Image Container (HEIC) file format is an image format that is a sub-type of the High Efficiency Image File Format (HEIF) container format and it is also associated with the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) codec for compression. Extensions include .heic (pertaining to one or more single images) and .heics (pertaining to a sequence or \"track\" of images). A similar related extension is .hif (pertaining to HEIF/heix files generated by Canon or Sony cameras.) The HEIF wrapper was developed by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) beginning in 2013 and finalized in 2015, with its related standards information further defined via ISO/IEC 23008-12 (MPEG-H, Part 12). HEIF was adopted by Apple in 2017 and has greater operating system compatibility within Apple iOS and Mac OS in comparison to other operating systems, such as Windows. HEIC has been intended to serve as a space-saving format, notably in use by Apple on iPhone devices; as such, it may be considered \"de facto proprietary\" due to Apple's adoption and implementation within a specific yet predominant use context—compatibility and rendering across other applications and systems are generally limited. Prior to taking any preservation action, efforts to identify the features of the HEIF container can inform subsequent decision-making. An additional complexity is the potential impact to contained information, which may have consequences for digital forensic considerations, e.g., potentially impacting any \"hidden\" data, images, or other elements within the HEIF. On the condition that the HEIF/HEIC can be easily rendered, it is recommended to leave as-is; however, transformation of HEIC to TIFF, JPEG, or PNG can be considered provided that HEIF/HEIC complexities are taken into account and it is determined that the quality and functionality of the contents are in line with typical renderings of still images." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00639" ; rdfs:label "NF00639" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/heic" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/heic-sequence" ; wikidata:p1195 "heic" ; wikidata:p1195 "heics" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000526.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/heic/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Efficiency_Image_File_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/83650.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000530.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24907733" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "High Efficiency Image File Format with HEVC compression (HEIC)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Depends on features, see Description and Justification for more information" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """HEIF Image Extension; GNU Image Manipulation Program; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/HEIF" ; . naraid:NF00640 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Verity was document management software. A collection is the fundamental structure underlying the search capabilities of Verity applications. A .pdd file contains a partition map file that's part of the collection." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00640" ; rdfs:label "NF00640" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "ddd" ; wikidata:p1195 "did" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdd" ; wikidata:p1195 "wld" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/461" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E05317_01/psft/acrobat/dm0708.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105856645" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Verity Collection Index Descriptor File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Assess ; nara:preservationPlan "Further research is required" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Further research is required """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Verity" ; "These files are likely non-records, but accompanied records when transferred to NARA." ; . naraid:NF00641 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "JPEG File Interchange Format (JFIF) is an image file format that contains image data encoded with the JPEG algorithm and can have lossy compression. This file format is often referred to as JPEG, but JPEG is the encoding and JFIF is the file format. JFIF 1.00 was developed by C-Cube Microsystems and Independent JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) group in 1991 and was only released to a small group of industry representatives before 1.01 was released to the public shortly after. Version 1.02 of JFIF is fully disclosed with an open standard and is the most commonly used version. NARA retains JFIF as-is since the files can be easily opened and the format is prevalent in the field. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00641" ; rdfs:label "NF00641" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/jpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpe" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpg" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000017.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/jpeg/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/jpeg/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26329975" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "JPEG unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/JPEG" ; "A number of JPEGs in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00641 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00642 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF/A-2 is based on PDF 1.7. It is considered preferred or acceptable per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00642" ; rdfs:label "NF00642" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/478" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000321.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/pdf/a/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/A" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/50655.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26547266" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format/Archiving (PDF/A-2u) unicode" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00643 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF/A-3 specifies the use of PDF 1.7 with embedded files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00643" ; rdfs:label "NF00643" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/479" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000360.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/pdf/a/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/A" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.digitalpreservation.gov/documents/NDSA_PDF_A3_report_final022014.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/57229.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26547917" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format/Archiving (PDF/A-3a) accessible" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00644 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF/A-3 specifies the use of PDF 1.7 with embedded files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00644" ; rdfs:label "NF00644" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/480" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000360.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/pdf/a/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/A" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/57229.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26548590" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format/Archiving (PDF/A-3b) basic" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00645 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF/A-3 specifies the use of PDF 1.7 with embedded files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00645" ; rdfs:label "NF00645" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/481" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000360.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/pdf/a/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/A" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/57229.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26549229" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format/Archiving (PDF/A-3u) unicode" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00646 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF/A-4 is based on PDF 2.0. PDF/A-4 documents may or may not contain tags, and do not have the A/B/U conformance levels of PDF/A-2 and A-3. PDF/A-4 documents may or may not contain file attachments." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00646" ; rdfs:label "NF00646" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1910" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000532.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/pdf/a/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/A" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/71832.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123594568" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format/Archiving (PDF/A-4)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00647 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Portable Network Graphics (PNG) was designed for the lossless, portable, compressed storage of raster images. The main reason for the creation of the PNG format was due to a patent issue with the Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) file format. PNG was first released in 1996 through the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and the specification is actively maintained by the W3C's PNG Working Group. Since PNG is non-proprietary, widely adopted, and has software available for rendering, NARA recommends retaining PNG as-is. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family. Since PNG is non-proprietary, widely adopted, and has software available for rendering, NARA recommends retaining PNG as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00647" ; rdfs:label "NF00647" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/png" ; wikidata:p1195 "png" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000153.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/png/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Network_Graphics" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178051" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Portable Network Graphics unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PNG" ; "A number of PNGs in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00647 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00648 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe InDesign (.INDD, .IND, .INDT) is a professional desktop publishing program. The software was developed in 1999 as the successor to Aldus PageMaker, which had been acquired by Adobe in 1994. It is used to create print documents such as books, magazines, and brochures; files contain formatting and graphics elements and linked images. Adobe InDesign is a proprietary format and should be converted to PDF for preservation. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00648" ; rdfs:label "NF00648" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-adobe-indesign" ; wikidata:p1195 "ind" ; wikidata:p1195 "indd" ; wikidata:p1195 "indt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/450" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_InDesign" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59914742" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Adobe InDesign Document unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe InDesign """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/INDD" ; "A number of Adobe InDesign Documents in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00648 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00649 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "AutoCAD Drawing,or DWG, is a vector graphics file format for storing two and three dimensional design data. It was first developed in the 1970s for the Interact CAD package, and in 1982 was licensed by Autodesk for use as the native file format in AutoCAD. Although proprietary, DWG has been adopted as the native format by other Computer-Aided Design applications and is widely used. Other files that AutoCAD produces are also DWG files, including .bak (drawing backup), .dws (drawing standards), and .dwt (drawing template). \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transforming DWG to Adobe Geospatial PDF for preservation, as well as retaining the original." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00649" ; rdfs:label "NF00649" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-acad" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-autocad" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/vnd.dwg" ; wikidata:p1195 "dwg" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000445.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.dwg" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.scan2cad.com/blog/dwg/file-spec/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053358" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "AutoCAD Drawing unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to Adobe Geospatial PDF and retain DWG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper; AutoCAD TrueView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DWG" ; "A number of AutoCAD Drawings in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00649 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00650 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Broadcast Wave (BWF) is an audio format that's designed for file-based non-linear digital recorders. BWF is based on the Microsoft WAV format as chunk-based audio and was developed in 1997 by the European Broadcasting Union with Microsoft and IBM. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family. While BWF is still proprietary to Microsoft, the format has an open specification and is an industry standard with open source tools available for transcoding. Therefore, it is recommended to try and identify the version and retain the files as-is. BWF is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00650" ; rdfs:label "NF00650" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-wav" ; wikidata:p1195 "wav" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadcast_Wave_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://tech.ebu.ch/docs/tech/tech3285.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q922446" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Broadcast Wave (BWF) unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/BWF" ; "A number of Broadcast Wave files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00650 is currently a catch-all for these. Further investigation required to determine if these .wav files are Broadcast Wave." ; . naraid:NF00651 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a document written in a markup language like HTML. CSS files are plain text. The CSS specification was first published in 1996 by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) with later version updates. CSS is an open-source file format that is widely used. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode should be retained as-is. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00651" ; rdfs:label "NF00651" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/css" ; wikidata:p1195 "css" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/224" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000482.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/web/css/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46441" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Cascading Style Sheets unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" ; "A number of CSS files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00651 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00652 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) is a raster image web graphics format that stores bitmap images in a single file. The 87a version is the original version and 89a was the second release that added support for animation delays, storage of application metadata, and a few other upgrades. The two versions can be distinguished by the first six bytes of the file. GIF 87a was created by CompuServe in 1987 and 89a was released in 1989. GIF used patent-protected LZW lossless compression; the patent was owned by Unisys but expired in 2003. GIF has an open specification and is well-documented and in wide use with a variety of software to render. GIF 87a and 89a are both considered acceptable formats for born-digital posters per NARA Transfer Guidance. It is recommended to retain GIF files as-is since the files can easily be opened and are prevalent in the field. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00652" ; rdfs:label "NF00652" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/gif" ; wikidata:p1195 "gif" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/gif/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/gif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GIF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/gif/" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/GIF" ; "A number of GIFs in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00652 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00653 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Encapsulated PostScript File Format (EPS) is a PostScript file that describes a single page. Unlike a regular PostScript (PS) file, EPS files were intended to be imported into another PostScript page description, usually as illustrations or graphics. EPS is a proprietary format that was first developed by Adobe in the 1980s. It is still maintained by Adobe and there are published open specifications. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transformation to PDF or TIFF. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00653" ; rdfs:label "NF00653" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/postscript" ; wikidata:p1195 "eps" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000029.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encapsulated_PostScript" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/eps/egff.htm" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Encapsulated PostScript File Format unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF or TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat; Adobe Illustrator; Adobe Photoshop; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/EPS" ; "A number of EPS files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00653 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00654 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a markup language that defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable. It is a plain text file that can be use to mark up data and content and provide information necessary for processing by external code for display and discovery. XML files are plain text. Web archives should never be migrated, as that would change the fundamental linkages and functionality of web objects. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00654" ; rdfs:label "NF00654" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/xml" ; wikidata:p1195 "xml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/web/xml/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/0/0e/XML_Assessment_v1.3.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2115" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "eXtensible Markup Language unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XML" ; "A number of XML files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00654 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00655 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Macromedia Flash (SWF, Shockwave Flash, Adobe Flash) files are proprietary animation files with audio and video for use in interactive multimedia applications. SWF files are compiled from proprietary Flash Project (FLA) files. SWF files were originally developed by the company FutureWave Software in 1996. It was acquired by Macromedia the same year for integration with its Shockwave brand, and later for use with its Flash Player. Macromedia was acquired by Adobe in 2005 and re-branded as Adobe Flash, which was discontinued in 2020 and no longer supported in modern web browsers. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family. Due to its discontinuation and lack of open specifications, it is recommended to transform SWF files to MP4 when possible or to retain as-is if transformation is not available." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00655" ; rdfs:label "NF00655" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.adobe.flash-movie" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-shockwave-flash" ; wikidata:p1195 "swf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/page-description-language/swf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer/end-of-life.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q594447" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Macromedia Flash unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to MP4 if possible, otherwise retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Adobe Captivate """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SWF" ; "A number of SWFs in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00655 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00656 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet tool and format developed by Microsoft for use across multiple environments. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications. It is the most ubiquitous format for spreadsheets, especially since the release of version 5 in 1993; it replaced Lotus 1-2-3 as the most common tool/format for spreadsheets. Excel is part of the Microsoft Office suite. Some versions are no longer supported by current software. Transforming allows for maintaining the files in a more sustainable format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00656" ; rdfs:label "NF00656" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-excel" ; wikidata:p1195 "xls" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000510.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Office_XML_formats" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Excel unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Depends on version, see specific version plan" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XLSX" ; "A number of Excel files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00656 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00657 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Outlook Personal Folders File Format (PST) is a data file format that may contain email folders, email messages, and optional attachments in a hierarchical structure. The PST_ANSI format was the default format for Outlook 97-2002, using the ANSI character set, and with a size limit of 2 GB. PST_ANSI was replaced as the default format starting in Outlook 2003 by PST_Unicode, which uses the Unicode character set and can support larger file sizes. PST is an open proprietary Microsoft format, with widespread use due to the prominence of the Microsoft Outlook email application. PST_ANSI is an acceptable format for imminent transfer for aggregations of email per NARA Transfer Guidance and PST_Unicode is a preferred format for aggregations of email; NARA retains PSTs while also converting aggregate PSTs to individual EML files. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00657" ; rdfs:label "NF00657" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-outlook" ; wikidata:p1195 "pst" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/email/pst/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_Storage_Table" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_file_formats/ms-pst/141923d5-15ab-4ef1-a524-6dce75aae546" ; nara:category naraid:Email ; nara:formatName "Outlook Personal Folders (PST) unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """PST Viewer Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Personal_Folder_File" ; "A number of PSTs in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00657 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00658 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft PowerPoint 97-2007 is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance. Other versions are no longer supported." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00658" ; rdfs:label "NF00658" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint" ; wikidata:p1195 "ppt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_PowerPoint" ; wikidata:p973 "https://lowendmac.com/2014/microsoft-powerpoint-for-mac-faq/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24834502" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Microsoft PowerPoint unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Depends on version, see specific version plan" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft PowerPoint; LibreOffice Impress """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PPT" ; "A number of PowerPoints in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00658 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00659 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Microsoft Word Document (.doc) was the default format for the Microsoft Word family of word processing software from 1983-2003, but still supported by Word through version 2007. Version 1.0 was first released in 1983 with subsequent versions and updates released for DOS, Windows, Unix, and the Macintosh until 2003. The structure of .doc files changed over time from a Binary File Format to a Compound File Binary Format in 1993, and then to OLE Compound Binary file in 1997. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family. Versions of .doc before 2007 are proprietary but covered by Microsoft's Open Specification Promise. Unspecified .doc files should be identified and should follow the proposed preservation plan provided for the various .doc format variants." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00659" ; rdfs:label "NF00659" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/msword" ; wikidata:p1195 "doc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Word unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Depends on version, see specific version plan" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Word; LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word" ; "A number of Word files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00659 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00660 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Rich Text Format (RTF) is a document file format. RTF was initially released in 1987 by Microsoft and was continually maintained along with later versions until the last version in 2008 for cross-platform document interchange among Microsoft products. RTF is also widely-supported by non-Microsoft applications, even though it is a proprietary format. Most word processors can read and write RTF files, and are encoded using plain text, most often 7-bit ASCII, with runs of text with non-ASCII characters requiring conversion to appropriate code values. Due to the proprietary nature of the original format, transformation to PDF is recommended as well as retaining the original. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00660" ; rdfs:label "NF00660" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/rtf" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/rtf" ; wikidata:p1195 "rtf" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000473.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Rich Text Format unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF and retain original" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Rich_Text_Format" ; "A number of RTFs in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00660 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00661 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Used primarily for system-related and ephemeral purposes, such as icons, screen-grabs, and passing of bit-mapped images between Windows applications. Bitmaps are not usually delivered to the public; it is unclear if the files represent software specific functions or represent raster image files. Bitmaps could have been created in Microsoft Paint/Paintbrush." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00661" ; rdfs:label "NF00661" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/bmp" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-bmp" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-ms-bmp" ; wikidata:p1195 "bmp" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/bmp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMP_file_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/bmp/" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Windows Bitmap unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/BMP" ; "A number of BMPs in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00661 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00662 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF 2.0 is the successor to PDF 1.7." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00662" ; rdfs:label "NF00662" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1129" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000474.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/f/ff/PDF_Assessment_v1.5.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/75839.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55429627" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format (PDF) version 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00663 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A FoxPro Report (FRX) file is associated with the FoxPro database management system. The FRX contains information about a report's layout and content, including data fields, page breaks, and embedded objects, such as images, charts, and graphs. A FRX file is accompanied by a corresponding report memo file (FRT), which stores metadata about the report: the two files must stay together to work. When previewing or printing reports, the application references both files to render the report correctly. FRX is proprietary, does not have a published open specification, and is not actively maintained and updated by an organization. Because the format is closed and proprietary and the software for creating the files is no longer sold or supported, NARA recommends transforming these files into a more sustainable format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00663" ; rdfs:label "NF00663" ; wikidata:p1195 "frx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/376" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FoxPro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61976072" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "FoxPro Report" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Excel """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:frx" ; . naraid:NF00664 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft OneNote is a cross-platform note-taking application that is bundled with Windows and also available as a web, macOS, Android, and iOS app. It allows users to create digital notebooks, which are used to take and share notes with other OneNote users." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00664" ; rdfs:label "NF00664" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/msonenote" ; wikidata:p1195 "one" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/637" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/note-taking/one/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_OneNote" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_file_formats/ms-onestore/ae670cd2-4b38-4b24-82d1-87cfb2cc3725" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59537246" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Microsoft OneNote" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft OneNote """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/OneNote" ; . naraid:NF00665 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "From ArchiveTeam: \"XLSM is the variant of XLSX (the Microsoft Excel format used starting with Office 2007) which allows the use of macros. This poses a greater security risk than normal non-macro spreadsheet files, because macros are a form of computer program which can do actions automatically, possibly malicious ones, which is why a distinct extension is used to distinguish documents which may have macros in them from ones that don't. Macros are created in Visual Basic for Applications (VBA).\" VBA Macros may not operate as intended in programs other than Excel." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00665" ; rdfs:label "NF00665" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.macroEnabled.12" ; wikidata:p1195 "xlsm" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/445" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel#Macro_programming" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.ecma-international.org/publications-and-standards/standards/ecma-376/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16683501" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Excel Macro-enabled" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XLSM" ; . naraid:NF00666 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PLT files in the holdings are possibly HP Graphics Language (HP-GL) encoded vector files or AutoCAD files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00666" ; rdfs:label "NF00666" ; wikidata:p1195 "plt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plotter" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Plotter file unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly TIFF, JPEG2000, PNG, or PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Further research is required. Possible tools include PloView; ImageMagick with HPGL converter; AutoCAD """ ; . naraid:NF00667 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe Illustrator Artwork (AI) is a vector graphics file format that is native to Adobe Illustrator software. The AI file format is widely used for storing and exchanging 2D graphics and is proprietary to Adobe Systems. Versions 1-8 of the file format were fully compatible with the Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) format. Beginning with version 9, the AI file format embeds a PDF file; both the .ai and .pdf file extensions may be used. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transformation to PDF. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00667" ; rdfs:label "NF00667" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/postscript" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.adobe.illustrator" ; wikidata:p1195 "ai" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/ai/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2584726" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Adobe Illustrator Artwork unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView (with Ghostscript) """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; "A number of Adobe Illustrator files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00666 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00668 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe Illustrator Artwork (AI) is a vector graphics file format that is native to Adobe Illustrator software. Versions 1.0 and 1.1 of the software were released in 1987, for Macintosh only. The AI file format is widely used for storing and exchanging 2D graphics and is proprietary to Adobe Systems. Versions 1-8 of the file format were fully compatible with the Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) format. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transformation to PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00668" ; rdfs:label "NF00668" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/postscript" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.adobe.illustrator" ; wikidata:p1195 "ai" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/20" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27866092" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Adobe Illustrator Artwork 1.0/1.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView (with Ghostscript) """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; . naraid:NF00669 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe Illustrator Artwork (AI) is a vector graphics file format that is native to Adobe Illustrator software. Versions 3.0 and 3.2 of the software were released in 1990, for Macintosh and Unix systems. The AI file format is widely used for storing and exchanging 2D graphics and is proprietary to Adobe Systems. Versions 1-8 of the file format were fully compatible with the Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) format. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transformation to PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00669" ; rdfs:label "NF00669" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/postscript" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.adobe.illustrator" ; wikidata:p1195 "ai" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/418" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/19970114021419/http://www2.adobe.com/supportservice/devrelations/PDFS/TN/5007.AI_Spec_v3.0_Draft.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/ai/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27866112" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Adobe Illustrator Artwork 3.0/3.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView (with Ghostscript) """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; . naraid:NF00670 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe Illustrator Artwork (AI) is a vector graphics file format that is native to Adobe Illustrator software. Version 4.0 of the software was released in 1992 for Windows. The AI file format is widely used for storing and exchanging 2D graphics and is proprietary to Adobe Systems. Versions 1-8 of the file format were fully compatible with the Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) format. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transformation to PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00670" ; rdfs:label "NF00670" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/postscript" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.adobe.illustrator" ; wikidata:p1195 "ai" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/419" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20150906044646/http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/illustrator/sdk/AI7FileFormat.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/ai/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27866113" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Adobe Illustrator Artwork 4.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView (with Ghostscript) """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; . naraid:NF00671 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe Illustrator Artwork (AI) is a vector graphics file format that is native to Adobe Illustrator software. Versions 5.0 and 5.5 of the software were released in 1993 and 1994, introducing graph creation and layers. The AI file format is widely used for storing and exchanging 2D graphics and is proprietary to Adobe Systems. Versions 1-8 of the file format were fully compatible with the Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) format. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transformation to PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00671" ; rdfs:label "NF00671" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/postscript" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.adobe.illustrator" ; wikidata:p1195 "ai" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/420" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20150906044646/http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/illustrator/sdk/AI7FileFormat.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/ai/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27866114" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Adobe Illustrator Artwork 5.0/5.5" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView (with Ghostscript) """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; . naraid:NF00672 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe Illustrator Artwork (AI) is a vector graphics file format that is native to Adobe Illustrator software. Version 6.0 of the software was released in 1996, introducing support for gradients. The AI file format is widely used for storing and exchanging 2D graphics and is proprietary to Adobe Systems. Versions 1-8 of the file format were fully compatible with the Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) format. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transformation to PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00672" ; rdfs:label "NF00672" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/postscript" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.adobe.illustrator" ; wikidata:p1195 "ai" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/422" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20150906044646/http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/illustrator/sdk/AI7FileFormat.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/ai/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27866120" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Adobe Illustrator Artwork 6.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView (with Ghostscript) """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; . naraid:NF00673 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe Illustrator Artwork (AI) is a vector graphics file format that is native to Adobe Illustrator software. Version 7.0 of the software was released in 1997. The AI file format is widely used for storing and exchanging 2D graphics and is proprietary to Adobe Systems. Versions 1-8 of the file format were fully compatible with the Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) format. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transformation to PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00673" ; rdfs:label "NF00673" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/postscript" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.adobe.illustrator" ; wikidata:p1195 "ai" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/423" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20150906044646/http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/illustrator/sdk/AI7FileFormat.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/ai/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27866121" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Adobe Illustrator Artwork 7.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView (with Ghostscript) """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; . naraid:NF00674 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe Illustrator Artwork (AI) is a vector graphics file format that is native to Adobe Illustrator software. Version 8.0 of the software was released in 1998. The AI file format is widely used for storing and exchanging 2D graphics and is proprietary to Adobe Systems. Versions 1-8 of the file format were fully compatible with the Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) format. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transformation to PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00674" ; rdfs:label "NF00674" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/postscript" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.adobe.illustrator" ; wikidata:p1195 "ai" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/557" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/ai/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27866110" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Adobe Illustrator Artwork 8.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView (with Ghostscript) """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; . naraid:NF00675 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe Illustrator Artwork (AI) is a vector graphics file format that is native to Adobe Illustrator software. Version 9.0 of the software was released in 2000, introducing transparency, opacity and layer masking, and native PDF support. The AI file format is widely used for storing and exchanging 2D graphics and is proprietary to Adobe Systems. Beginning with version 9, the AI file format embeds a PDF file; both the .ai and .pdf file extensions may be used. Earlier versions of the file format were fully compatible with the Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) format. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transformation to PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00675" ; rdfs:label "NF00675" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/postscript" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.adobe.illustrator" ; wikidata:p1195 "ai" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/558" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; wikidata:p973 "https://preservation.tylerthorsted.com/2023/04/07/adobe-illustrator-and-pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47498538" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Adobe Illustrator Artwork 9.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; . naraid:NF00676 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "File used by the Windows operating system; a digitally-signed catalog file (.cat) can be used as a digital signature for an arbitrary collection of files. A catalog file contains a collection of cryptographic hashes, or thumbprints. Each thumbprint corresponds to a file that is included in the collection." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00676" ; rdfs:label "NF00676" ; wikidata:p1195 "cat" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/install/catalog-files" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Windows Catalog File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Windows OS """ ; "A number of .cat files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extension. These may also be dBase IV Catalog files." ; . naraid:NF00677 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Program database (PDB) is a proprietary file format developed by Microsoft for storing debugging information about a program (or, commonly, program modules such as a DLL or EXE)." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00677" ; rdfs:label "NF00677" ; wikidata:p1195 "mks" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1078" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/programming/pdb/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Program_database" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/windows_registry/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://llvm.org/docs/PDB/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55758988" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Windows Program Database" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Windows OS """ ; "Further investigation required to determine if these .pdb files are Windows Program Database files or if they are Palm personal digital assistant database files." ; . naraid:NF00678 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Formerly Macromedia Director or Shockwave Director, this was a multimedia application authoring platform created by Macromedia and later managed by Adobe until its discontinuation in 2013. Director was the primary editor on the Adobe Shockwave platform. As an interactive multimedia file, more research is needed for reformatting." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00678" ; rdfs:label "NF00678" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-director" ; wikidata:p1195 "dir" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/341" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Director" ; wikidata:p973 "https://medusa.library.illinois.edu/file_formats/215" ; wikidata:p973 "https://nosamu.medium.com/a-tour-of-the-adobe-director-file-format-e375d1e063c0" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34312151" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Adobe Director" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD Format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Director; DRXtract """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Shockwave_(Director)" ; . naraid:NF00679 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Project is project management software designed to assist a project manager in developing a schedule, assigning resources to tasks, tracking progress, managing the budget, and analyzing workloads. 4.0 was released for DOS in 1987 and for Windows in 1993." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00679" ; rdfs:label "NF00679" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-project" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/243" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Project" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47165003" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Project 4.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Project """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Project" ; . naraid:NF00680 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Project is project management software designed to assist a project manager in developing a schedule, assigning resources to tasks, tracking progress, managing the budget, and analyzing workloads. AKA Microsoft Project 4.1." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00680" ; rdfs:label "NF00680" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-project" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/244" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Project" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47165026" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Project 95" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Project """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Project" ; . naraid:NF00681 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Project is project management software designed to assist a project manager in developing a schedule, assigning resources to tasks, tracking progress, managing the budget, and analyzing workloads." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00681" ; rdfs:label "NF00681" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-project" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/245" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Project" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47165296" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Project 98" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Project """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Project" ; . naraid:NF00682 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Project is project management software designed to assist a project manager in developing a schedule, assigning resources to tasks, tracking progress, managing the budget, and analyzing workloads." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00682" ; rdfs:label "NF00682" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-project" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/247" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Project" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47165323" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Project 2000-2003" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Project """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Project" ; . naraid:NF00683 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Project is project management software designed to assist a project manager in developing a schedule, assigning resources to tasks, tracking progress, managing the budget, and analyzing workloads." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00683" ; rdfs:label "NF00683" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-project" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/440" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Project" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58367950" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Project 2007" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Project """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Project" ; . naraid:NF00684 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Project is project management software designed to assist a project manager in developing a schedule, assigning resources to tasks, tracking progress, managing the budget, and analyzing workloads." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00684" ; rdfs:label "NF00684" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-project" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/725" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Project" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47165345" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Project 2010" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Project """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Project" ; . naraid:NF00685 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A plain text source script code written in Perl programming language. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00685" ; rdfs:label "NF00685" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/x-perl" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/x-script.perl" ; wikidata:p1195 "pl" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/870" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl" ; wikidata:p973 "https://perldoc.perl.org/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34284525" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Perl Source Code Script" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Perl" ; . naraid:NF00686 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Extensible Forms Description Language (XFDL) is a language that facilitates defining a form as a single, stand-alone object using elements and attributes from the Extensible Markup Language (XML). Technically, it is a class of XML." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00686" ; rdfs:label "NF00686" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.xfdl" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-xfdl" ; wikidata:p1195 "xfdl" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000580.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extensible_Forms_Description_Language" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/xfdl" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-XFDL" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105762806" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Extensible Forms Description Language (XFDL)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; . naraid:NF00687 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Windows Cursor image file format (CUR) is a graphics file format for static (i.e., non-animated) mouse cursors and serves as a graphical indicator of user interaction based on the current state of the pointing device (e.g., mouse). It was developed by Microsoft as a cursor file format as part of its Windows operating system, beginning with the release of Windows 1.0 in 1981; however, the concept of the cursor or \"pointer\" was first debuted by Douglas Engelbart in 1968 on a Xerox system and this concept carried over to the first Macintosh computer operating system and onward. CUR is extended from the Icon file format (ICO) and is very similar in nature—CUR files serve as a cursor resource that can be a container for multiple images (i.e., BMP) and they have a directory structure. CUR is proprietary and is still in use by Microsoft as a native file format. Due to the prevalence of the Microsoft Windows operating system and its ability to render most CUR files, along with the particular structure of CUR files and how they might relate to other files in context of their usage, it is recommended to retain them as is, with the caveat that CUR files created 1987-2001 (with emphasis on 1987-1995) may possibly contain files from the OS/2 Bitmap family. If this is the case, it is ideal to determine if they can still be rendered in a current Microsoft Windows operating system and if not, converting CUR to PNG can be considered as a possible approach but more research is also needed." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00687" ; rdfs:label "NF00687" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-win-bitmap" ; wikidata:p1195 "cur" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/385" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/cur/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20050421161512/http://www.oreilly.com/www/centers/gff/formats/miccur/index.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28205488" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Windows Cursor image file" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain, or as necessary convert to PNG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Windows OS; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/CUR" ; . naraid:NF00688 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Formerly Macromedia Director or Shockwave Director, this was a multimedia application authoring platform created by Macromedia and later managed by Adobe until its discontinuation in 2013. Director was the primary editor on the Adobe Shockwave platform. The Cast file held an editable \"cast,\" or bundling of scripts and other resources attached to a \"cast member.\"" ; dcterms:identifier "NF00688" ; rdfs:label "NF00688" ; wikidata:p1195 "cst" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Director" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Adobe Director cast file" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD Format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Director; DRXtract """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Shockwave_(Director)" ; . naraid:NF00689 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Synchronized Accessible Media Interchange (SAMI) is a structured plain text subtitle file developed by Microsoft in 1998. SAMI captions coexist within multimedia files alongside digital media. Microsoft released the SAMI initiative in 1998 and it is meant for use in Microsoft Windows Media Player, while the similar W3C XML standard Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL) is meant for other environments. SAMI is proprietary, but Microsoft makes the format specification openly available. SAMI can be viewed in a text editor, even though its functions are meant to be incorporated into video replay. NARA recommends retaining SAMI files be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00689" ; rdfs:label "NF00689" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-sami" ; wikidata:p1195 "sami" ; wikidata:p1195 "smi" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAMI" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/desktop/dnacc/understanding-sami-1.0" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2375766" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "Synchronized Accessible Media Interchange" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; . naraid:NF00690 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Local Shared Objects are cookies used by Flash. They were shunned for security reasons, and Flash itself was discontinued in 2020." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00690" ; rdfs:label "NF00690" ; wikidata:p1195 "sol" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_shared_object" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1312725" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Flash Local Shared Object (LSO)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools """ ; . naraid:NF00691 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A DL_ file is a compressed .DLL file created by the Makecab Windows utility used for compressing files and creating .CAB files. It is often used for storing DLL files on Windows installation CDs. Software installers should not be transformed to avoid affecting functionality." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00691" ; rdfs:label "NF00691" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "dl_" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic-link_library" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/windows-client/setup-upgrade-and-drivers/dynamic-link-library" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380319" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Compressed Dynamic Link Library (DLL)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Cabinet Maker (aka Makecab) can decompress the file to plain text. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Dynamic-link_library_(Windows)" ; . naraid:NF00692 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "National Imagery Transmission Format (NITF) 1.0 is a container format for image and textual data, designed for interchange and interoperability. It was developed by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and Federal Intelligence Community (IC) to address imagery and imagery-related data interoperability issues. Version 1.0 of the file format was approved in 1987 for demonstration but not implementation. In 1989, version 1.1 was approved for implementation. NITF is the default format for interchange between DoD systems, and packages together the image, optional overlays (symbols, graphics, etc.) and information about the image. Despite the similar name, the format is not related to the National Transfer Format (NTF) from the British Standards Institution. The specification for version 1.1 is not openly available and NITF is not widely adopted outside of the DoD and IC. At this time, further research is required to determine NARA's preservation plan for NITF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00692" ; rdfs:label "NF00692" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.nitf" ; wikidata:p1195 "nitf" ; wikidata:p1195 "ntf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/364" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000242.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Imagery_Transmission_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20211024145034/https://www.gwg.nga.mil/ntb/intro.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26218392" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "National Imagery Transmission Format 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/National_Imagery_Transmission_Format" ; . naraid:NF00693 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "National Imagery Transmission Format (NITF) 1.1 is a container format for image and textual data, designed for interchange and interoperability. It was developed by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and Federal Intelligence Community (IC) to address imagery and imagery-related data interoperability issues. Version 1.1 was the first published version of the file format and approved for implementation in 1989. By 1992, over thirty different systems were compliant with NITF version 1.1. This version was later replaced by version 2.0 in 1994. NITF is the default format for interchange between DoD systems, and packages together the image, optional overlays (symbols, graphics, etc.) and information about the image. Despite the similar name, the format is not related to the National Transfer Format (NTF) from the British Standards Institution. The specification for version 1.1 is not openly available and NITF is not widely adopted outside of the DoD and IC. At this time, further research is required to determine NARA's preservation plan for NITF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00693" ; rdfs:label "NF00693" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.nitf" ; wikidata:p1195 "nitf" ; wikidata:p1195 "ntf" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000242.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Imagery_Transmission_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://gwg.nga.mil/gwg/focus-groups/History_of_NITFS.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26218390" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "National Imagery Transmission Format 1.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/National_Imagery_Transmission_Format" ; . naraid:NF00694 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "National Imagery Transmission Format (NITF) 2.0 is a container format for image and textual data, designed for interchange and interoperability. It was developed by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and Federal Intelligence Community (IC). Development of NITF version 2.0 began in 1988, and in 1991 NITF began conversion to a DoD standard. The National Imagery Transmission Format Standard (NITFS) was introduced to encompass the file format standard as well as supporting standards. Version 2.0 of NITF was released in 1994 as standard MIL-STD-2500A, introducing JPEG image compression, Vector Quantization image compression, and symbol graphics encoded using Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM) among other features. This version replaced NITF version 1.1, and was later replaced by version 2.1 in 1997. NITF is the default format for interchange between DoD systems, and packages together the image, optional overlays (symbols, graphics, etc.) and information about the image. Despite the similar name, the format is not related to the National Transfer Format (NTF) from the British Standards Institution. NITFS is currently maintained by the NITFS Technical Board and the specification is openly available, however NITF is not widely adopted outside of the DoD and IC. Version 2.0 is an acceptable format for the transfer of born-digital photographs per NARA Transfer Guidance. At this time, further research is required to determine NARA's preservation plan for NITF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00694" ; rdfs:label "NF00694" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.nitf" ; wikidata:p1195 "nitf" ; wikidata:p1195 "ntf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/365" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000242.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Imagery_Transmission_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://gwg.nga.mil/gwg/focus-groups/History_of_NITFS.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20210602213847/https://www.gwg.nga.mil/ntb/baseline/docs/2500a/2500a.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26218335" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "National Imagery Transmission Format 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/National_Imagery_Transmission_Format" ; . naraid:NF00695 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "National Imagery Transmission Format (NITF) 2.1 is a container format for image and textual data, designed for interchange and interoperability. It was developed by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and Federal Intelligence Community (IC). The file format is a component of the National Imagery Transmission Format Standard (NITFS), which is a suite of standards and specifications first developed to address imagery and imagery-related data interoperability issues. Version 2.1 of NITF was originally released in 1997 as standard MIL-STD-2500B and has continued to be updated since, as MIL-STD-2500C/CN2, and currently is defined by the Joint BIIF Profile (JBP), a profile of ISO/IEC 12087-5, Basic Image Interchange Format. Version 2.1 introduced support for JPEG 2000 image compression. NITF is the default format for interchange between DoD systems, and packages together the image, optional overlays (symbols, graphics, etc.) and information about the image. Despite the similar name, the format is not related to the National Transfer Format (NTF) from the British Standards Institution. NITFS is currently maintained by the NITFS Technical Board and the specification is openly available, however NITF is not widely adopted outside of the DoD and IC. Version 2.1 is an acceptable format for the transfer of born-digital photographs per NARA Transfer Guidance. At this time, further research is required to determine NARA's preservation plan for NITF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00695" ; rdfs:label "NF00695" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.nitf" ; wikidata:p1195 "nitf" ; wikidata:p1195 "ntf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/366" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000242.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Imagery_Transmission_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://gwg.nga.mil/gwg/focus-groups/History_of_NITFS.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20210918070130/https://gwg.nga.mil/ntb/baseline/docs/2500c/2500C.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26218267" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "National Imagery Transmission Format 2.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/National_Imagery_Transmission_Format" ; . naraid:NF00696 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "STATA dta is a proprietery binary format for datasets. Early versions specifications have been released." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00696" ; rdfs:label "NF00696" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-stata-dta" ; wikidata:p1195 "dta" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1037" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000471.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stata" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.stata.com/help.cgi?dta" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32979267" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "STATA Data file version 118" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Stata dta files can be imported into other statistics software, such as SPSS and SAS." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Scientific_Data_formats" ; "Currently unknown what version(s) of this format are in NARA's holdings. Additional entries for other versions of this file format may be necessary at a later time." ; . naraid:NF00697 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description ".ado is a Photoshop Duotone Options settings file. It is not clear if this is a plain text file, but it should not be reformatted since it is needed for settings." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00697" ; rdfs:label "NF00697" ; wikidata:p1195 "ado" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Photoshop" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.adobe.com/devnet-apps/photoshop/fileformatashtml/#50577411_pgfId-1064451" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28551337" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Adobe Photoshop Duotone Options" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Photoshop" ; . naraid:NF00698 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft WinHelp .hlp is a proprietary format for online help files in plain text RTF format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00698" ; rdfs:label "NF00698" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/hlp" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-helpfile" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-winhelp" ; wikidata:p1195 "hlp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/474" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WinHelp" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1144005" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Microsoft WinHelp" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/HLP_(WinHelp)" ; . naraid:NF00699 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "SAP BusinessObjects Desktop Intelligence reports (.REP files) were developed to work with BusinessObjects software. BusinessObjects was an enterprise software company, specializing in business intelligence (BI), and was acquired by SAP in 2007. The REP format is proprietary, and there is no published open specification. The format is not actively maintained and there are no renderers available. Due to the lack of ongoing support, proprietary nature, and unidentified transformation tools, the files should be retained for future assessment." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00699" ; rdfs:label "NF00699" ; wikidata:p1195 "rep" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BusinessObjects" ; wikidata:p973 "https://help.sap.com/doc/businessobject_product_guides_sbo41_en_sbo41sp2_rct_user_en_pdf/4.1.2/en-US/sbo41sp2_rct_user_en.pdf" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "SAP BusinessObjects Report" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Assess ; nara:preservationPlan "Further research is required" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools """ ; . naraid:NF00700 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Compiled HTML Help (CHM) is a Microsoft proprietary online help format, consisting of multiple HTML pages compressed into a binary file with the .chm extension. CHM was introduced as the successor to Microsoft WinHelp (.hlp) with the release of Windows 95 OSR 2.5 and is still supported in Windows 11. Although the format is proprietary, the internal structure has been reverse-engineered and is supported by many document viewers. CHM files should not be migrated, because any format migrations for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00700" ; rdfs:label "NF00700" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-htmlhelp" ; wikidata:p1195 "chm" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/634" ; wikidata:p973 "http://chmspec.nongnu.org/latest/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Compiled_HTML_Help" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1023647" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Compiled HTML Help" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Windows OS """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/CHM" ; . naraid:NF00701 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Corel Print House was a desktop publishing application bundled with other software in the Corel Print Office suite. It was initially released for Windows in 1988 by the Corel Corporation, now known as Alludo. It was later integrated into the CorelDRAW Graphics Suite. The Corel Print House File (CPH) format is proprietary with no publicly available specification. Further research is required to determine what version of these files exist in NARA's holdings, what program may be used to open and transform these files, and what format is the best preservation solution for these files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00701" ; rdfs:label "NF00701" ; wikidata:p1195 "cpd" ; wikidata:p1195 "cph" ; wikidata:p1195 "cpo" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1421" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.file-extension.org/extensions/cpd" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q100343334" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Corel Print House File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """CorelDRAW or Corel Print Office can reportedly open a cpd file. Print Office documentation says that the file extension must be changed to .cpo. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Corel_Print_House" ; "Currently unknown what version(s) of this format are in NARA's holdings. Additional entries for other versions of this file format may be necessary at a later time." ; . naraid:NF00702 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "COD file contains compiled binary source-code written for BlackBerry devices in dBase, Java, or Fortran programming languages. A COD can be either a single binary executable file, or two (or more) binary executable files compressed together in a ZIP/JAR Archive. These .COD archives may be renamed to have a .ZIP extension. Compiled binary software should not be reformatted to avoid the risk of affecting the functionality." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00702" ; rdfs:label "NF00702" ; wikidata:p1195 "cod" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105850542" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "BlackBerry Binary Executable" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """BlackBerry SDK """ ; . naraid:NF00703 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Files with the .DO extension are executable Java browser servlet programs. Java Servlets have been replaced with Jakarta Servlets. Software code should not be reformatted due to the risk of affecting the functionality." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00703" ; rdfs:label "NF00703" ; wikidata:p1195 "do" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/160" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakarta_Servlet" ; wikidata:p973 "https://jcp.org/aboutJava/communityprocess/final/jsr369/index.html" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Java Servlet Component" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Some are text plain text files and can be opened in any supported text editor. It is likely possible to read the file contents using a web browser. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:jsp" ; . naraid:NF00704 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Meta Raster Format (MRF) is an image and data storage format designed for fast access to imagery within a georeferenced tile pyramid at discrete resolutions. It was originally developed at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. IDX files are the Meta Raster index file." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00704" ; rdfs:label "NF00704" ; wikidata:p1195 "idx" ; wikidata:p973 "https://github.com/nasa-gibs/mrf/blob/master/doc/MUG.md" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28771312" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Meta Raster Format (MRF) Index File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Meta_Raster_Format" ; . naraid:NF00705 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "An AIR (Adobe Integrated Runtime) file is an installer package file that stores web-based applications programmed using ActionScript or Apache Flex. They're usually ZIP-compressed and can be used across all desktop and mobile operating systems that support the Adobe AIR runtime, like Windows, macOS, Android, iOS, and BlackBerry Tablet OS. AIR makes it possible for web apps to use HTML, JAVA, Flash and ActionScript and then run as standalone applications that run outside of the browser." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00705" ; rdfs:label "NF00705" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.adobe.air-application-installer-package+zip" ; wikidata:p1195 "air" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/937" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_AIR" ; wikidata:p973 "https://help.adobe.com/en_US/air/admin/WS485a42d56cd1964167ea49bd124ef17d52a-7fff.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50223921" ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Adobe AIR file" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe AIR """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Adobe_Air" ; . naraid:NF00706 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Microsoft Word Auto-save format (.asd) is a temporary file that's created when Microsoft Word unexpectedly closes. Auto-recovery files are saved as binary files and are normally saved under arbitrary names. These files are used to recreate the original Microsoft Word document. Auto-save documents should be opened using the Word auto-recovery feature. Due to the proprietary nature of the original format, transformation to ODT or DOCX is recommended." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00706" ; rdfs:label "NF00706" ; wikidata:p1195 "asd" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/word-processing/asd/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word" ; wikidata:p973 "https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/how-word-creates-and-recovers-the-autorecover-files-a33ec235-9d68-cf62-e66a-6a740cf51821" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Word Auto-save Document Format" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODT or DOCX" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Word using auto-recovery feature. """ ; . naraid:NF00707 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Proprietary format native to Microsoft Visio. Stencils contains icons to create visual representations in Visio." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00707" ; rdfs:label "NF00707" ; wikidata:p1195 "vss" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/925" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/vss/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Visio" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/vss" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73160398" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Visio Stencils" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Visio; LibreOffice Draw """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Visio" ; . naraid:NF00708 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Include files are plain text files that contain headers, declarations, functions and other data that is referenced by an application's source code. These files can be used with Pascal, C/C++, Java, PHP and other programming languages." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00708" ; rdfs:label "NF00708" ; wikidata:p1195 "inc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Include_directive" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Include Header File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; . naraid:NF00709 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Sonic Scenarist Closed Caption (SCC) is a format used for subtitles and closed captioning of video files. SCC files contain text and timing information necessary for closed captions, encoded by two-byte hedidecimal values. It was developed by Sonic Solutions and is the default format for closed captioning in North American broadcast television, and is also used for embedding closed captions in web media, DVDs, and iTunes, among others. Due to the ubiquitous nature of the format, SCC files should be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00709" ; rdfs:label "NF00709" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "scc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1274" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.theneitherworld.com/mcpoodle/SCC_TOOLS/DOCS/SCC_FORMAT.HTML" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85415606" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "Sonic Scenarist Closed Caption Format" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; Adobe Premiere """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Scenarist_Closed_Caption" ; . naraid:NF00710 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A file with a .lst extension is a plain text file that contains a list of data. LST files are used by many different programs, including Microsoft Visual Studio and various text editors. They can be compiled as a binary but this is a less frequent use." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00710" ; rdfs:label "NF00710" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "lst" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Data List File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; . naraid:NF00711 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PNF files are compiled binary file that contain configuration data supported by Windows, and are stored in Microsoft Windows, in the Inf subdirectory of the root or system directory. Compiled system files should not be reformatted due to the potential loss of functionality." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00711" ; rdfs:label "NF00711" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-pnf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pnf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20210517155753/https://www.pcreview.co.uk/threads/pnf-file-question.2785054/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28757978" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Windows Precompiled Setup Information" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Windows OS """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/INF_(Windows)" ; . naraid:NF00712 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The InstallShield installer archive is the _INST32I.EX_ file included in many Windows software distributions that use the InstallShield installation software. This is a compressed binary file that should not be reformatted due to the likelihood of affecting functionality." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00712" ; rdfs:label "NF00712" ; wikidata:p1195 "ex_" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1466" ; wikidata:p973 "https://filext.com/file-extension/%3F%3F_" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110015870" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "InstallShield installer archive" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Windows OS """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/InstallShield_installer_archive" ; . naraid:NF00713 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Print Shop is a desktop publishing application from Broderbund. The .let file is a letterhead project file present from versions 10-23.1 of The Print Shop. All files from these versions are in the OLE2 document container format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00713" ; rdfs:label "NF00713" ; wikidata:p1195 "let" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1300" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Print_Shop" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Broderbund The Print Shop Letterhead" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """The Print Shop """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/The_Print_Shop" ; . naraid:NF00714 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Possibly files created with Letter or ACT! Letter software." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00714" ; rdfs:label "NF00714" ; wikidata:p1195 "ltr" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Letter" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Further research is required. Possibly any supported text editor. """ ; . naraid:NF00715 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "AKA Microsoft Media Package File. An MPF file is a compressed multimedia package of WMF files, clip art images, and a set of keywords created by Microsoft Clip Organizer, MosASCII, MainActor, and MBJ Audio Compression. MPF files related to MBJ audio compression contain audio in a compression format specifically designed by MBJ Development Corporation. The encoder and decoder technology is both backward and forward compatible and is capable of offering full bandwidth which retains audio quality. The compression format is compatible with WAV, CD, and MP3 file formats." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00715" ; rdfs:label "NF00715" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpf" ; wikidata:p973 "http://files.avanquest.com/file-extension-mpf/" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Media Package File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools "Depending on the original program that created the file: Office 2010, MosASCII, or a supported video or audio converter." ; . naraid:NF00716 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Signature Block files, or sig files, contain an email text \"signature\" that has been created by an email user and is automatically appended to the bottom of an email. Most email clients support an email signature and they are commonly used. Signatures are typically small, plain text files, but may also contain a vCard. Since these are plain text files, they can be opened with any supported text editor and can be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00716" ; rdfs:label "NF00716" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "sig" ; wikidata:p973 "https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1855" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signature_block" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1362562" ; nara:category naraid:Email ; nara:formatName "Signature Block" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor; Microsoft Outlook """ ; . naraid:NF00717 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "IBM ViaVoice script files. The application is no longer developed or supported. Application code should not be reformatted due to the possibility of the loss of functionaity." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00717" ; rdfs:label "NF00717" ; wikidata:p1195 "10" ; wikidata:p1195 "2" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_ViaVoice" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "IBM Voice Type/ViaVoice Scripts Data" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """IBM ViaVoice; WinRAR """ ; . naraid:NF00718 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Preference file used by Microsoft Office programs to store Personalized Menus and Toolbars settings; created by each Office application by evaluating what menu commands are used most. PIP files are saved in the Application Data\\Microsoft\\Office directory and are named [program].pip. For example, Microsoft Word's menu settings file may be named \"Word.pip\" or \"Word2.pip.\"" ; dcterms:identifier "NF00718" ; rdfs:label "NF00718" ; wikidata:p1195 "pip" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/pip" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Office Personalized Settings File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Office """ ; . naraid:NF00719 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "An early binary Microsoft font format, replaced by TrueType fonts but still supported. Fonts cannot be reformatted due to the loss of functionality." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00719" ; rdfs:label "NF00719" ; wikidata:p1195 "fon" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28756037" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Font File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Windows OS; any supported Hex Editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/FON" ; . naraid:NF00720 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "An Archicad Template file. Archicad is an architectural BIM CAD software for Macintosh and Windows. A template is a read-only project file that contains project preferences settings, placed elements and tool default settings of the project. The tpl extension is also associated with templates for publication indexes built with Cindex software from Indexing Research." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00720" ; rdfs:label "NF00720" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "tpl" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ArchiCAD" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Archicad Template File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Archicad """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/TPL" ; . naraid:NF00721 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Data file used by the Hierarchical Linear and Nonlinear Modeling (HLM) program for statistical analysis of scientific data; contains textual data recorded from a scientific observation; used as an input format for the HLM program to create summary-level and in-depth statistics. Associated with the Scientific Software International HLM tool." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00721" ; rdfs:label "NF00721" ; wikidata:p1195 "mdm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://vpg-ssi-support.atlassian.net/servicedesk/customer/portal/3/topic/2512983d-f205-453d-b54b-4bf254928561" ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "HLM Multivariate Data Matrix Format" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """HLM; SPSS; SAS """ ; . naraid:NF00722 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Lotus 1-2-3 Graph (GPH) is a file format for graphs created by Lotus 1-2-3, which was a spreadsheet, database, and graphical charting program. It should be noted that other software programs, such as the statistical software program Strata, also use the .gph file extension. Lotus 1-2-3 was introduced in 1983 and was widely used on PCs in the 1980s and early 1990s. The GPH file format was a closed, proprietary format, and Lotus 1-2-3 was discontinued by IBM in 2013. Because the format is closed and proprietary and the software for creating the files is no longer sold or supported, NARA recommends transforming these files into a more sustainable format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00722" ; rdfs:label "NF00722" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.lotus-1-2-3" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-123" ; wikidata:p1195 "gph" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_1-2-3" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105856888" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Lotus 1-2-3 Graph" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools """ ; . naraid:NF00723 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "SubRip Video Subtitle (SRT) is a plain text subtitle file created using the SupRip program for Windows, which extracts subtitles and their timings from a variety of video formats. SRT was released in 2000 and last updated in 2018, and can be defined as sidecar or delivery files since they play alongside a video file and do not hold any media. There is no official character encoding for SRT, as encoding is selected to match the video player, and the format is not well standardized. There is also a WebSRT (Web Subtitle Resource Tracks) format that shares the SRT file extension but is not fully compatible. SRT is widely adopted and can be viewed in a text editor, even though its functions are meant to be incorporated into video replay. Therefore, SRT files should be retained as-is. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00723" ; rdfs:label "NF00723" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "srt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1218" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000569.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/video/srt/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SubRip" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.matroska.org/technical/subtitles.html#srt-subtitles" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9332294" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "SubRip Video Subtitle" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SubRip_text_file_format" ; . naraid:NF00724 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Files with the .SO extension are shared object libraries used by various system processes. These are compiled binary files that should not be reformatted." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00724" ; rdfs:label "NF00724" ; wikidata:p1195 "so" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.sco.com/developers/devspecs/gabi41.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20210313122353/https://developer.ibm.com/technologies/linux/tutorials/l-dynamic-libraries/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82841982" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Shared Object Library" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Windows OS """ ; . naraid:NF00725 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Text format for help files, widely used on Unix and related computer systems." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00725" ; rdfs:label "NF00725" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "man" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man_page" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.mankier.com/7/man.mandoc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47512572" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Command manual" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Man_page" ; . naraid:NF00726 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description ".rb is the eBook format for NuvoMedia's Rocket eBook, produced from 1998-2000, and was the native format for Gemstar's REB 1100. Book contents are contained in HTML files that are typically compressed." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00726" ; rdfs:label "NF00726" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "rb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/485" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_eBook" ; wikidata:p973 "https://rbmake.sourceforge.io/rb_format.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49988510" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Rocket Book eBook format" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ePub" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Calibre """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Rocket_eBook" ; . naraid:NF00727 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Macromedia Flash Project (FLA) files are the equivalent of source code files used to produce .SWF Flash files for distribution. FLA project files can contain vector data, images, scripts, audio and video (depending on the version), and timelines to control playback, and are compiled as .SWF. FLA was originally developed by the company FutureWave Software in 1996 and was acquired by Macromedia for integration with its Flash brand and player. Macromedia was acquired by Adobe in 2005 and re-branded as Adobe Flash. The Adobe Flash player was discontinued in 2020 and no longer supported in modern web browsers, but FLA files can still be produced with Adobe Animate versions 2015-2024. As a project file meant to be compiled into a runtime version, FLA files should be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00727" ; rdfs:label "NF00727" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.adobe.fla" ; wikidata:p1195 "fla" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000132.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash" ; wikidata:p973 "https://helpx.adobe.com/animate/using/documents.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28756039" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "Macromedia Flash project" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Animate """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/FLA" ; . naraid:NF00728 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "LuraDocument Format is a TIFF-based container format for LuraWave-compressed images. These could also be Microsoft SQL Server Log Files. If these are TIFF files, they should be uncompressed. If these are plain text log files, they can be retained." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00728" ; rdfs:label "NF00728" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "ldf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LuraTech" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12034427" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "LuraDocument Format" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/LuraDocument_Format" ; "Further investigation required to determine if these .ldf files are LuraDocument or if they are Microsoft SQL Server Log Files." ; . naraid:NF00729 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A Corel WordPerfect plain text macro. It may also be a macro used by Corel Presentations." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00729" ; rdfs:label "NF00729" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "wcm" ; wikidata:p1195 "wpm" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1850" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20210517155753/https://www.pcreview.co.uk/threads/pnf-file-question.2785054/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66424671" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "WordPerfect Macro" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """WordPerfect """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WordPerfect_macro" ; . naraid:NF00730 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Qt is a developed framework to create applications and GUIs for desktop, smartphone, and embedded platforms. The Qt Linguist tool is used for adding language translations for text used in Qt applications. QM files consist of the original text and its translated version, stored in a binary format and is used by applications at run-time." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00730" ; rdfs:label "NF00730" ; wikidata:p1195 "qm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/linguist-ts-file-format.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qt_(software)" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Qt Linguist Compiled Translation Source File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Test with the Qt SDK or Nokia Qt Creator, if possible" ; "https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qtlinguist-index.html" ; . naraid:NF00731 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A file with .ascx extension is an ASP.NET user control that is used as a reusable component in webpages. It is a plain text file. Any software file should not be reformated to avoid affecting functionality." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00731" ; rdfs:label "NF00731" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "ascx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1081" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/web/ascx/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/aspnet/fb3w5b53(v=vs.100)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57978134" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Microsoft ASP.NET User Control File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "In some community documentation, this format is sometimes referred to as a Control Directive File, but this is incorrect." ; . naraid:NF00732 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "An H file is a header file referenced by a document written in C, C++, or Objective-C source code. It may contain variables, constants, and functions that are used by other files within a programming project. This is a plain text file. Code files should not be reformatted to avoind affecting functionality." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00732" ; rdfs:label "NF00732" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "h" ; wikidata:p1195 "hpp" ; wikidata:p1195 "hxx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1735" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/programming/h/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_(programming_language)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.obj-sys.com/docs/acv70/CCppHTML/ch06s01.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29642901" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "C/C++/Objective-C Header File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; . naraid:NF00733 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description ".MAP MapInfo files store the graphic and geographic information needed to display each vector feature on a map. This is a proprietery vector format. The basic file set for viewing data and its graphic representation in vector form within MapInfo Professional requires a minimum of four files, normally the *.TAB, *.MAP, *.DAT and *.ID. If there is only textual information with no graphic objects, then a minimum of two files is needed: *.TAB and *.DAT." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00733" ; rdfs:label "NF00733" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-navimap" ; wikidata:p1195 "map" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/915" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000300.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAP_(file_format)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://gdal.org/drivers/vector/mitab.html" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "MapInfo Map Object File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format, possibly SHP" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; . naraid:NF00734 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Several applications produce back up files that have the .bak extension. Some of these will be identifiable through their binary signature, however others may not. An identification will likely be by extension only and require further investigation to determine the specific type of file." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00734" ; rdfs:label "NF00734" ; wikidata:p1195 "bak" ; wikidata:p1195 "bck" ; wikidata:p1195 "old" ; wikidata:p1195 "sb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/941" ; wikidata:p973 "http://extension.nirsoft.net/bak" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/database/bak/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bak_file" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Backup File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Determined by specific type of file """ ; . naraid:NF00735 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "An AXD file is a file used by ASP.NET applications for handling embedded resource requests. It contains instructions for retrieving embedded resources, such as images, JavaScript (.JS) files, and .CSS files. This is a compiled binary file. Code files should not be reformatted to avoid affecting functionality." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00735" ; rdfs:label "NF00735" ; wikidata:p1195 "axd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/884" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET_Web_Forms" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50183465" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "ASP.NET HTTP Handler File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Microsoft Visual Studio """ ; . naraid:NF00736 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A ROM image is a data file that contains an exact copy of the Read-Only Memory (ROM) chip for a hardware device, typically from a computer or a video game cartridge. ROM files may be created for various purposes, including software emulation, updating the firmware on a certain device, or backing up or archiving ROM data. ROM files are frequently used in video game preservation to use in an emulated environment. By the mid-1990s, personal computers had progressed to the point where it was technically feasible to replicate the behavior of some of the earliest gaming consoles entirely through software, and the first unauthorized, non-commercial console emulators began to appear. Once an emulator is written, it then requires a copy of the game software to be obtained.Typically, this requires the user to make a ROM image, a process known as \"\"dumping\"\" the contents of the ROM chip found in game cartridges. Since compiled binary ROM files are used for different purposes they may use different formatting. Therefore, a ROM file used by one program may not be compatible with another program and difficult to identify. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, therefore, ROM files should be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00736" ; rdfs:label "NF00736" ; wikidata:p1195 "rom" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROM_image" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1973327" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "ROM Image" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/ROM_and_memory_images" ; . naraid:NF00737 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A type library (.tlb) is a Microsoft compiled binary file that stores information about a COM or DCOM object's properties and methods in a form that is accessible to other applications at runtime." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00737" ; rdfs:label "NF00737" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "tlb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1601" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/midl/com-dcom-and-type-libraries" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105851556" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Type Library" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Windows OS """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Type_Library" ; . naraid:NF00738 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A thumbnail file under the DCF (Design rule for Camera File system), a standardized directory structure and related standards designed for use with digital cameras. DCF is related to the Exif standard." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00738" ; rdfs:label "NF00738" ; wikidata:p1195 "thm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/thm/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_rule_for_Camera_File_system" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20221005110451/https://www.guidingtech.com/38888/thumbnail-thm-files/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.cipa.jp/std/documents/download_e.html?DC-009-2010_E" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28205449" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Design rule for Camera File system (DCF) Thumbnail File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Test with supported image editors """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DCF" ; "Further investigation required to determine if these .thm files are thumbnail raster image files or OpenOffice theme configuration file." ; . naraid:NF00739 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Python Compiled Bytecode 2.0 (PYC) files contain binary compiled code written in the Python programming language. PYC files are created when a Python plain text PY script is run for the first time: the interpreter compiles the source code into bytecode to be executed by the Python virtual machine (PVM). A variant PYO file could be created in the 2.x versions when the Python interpreter was run with optimization flags. Python 2.0 was released in 2000 and contained changes that affected backwards compatibility with prior versions. Python has been widely adopted, is not proprietary, and has a published open format specification. Because files containing compiled source code should not be reformatted to avoid affecting the functionality, Python Compiled Bytecode files should be retained in their current format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00739" ; rdfs:label "NF00739" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-bytecode.python" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-python-code" ; wikidata:p1195 "pyc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1106" ; wikidata:p973 "https://devguide.python.org/compiler/?highlight=pyc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55429220" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Python Compiled Bytecode 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Python" ; . naraid:NF00740 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Python Compiled Bytecode 2.1 (PYC) files contain binary compiled code written in the Python programming language. PYC files are created when a Python plain text PY script is run for the first time: the interpreter compiles the source code into bytecode to be executed by the Python virtual machine (PVM). A variant PYO file could be created in the 2.x versions when the Python interpreter was run with optimization flags. Python 2.1 was released in 2001 and included an optional change to the language specification. This version received bug fixes until 2002. Python has been widely adopted, is not proprietary, and has a published open format specification. Because files containing compiled source code should not be reformatted to avoid affecting the functionality, Python Compiled Bytecode files should be retained in their current format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00740" ; rdfs:label "NF00740" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-bytecode.python" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-python-code" ; wikidata:p1195 "pyc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1107" ; wikidata:p973 "https://devguide.python.org/compiler/?highlight=pyc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55429234" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Python Compiled Bytecode 2.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Python" ; . naraid:NF00741 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Python Compiled Bytecode 2.2 (PYC) files contain binary compiled code written in the Python programming language. PYC files are created when a Python plain text PY script is run for the first time: the interpreter compiles the source code into bytecode to be executed by the Python virtual machine (PVM). A variant PYO file could be created in the 2.x versions when the Python interpreter was run with optimization flags. Python 2.2 was released in 2001 and included a unification of Python's types and classes into one hierarchy, an object-oriented model. This version received bug fixes until 2003. Python has been widely adopted, is not proprietary, and has a published open format specification. Because files containing compiled source code should not be reformatted to avoid affecting the functionality, Python Compiled Bytecode files should be retained in their current format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00741" ; rdfs:label "NF00741" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-bytecode.python" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-python-code" ; wikidata:p1195 "pyc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1108" ; wikidata:p973 "https://devguide.python.org/compiler/?highlight=pyc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55429245" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Python Compiled Bytecode 2.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Python" ; . naraid:NF00742 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Python Compiled Bytecode 2.3 (PYC) files contain binary compiled code written in the Python programming language. PYC files are created when a Python plain text PY script is run for the first time: the interpreter compiles the source code into bytecode to be executed by the Python virtual machine (PVM). A variant PYO file could be created in the 2.x versions when the Python interpreter was run with optimization flags. Python 2.3 was released in 2003 to increase speed and extensively update and add language features, built-ins, modules, and packages. This version received bug fixes until 2008. Python has been widely adopted, is not proprietary, and has a published open format specification. Because files containing compiled source code should not be reformatted to avoid affecting the functionality, Python Compiled Bytecode files should be retained in their current format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00742" ; rdfs:label "NF00742" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-bytecode.python" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-python-code" ; wikidata:p1195 "pyc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1109" ; wikidata:p973 "https://devguide.python.org/compiler/?highlight=pyc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55429254" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Python Compiled Bytecode 2.3" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Python" ; . naraid:NF00743 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Python Compiled Bytecode 2.4 (PYC) files contain binary compiled code written in the Python programming language. PYC files are created when a Python plain text PY script is run for the first time: the interpreter compiles the source code into bytecode to be executed by the Python virtual machine (PVM). A variant PYO file could be created in the 2.x versions when the Python interpreter was run with optimization flags. Python 2.4 was released in 2004 with new language features and extensively upgraded and new built-ins, modules, and packages. This version received bug fixes until 2008. Python has been widely adopted, is not proprietary, and has a published open format specification. Because files containing compiled source code should not be reformatted to avoid affecting the functionality, Python Compiled Bytecode files should be retained in their current format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00743" ; rdfs:label "NF00743" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-bytecode.python" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-python-code" ; wikidata:p1195 "pyc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1110" ; wikidata:p973 "https://devguide.python.org/compiler/?highlight=pyc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55429271" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Python Compiled Bytecode 2.4" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Python" ; . naraid:NF00744 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Python Compiled Bytecode 2.5 (PYC) files contain binary compiled code written in the Python programming language. PYC files are created when a Python plain text PY script is run for the first time: the interpreter compiles the source code into bytecode to be executed by the Python virtual machine (PVM). A variant PYO file could be created in the 2.x versions when the Python interpreter was run with optimization flags. Python 2.5 was released in 2006 with new language features and upgraded and new modules and libraries. This version received bug fixes until 2011. Python has been widely adopted, is not proprietary, and has a published open format specification. Because files containing compiled source code should not be reformatted to avoid affecting the functionality, Python Compiled Bytecode files should be retained in their current format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00744" ; rdfs:label "NF00744" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-bytecode.python" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-python-code" ; wikidata:p1195 "pyc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1111" ; wikidata:p973 "https://devguide.python.org/compiler/?highlight=pyc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55429287" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Python Compiled Bytecode 2.5" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Python" ; . naraid:NF00745 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Python Compiled Bytecode 2.6 (PYC) files contain binary compiled code written in the Python programming language. PYC files are created when a Python plain text PY script is run for the first time: the interpreter compiles the source code into bytecode to be executed by the Python virtual machine (PVM). A variant PYO file could be created in the 2.x versions when the Python interpreter was run with optimization flags. Python 2.6 was released in 2008 as a transitional backport of Python 3.0 into the 2.x framework. It included new and updated features, modules and libraries, and well as deprecation of existing ones. This version received bug fixes until 2013. Python has been widely adopted, is not proprietary, and has a published open format specification. Because files containing compiled source code should not be reformatted to avoid affecting the functionality, Python Compiled Bytecode files should be retained in their current format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00745" ; rdfs:label "NF00745" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-bytecode.python" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-python-code" ; wikidata:p1195 "pyc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1112" ; wikidata:p973 "https://devguide.python.org/compiler/?highlight=pyc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55429299" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Python Compiled Bytecode 2.6" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Python" ; . naraid:NF00746 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Python Compiled Bytecode 2.7 (PYC) files contain binary compiled code written in the Python programming language. PYC files are created when a Python plain text PY script is run for the first time: the interpreter compiles the source code into bytecode to be executed by the Python virtual machine (PVM). A variant PYO file could be created in the 2.x versions when the Python interpreter was run with optimization flags. Python 2.7 was released in 2010 as a transitional backport of Python 3.1 into the 2.x framework. It included new and updated features, modules and libraries, and well as deprecation of existing ones. This version was the last of the 2.x releases and received bug fixes until 2020. Python has been widely adopted, is not proprietary, and has a published open format specification. Because files containing compiled source code should not be reformatted to avoid affecting the functionality, Python Compiled Bytecode files should be retained in their current format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00746" ; rdfs:label "NF00746" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-bytecode.python" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-python-code" ; wikidata:p1195 "pyc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/939" ; wikidata:p973 "https://devguide.python.org/compiler/?highlight=pyc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55429163" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Python Compiled Bytecode 2.7" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Python" ; . naraid:NF00747 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Python Compiled Bytecode 3.0 (PYC) files contain binary compiled code written in the Python programming language. PYC files are created when a Python plain text PY script is run for the first time: the interpreter compiles the source code into bytecode to be executed by the Python virtual machine (PVM). Python 3.0 (a.k.a. \"Python 3000\" or \"Py3k\") was released in 2008 as a new version of the language that was incompatible with the 2.x line of releases, although some of its features were backported to version 2.6. This version only received bug fixes until 2009 when Python 3.1 was released. Python has been widely adopted, is not proprietary, and has a published open format specification. Because files containing compiled source code should not be reformatted to avoid affecting the functionality, Python Compiled Bytecode files should be retained in their current format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00747" ; rdfs:label "NF00747" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-bytecode.python" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-python-code" ; wikidata:p1195 "pyc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1113" ; wikidata:p973 "https://devguide.python.org/compiler/?highlight=pyc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55429313" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Python Compiled Bytecode 3.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Python" ; . naraid:NF00748 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Python Compiled Bytecode 3.1 (PYC) files contain binary compiled code written in the Python programming language. PYC files are created when a Python plain text PY script is run for the first time: the interpreter compiles the source code into bytecode to be executed by the Python virtual machine (PVM). Python 3.1 was released in 2009 as the second new version of the language that was incompatible with the 2.x line of releases, although some of its features were backported to version 2.7. When Python 3.1 was released all bug fixes for 3.0 were ended, bug fixes for 3.1 continued until 2012. Python has been widely adopted, is not proprietary, and has a published open format specification. Because files containing compiled source code should not be reformatted to avoid affecting the functionality, Python Compiled Bytecode files should be retained in their current format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00748" ; rdfs:label "NF00748" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-bytecode.python" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-python-code" ; wikidata:p1195 "pyc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1114" ; wikidata:p973 "https://devguide.python.org/compiler/?highlight=pyc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55429332" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Python Compiled Bytecode 3.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Python" ; . naraid:NF00749 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Python Compiled Bytecode 3.2 (PYC) files contain binary compiled code written in the Python programming language. PYC files are created when a Python plain text PY script is run for the first time: the interpreter compiles the source code into bytecode to be executed by the Python virtual machine (PVM). Python 3.2 was released in 2011 with no changes in Python's syntax and only few changes to built-in types. This version received bug fixes until 2016. Python has been widely adopted, is not proprietary, and has a published open format specification. Because files containing compiled source code should not be reformatted to avoid affecting the functionality, Python Compiled Bytecode files should be retained in their current format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00749" ; rdfs:label "NF00749" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-bytecode.python" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-python-code" ; wikidata:p1195 "pyc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1115" ; wikidata:p973 "https://devguide.python.org/compiler/?highlight=pyc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55429341" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Python Compiled Bytecode 3.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Python" ; . naraid:NF00750 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Python Compiled Bytecode 3.3 (PYC) files contain binary compiled code written in the Python programming language. PYC files are created when a Python plain text PY script is run for the first time: the interpreter compiles the source code into bytecode to be executed by the Python virtual machine (PVM). Python 3.3 was released in 2012 with several improvements meant for easier porting between applications written in 2.x to the 3.x version of the language. This version received bug fixes until 2017. Python has been widely adopted, is not proprietary, and has a published open format specification. Because files containing compiled source code should not be reformatted to avoid affecting the functionality, Python Compiled Bytecode files should be retained in their current format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00750" ; rdfs:label "NF00750" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-bytecode.python" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-python-code" ; wikidata:p1195 "pyc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1116" ; wikidata:p973 "https://devguide.python.org/compiler/?highlight=pyc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55429354" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Python Compiled Bytecode 3.3" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Python" ; . naraid:NF00751 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Python Compiled Bytecode 3.4 (PYC) files contain binary compiled code written in the Python programming language. PYC files are created when a Python plain text PY script is run for the first time: the interpreter compiles the source code into bytecode to be executed by the Python virtual machine (PVM). Python 3.4 was released in 2014 with hundreds of small improvements and bug fixes. This version received bug fixes until 2019. Python has been widely adopted, is not proprietary, and has a published open format specification. Because files containing compiled source code should not be reformatted to avoid affecting the functionality, Python Compiled Bytecode files should be retained in their current format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00751" ; rdfs:label "NF00751" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-bytecode.python" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-python-code" ; wikidata:p1195 "pyc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/940" ; wikidata:p973 "https://devguide.python.org/compiler/?highlight=pyc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50288190" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Python Compiled Bytecode 3.4" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Python" ; . naraid:NF00752 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Python Compiled Bytecode 3.5 (PYC) files contain binary compiled code written in the Python programming language. PYC files are created when a Python plain text PY script is run for the first time: the interpreter compiles the source code into bytecode to be executed by the Python virtual machine (PVM). Python 3.5 was released in 2015 with new language features and upgraded and new modules and libraries. This version received bug fixes until 2020. Python has been widely adopted, is not proprietary, and has a published open format specification. Because files containing compiled source code should not be reformatted to avoid affecting the functionality, Python Compiled Bytecode files should be retained in their current format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00752" ; rdfs:label "NF00752" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-bytecode.python" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-python-code" ; wikidata:p1195 "pyc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1117" ; wikidata:p973 "https://devguide.python.org/compiler/?highlight=pyc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55429372" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Python Compiled Bytecode 3.5" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Python" ; . naraid:NF00753 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Python Compiled Bytecode 3.6 (PYC) files contain binary compiled code written in the Python programming language. PYC files are created when a Python plain text PY script is run for the first time: the interpreter compiles the source code into bytecode to be executed by the Python virtual machine (PVM). Python 3.6 was released in 2016 with new language features and the addition of async generators. This version received bug fixes until 2021. Python has been widely adopted, is not proprietary, and has a published open format specification. Because files containing compiled source code should not be reformatted to avoid affecting the functionality, Python Compiled Bytecode files should be retained in their current format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00753" ; rdfs:label "NF00753" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-bytecode.python" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-python-code" ; wikidata:p1195 "pyc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1118" ; wikidata:p973 "https://devguide.python.org/compiler/?highlight=pyc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55429382" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Python Compiled Bytecode 3.6" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Python" ; . naraid:NF00754 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A DMP file is a binary file that contains data \"dumped\" from a program's memory space. It is often created when a program has an error or crashes and may also be saved by the program \"Savedump.exe\" on the first reboot after a crash" ; dcterms:identifier "NF00754" ; rdfs:label "NF00754" ; wikidata:p1195 "dmp" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Core_dump" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.howtogeek.com/196672/windows-memory-dumps-what-exactly-are-they-for/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29000588" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Memory Dump File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Windows Debug Tool """ ; . naraid:NF00755 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "OBJ is a geometry definition file format first developed by Wavefront Technologies for its Advanced Visualizer animation package. The file format is open and has been adopted by other 3D graphics application vendors. The .obj extension is for the ASCII version, while .mod is a proprietary, binary format. Wavefront 3.0 was jointly released as Alias Wavefront and Maya." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00755" ; rdfs:label "NF00755" ; wikidata:p1163 "model/obj" ; wikidata:p1195 "obj" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1210" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000507.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavefront_.obj_file" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20200324065233/https://www.cs.utah.edu/~boulos/cs3505/obj_spec.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/wavefrontobj/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119595" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Wavefront 3D Object File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Wavefront_OBJ" ; . naraid:NF00756 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A WinHelp file has a \".hlp\" suffix, which can be accompanied by an optional table of contents (.cnt) file if the help developer created one." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00756" ; rdfs:label "NF00756" ; wikidata:p1195 "cnt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1656" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WinHelp" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105849601" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "WinHelp File Table of Contents" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; . naraid:NF00757 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "An MSI Windows Installer, previously known as Microsoft Installer, is a software component and application programming interface (API) of Microsoft Windows used for the installation, maintenance, and removal of software. Software code should not be reformatted to avoid altering the functionality. These are compressed files that may contain several components, including binary files. Do not reformat MSI files to avoid affecting the functionality." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00757" ; rdfs:label "NF00757" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-ole-storage" ; wikidata:p1195 "msi" ; wikidata:p973 "https://devblogs.microsoft.com/setup/identifying-windows-installer-file-types/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/released-versions-of-windows-installer?redirectedfrom=MSDN" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Installer" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29209036" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Windows Installer Package" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Windows Installer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Windows_Installer" ; "A history of the development of installer files is available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20090115213653/http://blogs.msdn.com/robmen/archive/2003/11/25/56510.aspx" ; . naraid:NF00758 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A binary Executable and Linkable Format (ELF) file with the extension .o or .elf is the standard binary format for executables, object code, shared libraries and core dumps in Unix and Unix-like systems running x86 architecture. And earlier version instead used Extensible Linking Format for the acronym. These binary files should not be reformatted to avoid altering the functionality." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00758" ; rdfs:label "NF00758" ; wikidata:p1195 "elf" ; wikidata:p1195 "o" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/689" ; wikidata:p973 "http://formats.kaitai.io/elf/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.intezer.com/blog/research/executable-linkable-format-101-part1-sections-segments/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1343830" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Executable and Linkable Format 32-bit Big Endian" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Since several environments and applications use ELF files, this must be solved on a case-by-case basis." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format" ; . naraid:NF00759 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A binary Executable and Linkable Format (ELF) file with the extension .o or .elf is the standard binary format for executables, object code, shared libraries and core dumps in Unix and Unix-like systems running x86 architecture. And earlier version instead used Extensible Linking Format for the acronym. These binary files should not be reformatted to avoid altering the functionality." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00759" ; rdfs:label "NF00759" ; wikidata:p1195 "elf" ; wikidata:p1195 "o" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/688" ; wikidata:p973 "http://formats.kaitai.io/elf/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.intezer.com/blog/research/executable-linkable-format-101-part1-sections-segments/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1343830" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Executable and Linkable Format 32-bit Little Endian" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Since several environments and applications use ELF files, this must be solved on a case-by-case basis." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format" ; . naraid:NF00760 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A binary Executable and Linkable Format (ELF) file with the extension .o or .elf is the standard binary format for executables, object code, shared libraries and core dumps in Unix and Unix-like systems running x86 architecture. And earlier version instead used Extensible Linking Format for the acronym. These binary files should not be reformatted to avoid altering the functionality." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00760" ; rdfs:label "NF00760" ; wikidata:p1195 "elf" ; wikidata:p1195 "o" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/691" ; wikidata:p973 "http://formats.kaitai.io/elf/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.intezer.com/blog/research/executable-linkable-format-101-part1-sections-segments/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1343830" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Executable and Linkable Format 64-bit Big Endian" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Since several environments and applications use ELF files, this must be solved on a case-by-case basis." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format" ; . naraid:NF00761 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A binary Executable and Linkable Format (ELF) file with the extension .o or .elf is the standard binary format for executables, object code, shared libraries and core dumps in Unix and Unix-like systems running x86 architecture. And earlier version instead used Extensible Linking Format for the acronym. These binary files should not be reformatted to avoid altering the functionality." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00761" ; rdfs:label "NF00761" ; wikidata:p1195 "elf" ; wikidata:p1195 "o" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/690" ; wikidata:p973 "http://formats.kaitai.io/elf/index.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.intezer.com/blog/research/executable-linkable-format-101-part1-sections-segments/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1343830" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Executable and Linkable Format 64-bit Little Endian" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Since several environments and applications use ELF files, this must be solved on a case-by-case basis." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format" ; . naraid:NF00762 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) unspecified version is a wrapper that can store one or multiple raster graphics images. TIFFs support multiple internal encodings for lossy or lossless compression. The structure of TIFF files is organized into three internal primary sections, Image File Header (IFH), Image File Directory (IFD), and bitmap image data. When a TIFF contains multiple images, each image has a separate IFD. TIFF was developed by Aldus Corporation in 1986 and was bought by Adobe in 1994. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family. Unspecified TIFF files should be identified and should follow the proposed preservation plan provided for the various TIFF format variants." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00762" ; rdfs:label "NF00762" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/tiff" ; wikidata:p1195 "tif" ; wikidata:p1195 "tiff" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/tiff/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TIFF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/tif" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215106" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Depends on version, retain TIFF 1-6, otherwise see specific version plan" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/TIFF" ; "A number of TIFFs in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00762 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00763 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Digital Negative Format (DNG) is Adobe's format intended for storing camera raw data, and also supports partly processed images (Linear DNG). DNG is a lossless format that is an extension of TIFF 6.0 and compatible with TIFF/EP. DNG files contain the main image data, metadata, and may also contain JPEG previews. Version 1.0 was released in 2004. The standard is openly available and currently maintained, with tools available for rendering DNG files. NARA transforms many other camera raw formats into DNG for preservation, and recommends retaining DNG as-is. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00763" ; rdfs:label "NF00763" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/dng" ; wikidata:p1195 "dng" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/dng/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Negative" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1224796" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Digital Negative Format unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop with Camera RAW; Adobe DNG Converter; ExifTool; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DNG" ; "A number of DNG files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00763 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00764 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "National Imagery Transmission Format (NITF) is a container format for image and textual data, designed for interchange and interoperability. It was developed by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and Federal Intelligence Community (IC) in the 1980s. The file format is a component of the National Imagery Transmission Format Standard (NITFS), which is a suite of standards and specifications first developed to address imagery and imagery-related data interoperability issues. NITF is the default format for interchange between DoD systems, and packages together the image, optional overlays (symbols, graphics, etc.) and information about the image. Despite the similar name, the format is not related to the National Transfer Format (NTF) from the British Standards Institution. NITFS is currently maintained by the NITFS Technical Board and the specifications for versions 2.0 and 2.1 are openly available, however NITF is not widely adopted outside of the DoD and IC. Versions 2.0 and 2,1 are acceptable for the transfer of born-digital photographs per NARA Transfer Guidance. At this time, further research is required to determine NARA's preservation plan for NITF. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00764" ; rdfs:label "NF00764" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.nitf" ; wikidata:p1195 "nitf" ; wikidata:p1195 "ntf" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000242.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Imagery_Transmission_Format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://gwg.nga.mil/gwg/focus-groups/History_of_NITFS.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1961044" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "National Imagery Transmission Format unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/National_Imagery_Transmission_Format" ; "A number of NITF files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00764 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00765 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "This is an obsolete, proprietary, operating system-specific implementation of a Bitmap file that should be converted to a standard TIFF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00765" ; rdfs:label "NF00765" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/bmp" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-bmp" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-ms-bmp" ; wikidata:p1195 "bmp" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/os2bmp/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/bmp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMP_file_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/gdi/bitmap-storage" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "OS/2 Bitmap unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "A number of OS/2 Bitmap files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00765 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00766 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Windows Media Video (WMV) is a proprietary set of video codecs and their corresponding video coding formats developed by Microsoft in 1999. WMV video is stored in the proprietary Microsoft Advanced Systems Format (ASF) container. There are three codecs: WMV3 (Windows Media Video 9), WMVA (Windows Media Video 10) and WVC1 (Windows Media Video 9 Advanced Profile). WMV version 9 became an open standard in 2006 when the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) issued it as VC-1. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of codec has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family. While there is one codec that has an open specification, these are proprietary and there are concerns related to the application of digital rights management. Therefore, it is recommended to transform WMV files to AVI." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00766" ; rdfs:label "NF00766" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/x-ms-wmv" ; wikidata:p1195 "wmv" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/133" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000091.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/video/wmv/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Media_Video" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q280761" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "Windows Media Video with unspecified codec" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to AVI" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player with ASF codec """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WMV" ; "A number of Windows Media Video files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00766 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00767 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "WordPerfect is a proprietary word processing application currently owned by Corel Corporation. This version is well-documented but not currently supported. Conversion via open source or commercial applications to alternative formats is possible, but challenging, special attention must be paid to fonts and encryption. Conversions are likely to be imperfect. Support for conversion from WPD is provided by an actively maintained (Openhub, 2014) open source library: libwpd (libwpd, 2014). Corel supports a number of WordPerfect viewers (including for mobile devices) as well as the latest WordPerfect application itself." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00767" ; rdfs:label "NF00767" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.wordperfect" ; wikidata:p1195 "wp" ; wikidata:p1195 "wpd" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats//fdd/fdd000621.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "WordPerfect unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODT" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; "A number of Windows Media Video files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00767 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00768 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Enhanced Metafile (EMF) format is a vector graphic file. EMF is an improvement on the Windows Metafile Format (WMF). EMF stores 32-bit RGB image data in a series of records for rendering on a display or for output to a printer. EMF was developed and released in 1992 with Windows NT 3.1. Two of the main improvements over WMF are 1) support for 32-bit data (WMF is limited to 16-bit) and 2) its device-independence, meaning the graphic looks the same regardless of the device on which it is viewed. The format is proprietary, but has a published open specification, and is actively maintained. NARA recommends retaining EMF files as-is, or as necessary converting to a TBD vector graphics format. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00768" ; rdfs:label "NF00768" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-msmetafile" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/emf" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-emf" ; wikidata:p1195 "emf" ; wikidata:p1195 "emz" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Metafile#Variants" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/emf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-emf/91c257d7-c39d-4a36-9b1f-63e3f73d30ca" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054349" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Enhanced Metafile unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain, or as necessary transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Enhanced_Metafile" ; "A number of Enhanced Metafile files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00768 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00769 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A86 is a proprietary assembler for DOS which generates code for the Intel x86 family of microprocessors. The assembler is contained in one 32K executable and can directly produce a COM file or an object file for use with a standard linker. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00769" ; rdfs:label "NF00769" ; wikidata:p1195 "a86" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A86_(software)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20170521164033/https://verhoeven272.nl/fruttenboel/asm/a86man.html" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "A86 assembler source code file" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """DOS """ ; . naraid:NF00770 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "XLT is a Microsoft Excel 97-2003 template, a pre-formatted spreadsheet created by the user or by Excel. XLT conforms to the Excel Binary File Format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00770" ; rdfs:label "NF00770" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-excel" ; wikidata:p1195 "xlt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/17" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000510.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/spreadsheet/xlt/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_file_formats/ms-xls/cd03cb5f-ca02-4934-a391-bb674cb8aa06" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44935377" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Excel Template" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:xlt" ; . naraid:NF00771 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "POT is a Microsoft PowerPoint 97-2003 template file, conforming to the PowerPoint Binary File Format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00771" ; rdfs:label "NF00771" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint" ; wikidata:p1195 "pot" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/84" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/presentation/pot/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_PowerPoint" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_file_formats/ms-ppt/6be79dde-33c1-4c1b-8ccc-4b2301c08662?redirectedfrom=MSDN" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51331855" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Microsoft PowerPoint Template" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft PowerPoint; LibreOffice Impress """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PPT" ; . naraid:NF00772 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "cc:Mail (.cca) is a format produced by a discontinued store-and-forward LAN-based email system of the same name originally developed on MS-DOS by Concentric Systems, Inc. in the 1980s. The application was later acquired by Lotus and its features were incorporated into Lotus Notes; cc:Mail was discontinued in 2001. There were 14 million cc:Mail users at the end of 1997 and it was one of the most widely used email applications in the world at the time, with native clients and browser-based access on all major operating systems. cc:Mail was an ASCII-based file format which contained all email message components, including attachments. cc:Mail can be opened by any text editor and NARA recommends retention as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00772" ; rdfs:label "NF00772" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "cca" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000391.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cc:Mail" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/cca" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122047541" ; nara:category naraid:Email ; nara:formatName "CC:Mail archive" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; . naraid:NF00774 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "ARX is a compressed archive utility for DOS, and associated file format. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00774" ; rdfs:label "NF00774" ; wikidata:p1195 "arx" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105853859" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Compressed ARX file archive" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """DOS """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/ARX" ; . naraid:NF00775 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "HTML Components (HTC) is a legacy file format that allows for use of components as Dynamic HTML behaviors. HTC files consist of a standard HTML file with script blocks and a few HTC-specific elements: , , , , and . HTML Components were introduced with Internet Explorer 5 in 1999, and Dynamic HTML behaviors became obsolete with the release of Internet Explorer 10 in 2012. HTC has a published, open specification and contains markup and scripting languages that are plain text. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00775" ; rdfs:label "NF00775" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/x-component" ; wikidata:p1195 "htc" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/886" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML_Components" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/ms532146%28v=vs.85%29" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-HTMLComponents" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5636096" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "HTML Components" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; . naraid:NF00776 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Lotus 1-2-3 Spreadsheet Formatting File 3.0 (FM3) is a file format that contains the display formatting for version 3 of Lotus 1-2-3 Worksheets (.wk3). Lotus 1-2-3 was a spreadsheet, database, and graphical charting program, which was introduced in 1983 and was widely used on PCs in the 1980s and early 1990s. The FM3 file format was a closed, proprietary format, and Lotus 1-2-3 was discontinued by IBM in 2013. Because the format is closed and proprietary and the software for creating the files is no longer sold or supported, NARA recommends transforming these files into a more sustainable format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00776" ; rdfs:label "NF00776" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.lotus-1-2-3" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-123" ; wikidata:p1195 "fm3" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/332" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_1-2-3" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45350500" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Lotus 1-2-3 Spreadsheet Formatting file 3.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Assess ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV if possible" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Further research is required; possibly LibreOffice Calc; older versions of Microsoft Excel (pre-2007) """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:fm3" ; . naraid:NF00777 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "MDI is a proprietary image format that was used by Microsoft Office Document Imaging for storing scanned documents together with optional annotations or metadata which can include the text generated by OCR process. Microsoft Office Document Imaging was introduced in Office XP, and was included in Office 2003 and 2007. MDI is a variant of TIFF, but has a different header, and may use one of several undocumented compression schemes." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00777" ; rdfs:label "NF00777" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/vnd.ms-modi" ; wikidata:p1195 "mdi" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/881" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Office_shared_tools#MDI_file_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20230330150516/https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/install-modi-for-use-with-microsoft-office-2010-4fbd3076-6d01-9cb7-c574-3bbabc9eead9" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843084" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Document Imaging Format" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to TIFF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft MDI to TIFF File Converter """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MDI" ; . naraid:NF00778 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "MPEG-2 Program Stream is a container format that supports MEPG-2 compressed audio and video streams for synchronized playback and is part of the extensive Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) family. MPEG-2 Program Stream was released in 1993 and the programming can also be used to contain MPEG-1 video and audio streams. The MPEG file format has an open specification and is commonly used for streaming digital video. Therefore, it is preferred to retain the file as-is. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00778" ; rdfs:label "NF00778" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/mp2p" ; wikidata:p1195 "m2p" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/386" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000335.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/video/mpg/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG_program_stream" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20240409042523/https://mpeg.chiariglione.org/standards/mpeg-2/systems/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/87619.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28018471" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "MPEG-2 Program Stream" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MPEG_Program_Stream" ; . naraid:NF00779 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "An ENC file may be a generic encoded or encyrpted file that may use one of several different types of proprietary or standard encodings. ENC files may be encoded in the .UUE or Uuencoding format, or ENC files may use a proprietary encoding and can only be opened by the program that encoded the file, such as Lotus 1-2-3." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00779" ; rdfs:label "NF00779" ; wikidata:p1195 "enc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uuencoding" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/enc" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Unspecified encrypted or encoded (.enc) file" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Assess ; nara:preservationPlan "Further research is required" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools """ ; "Files identified by the .enc extension may be Lotus 1-2-3 encoded files, or other .enc encoded files. Further identification is required." ; . naraid:NF00780 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Apple Video file (M4V) is a video container that wraps audio and video streams together and is similar to MPEG-4 (MP4), with the main difference being that M4V files may optionally be protected by Digital Rights Management (DRM) copy protection. M4V is a proprietary format that was released alongside iTunes by Apple in 2006. If the files are not DRM protected, they should be transformed to MP4. If the files are DRM protected, they should be retained as-is. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00780" ; rdfs:label "NF00780" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/x-m4v" ; wikidata:p1195 "m4v" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/video/m4v/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M4V" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056154" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "Apple Video file" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Depends on version, transform to MP4 if not DRM protected, otherwise retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """If the file isn't DRM protected: VLC; QuickTime; Windows Media Player """ ; . naraid:NF00781 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "OpenProj was an open-source project management software application developed by Serena Software that is no longer maintained. The pod files contain projects created and used by the application." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00781" ; rdfs:label "NF00781" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-openproj" ; wikidata:p1195 "pod" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/522" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenProj" ; wikidata:p973 "https://sourceforge.net/projects/openproj/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60339399" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "OpenProj Project" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Assess ; nara:preservationPlan "Further research is required" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Further research is required; possibly ProjectLibre, OpenProject, or old version of OpenProj" ; . naraid:NF00782 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL) is a W3C recommended XML markup language to describe multimedia presentations. It defines markup for timing, layout, animations, visual transitions, and media embedding, among other things. SMIL allows presenting media items such as text, images, video, audio, links to other SMIL presentations, and files from multiple web servers. SMIL markup is written in XML, and has similarities to HTML." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00782" ; rdfs:label "NF00782" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/smil+xml" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/smil" ; wikidata:p1195 "smi" ; wikidata:p1195 "smil" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/205" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000572.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchronized_Multimedia_Integration_Language" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/SMIL/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1072180" ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SMIL" ; . naraid:NF00783 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM) is an international graphics data interchange format which defines a representation of 2D vector graphics, raster graphics, and text independent from any particular application. CGM is a metafile, not a graphics format. Originally released in 1987 as ISO 8632-1987 (aka CGM:1987), ISO 8632:1992 codifies Versions 1-3, and the Version 4 specification is ISO 8632-1:1999, inclusive of the elements in Versions 1-3. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family. NARA recommends retaining CGM as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00783" ; rdfs:label "NF00783" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/cgm" ; wikidata:p1195 "cgm" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000521.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_Graphics_Metafile" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/cgm/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/32378.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122267" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Computer Graphics Metafile unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/CGM" ; "A number of CGM files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00783 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00784 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The dBase system includes the core database engine, a query system, a forms engine, and a programming language that ties all of these components together. dBase's underlying file format, the .dbf file, is widely used in other applications needing a simple format to store structured data, including FoxBase, FoxPro, and Visual FoxPro. Because of this, investigation is required on a case-by-case basis to determine whether the information in these files should be integrated into the related database file and how best to do that." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00784" ; rdfs:label "NF00784" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/dbase" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/dbf" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-dbase" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-dbf" ; wikidata:p1195 "dbf" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000325.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DBase" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.dbf2002.com/dbf-file-format.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16545707" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "dBase Table unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV. If the DBF is part of a Shapefile, transform using Global Mapper. If the DBF is a standalone file, transform using LibreOffice." ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Global Mapper; LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/DBF" ; "A number of .dbf files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00784 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00785 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Lotus Notes (later IBM Notes and HCL Notes) is a desktop workflow application for email that can also be used to access databases such as document libraries and custom applications including workflows. The Lotus Development Corp. developed the program in 1989 and it was acquired by IBM in 1995. The mailbox database, consisting of email messages, chat and instant messages, calendar entries and To-Do items as well as other archived data, is stored in a single \"username.nsf\" file for each individual user. Contact Notes in the address book database are stored in the \"names.nsf\" file; contacts also can be saved into a readable format-vCard (VCF) or Comma Separated Value (CSV) file. Notebooks, also known as Personal Journals, are composed of personal documents and information that can define the priority documents of the custodian; these are found in the \"notebook.nsf\" file. Lotus Notes files are proprietary, require server access and a license, and cannot be opened by other tools. NARA recommends conversion to another file format, including converting the mailbox from CSV to PST or exporting emails as ASCII text. More research is required for conversion of other file types. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00785" ; rdfs:label "NF00785" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.lotus-notes" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-lotus-notes" ; wikidata:p1195 "nsf" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000433.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HCL_Domino" ; wikidata:p973 "https://github.com/libyal/libnsfdb/blob/master/documentation/Notes%20Storage%20Facility%20(NSF)%20database%20file%20format.asciidoc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.jagwaresoftware.com/blog/how-to-open-nsf-file-without-lotus-notes.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29167431" ; nara:category naraid:Calendars ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:category naraid:Email ; nara:formatName "Lotus Notes Database unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools; this will require testing on a case-by-case basis. IBM Notes may be required to convert files from their native format. There are tools in the marketplace to convert NSF to PST or EML: SysTools Lotus Notes NSF Converter; Stellar Converter for NSF, SysInfo NSF Viewer, and NSF Converter Tools NSF Viewer and NSF to PST and NSF to EML Converter Tool. There are documented procedures to use MS Outlook to convert CSV files made from NSF to PST, but it is unknown which versions are requires and which versions are supported." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Notes_Storage_Facility" ; . naraid:NF00786 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PICT is a graphics file format introduced on the original Apple Macintosh computer as its standard metafile format. It allows the interchange of graphics (both bitmapped and vector) between Mac applications, offers some limited text support, and was widely used. PICT was the native graphics format of QuickDraw, which was discontinued with Mac OS X. Because this format is poorly documented and not actively supported, NARA recommends transformation to PNG or JPEG." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00786" ; rdfs:label "NF00786" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-pict" ; wikidata:p1195 "pct" ; wikidata:p1195 "pic" ; wikidata:p1195 "pict" ; wikidata:p973 "http://web.archive.org/web/20010703041301/http://developer.apple.com/technotes/qd/qd_14.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/pct/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PICT" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Macintosh PICT unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PNG or JPEG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; ImageMagick; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PICT" ; "A number of PICT files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00786 is currently a catch-all for these. PRONOM PUIDs exist for both versions 1 and 2 of PICT." ; . naraid:NF00787 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "WPG is an image file format associated with the proprietary WordPerfect word processing application and DrawPerfect, an obsolete MS-DOS drawing application. It is primarily a vector format, but it can store both bitmap and vector data. A WPG file created using WordPerfect 5.0 can store either bitmap or vector image data, but not both at once. WPG files created using WordPerfect 5.1 and later can store both bitmap and vector image data in the same file." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00787" ; rdfs:label "NF00787" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-wpg" ; wikidata:p1195 "wpg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/395" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/wpg" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/wpg/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3564764" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "WordPerfect Graphics 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Draw """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WordPerfect_Graphics" ; . naraid:NF00788 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "WPG is an image file format associated with the proprietary WordPerfect word processing application and DrawPerfect, an obsolete MS-DOS drawing application. It is primarily a vector format, but it can store both bitmap and vector data. A WPG file created using WordPerfect 5.0 can store either bitmap or vector image data, but not both at once. WPG files created using WordPerfect 5.1 and later can store both bitmap and vector image data in the same file." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00788" ; rdfs:label "NF00788" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-wpg" ; wikidata:p1195 "wpg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1042" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/wpg" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/wpg/egff.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50419770" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "WordPerfect Graphics 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Draw """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WordPerfect_Graphics" ; . naraid:NF00789 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "WordPerfect is a proprietary word processing application currently owned by Corel Corporation. WordPerfect templates store customization information for WordPerfect and there are two types of .WPT templates: Workspace templates for how a user interacts with WordPerfect, and Project templates for what a user creates with WordPerfect." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00789" ; rdfs:label "NF00789" ; wikidata:p1195 "wpt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wptoolbox.com/tips/Templates.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66439263" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "WordPerfect Template" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODT if possible" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; . naraid:NF00790 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The TRK file is created by CompeGPS Land. It contains a series of locations that are overlaid on a map and is used to plan routes and load them into CompeGPS devices." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00790" ; rdfs:label "NF00790" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/xml-loc" ; wikidata:p1195 "trk" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GIS_file_formats" ; wikidata:p973 "https://manual.twonav.com/manual/land_air_93_en/wiki_land/?_gl=1*11221vd*_ga*MTI1NTkxMjgzMy4xNjc0MDc3OTcx*_ga_WN5QMF7KG5*MTY3NTg5Njg1MC4yLjEuMTY3NTg5Njg3MC40MC4wLjA." ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "CompeGPS Land Track file" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to KML" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Global Mapper """ ; . naraid:NF00791 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "An .acl file is a Microsoft AutoCorrect list file. These are the files where Office stores unformatted auto-correct entries and applies across all Office programs that support the AutoCorrect feature. The number in the filename refers to the language ID for the auto corrections." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00791" ; rdfs:label "NF00791" ; wikidata:p1195 "acl" ; wikidata:p973 "https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/how-to-move-autocorrect-entries-in-word-2007-from-one-computer-to-another-computer-bd515eb8-1fd3-3f52-4276-54d99684db63" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Office AutoCorrect List" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV if possible, otherwise retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools; further research is required """ ; . naraid:NF00792 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A PDF Portfolio (Portable Collection) is a feature of PDF introduced in version 1.7. A PDF Portfolio is a container of multiple files assembled into an integrated PDF unit. Portfolios can contain a wide range of file types created in different applications, such as text documents, e-mail messages, spreadsheets, CAD drawings, and presentations. The original files retain their individual identities and formats but are assembled into one PDF Portfolio file. Due to the wide variety of formats that can be aggregated, it cannot be assumed that files will be unencrypted, uncompressed, and/or without DRM. PDF Portfolio 1.7 is acceptable for the transfer of case files as per NARA Transfer Guidance, with additional requirements outlined for case files generally and Portfolios specifically. NARA recommends to retain PDF Portfolios as-is, but also extract files from the container." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00792" ; rdfs:label "NF00792" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1451" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000620.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/51502.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q109971781" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format (PDF) Portfolio 1.7" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain but possibly extract files from the container" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00793 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A PDF Portfolio (Portable Collection) is a feature of PDF introduced in version 1.7 and present in version 2.0 as well. A PDF Portfolio is a container of multiple files assembled into an integrated PDF unit. Portfolios can contain a wide range of file types created in different applications, such as text documents, e-mail messages, spreadsheets, CAD drawings, and presentations. The original files retain their individual identities and formats but are assembled into one PDF Portfolio file. Due to the wide variety of formats that can be aggregated, it cannot be assumed that files will be unencrypted, uncompressed, and/or without DRM. PDF Portfolio 2.0 is acceptable for the transfer of case files as per NARA Transfer Guidance, with additional requirements outlined for case files generally and Portfolios specifically. NARA recommends to retain PDF Portfolios as-is, but also extract files from the container." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00793" ; rdfs:label "NF00793" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000620.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/75839.html" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format (PDF) Portfolio 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain but possibly extract files from the container" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; . naraid:NF00794 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "E57 is a format for storing geometry point data (those produced by 3D imaging systems), attributes associated with 3D point data (color and intensity), and 2D imagery (digital photographs obtained using a 3D imaging system). It was developed to fill a need for a general purpose, open standard for storing 3D imaging systems data. Data stored in the file is a combination of binary and XML formats. Version 1.0 of the format was released in 2011. E57 is vendor-neutral, has an open specification, and is actively maintained by the international standards organization ASTM, therefore NARA recommends retaining E57 files as-is. It is considered a preferred format as per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00794" ; rdfs:label "NF00794" ; wikidata:p1163 "model/e57" ; wikidata:p1195 "e57" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/643" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000563.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/3d/e57/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.astm.org/e2807-11r19.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33517407" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "E57 Lidar Point Cloud Format" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/E57" ; . naraid:NF00795 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "GeoPackage (GPKG) is a data format for geographic information systems. It is defined as a SQLite 3 database file with a specific database schema that uses the file extension .gpkg. The database container contains data and metadata tables with typical definitions, format limitations, integrity assertions and content constraints. It is an open format that is developed and maintained by the Open Geospatial Consortium, and it has been adopted as a distribution format by government agencies in and outside the United States. There are several GIS software tools that provide support for reading and writing GeoPackage files. Due to these sustainability factors, GeoPackage can be retained as-is. GeoPackage is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00795" ; rdfs:label "NF00795" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/geopackage+sqlite3" ; wikidata:p1195 "gpkg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1700" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000520.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/gis/gpkg/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeoPackage" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.geopackage.org/spec/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.ogc.org/standards/geopackage" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22908624" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "GeoPackage" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/GeoPackage" ; . naraid:NF00796 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Web Archive Collection Zipped (WACZ) is a standardized structure for packaging WARC web archive data and metadata as a ZIP file. It is an open format developed and maintained by Webrecorder. WACZ adds to the WARC standard needed structural and descriptive metadata and indices, and packages this data and metadata in a ZIP archive, which is a ubiquitous archive packaging format. Web archives in general should never be migrated, as that would change the fundamental linkages and functionality of web objects. WACZ is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00796" ; rdfs:label "NF00796" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/wacz" ; wikidata:p1195 "wacz" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1840" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000586.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://specs.webrecorder.net/wacz/latest/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104903124" ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Web Archive Collection Zipped (WACZ)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain but extract files from the container" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools "WinZip to unzip the file, and pywb or OpenWayback for the processing of the WARC contents." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WACZ" ; . naraid:NF00797 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Software-Independent Archiving of Relational Databases (SIARD) 2.2 is a file format for storing the contents of relational databases in a vendor-neutral format for digital preservation. A SIARD file is a ZIP archive containing an XML file that describes the database structure, as well as XML files for the table contents. There may also be additional text or binary files for large objects. Version 2.2 is an update of Version 2.1.1. The new version included support for files outside the database, and scalability for large objects stored outside the SIARD. SIARD 2.2 was released in 2021 by the Digital Information LifeCycle Interoperability Standards Board (DILCIS) board. The SIARD format is not proprietary and has a published, open specification. NARA recommends retaining as-is. SIARD is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00797" ; rdfs:label "NF00797" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/xml+zip" ; wikidata:p1195 "siard" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1777" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_preservation#SIARD" ; wikidata:p973 "https://github.com/DILCISBoard/SIARD/blob/master/specification/SIARD_2_2.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q115037903" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "SIARD 2.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """DBPTK Database Preservation Toolkit """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SIARD" ; . naraid:NF00798 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, is an open ZIP-compressed XML-based file format specification for office applications. ODG files contain vector graphics that have been saved using XML formatting specifications. The format is considered preferred per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00798" ; rdfs:label "NF00798" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template" ; wikidata:p1195 "fodg" ; wikidata:p1195 "odg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1753" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000247.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part1-introduction/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part1-introduction.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument_technical_specification" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/open_document_format/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114059231" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "OpenDocument Graphics 1.3" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Draw """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/OpenDocument_Drawing" ; . naraid:NF00799 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, is an open ZIP-compressed XML-based file format specification for office applications. The format is considered preferred per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00799" ; rdfs:label "NF00799" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation" ; wikidata:p1195 "fodp" ; wikidata:p1195 "odp" ; wikidata:p1195 "otp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1754" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000247.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/presentation/otp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part1-introduction/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part1-introduction.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument_technical_specification" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/open_document_format/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114059857" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "OpenDocument Presentation 1.3" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Impress; Microsoft PowerPoint """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/OpenDocument_Presentation" ; . naraid:NF00800 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, is an open ZIP-compressed XML-based file format specification for office applications. The format is considered preferred per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00800" ; rdfs:label "NF00800" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet" ; wikidata:p1195 "fods" ; wikidata:p1195 "ods" ; wikidata:p1195 "ots" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1755" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000247.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part1-introduction/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part1-introduction.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument_technical_specification" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/open_document_format/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114061472" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "OpenDocument Spreadsheet 1.3" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc; Microsoft Excel """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Open_Document_Spreadsheet" ; . naraid:NF00801 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, is an open ZIP-compressed XML-based file format specification for office applications. The format is considered preferred per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00801" ; rdfs:label "NF00801" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text" ; wikidata:p1195 "fodt" ; wikidata:p1195 "odt" ; wikidata:p1195 "ott" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1756" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000247.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/word-processing/odt/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.oasis-open.org/office/OpenDocument/v1.3/os/part1-introduction/OpenDocument-v1.3-os-part1-introduction.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument_technical_specification" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/open_document_format/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/c/c6/ODT_Assessment-v1.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114074169" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "OpenDocument Text 1.3" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Writer; Microsoft Word """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/OpenDocument_Text" ; . naraid:NF00802 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "JPEG XL is a raster graphic image file format designed for web display. In 2018, JPEG XL was developed by the Joint Photographic Experts Group by building on the existing FUIF (Free Universal Image Format) and PIK (Google raster image file format) formats. JPEG XL standardization part 1 was published in 2022, part 2 in 2021 and part 3 and 4 in 2022. JPEG XL is a fully disclosed open standard, and files should be retained as-is since the files can easily be opened, are lossless, and are prevalent in the field." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00802" ; rdfs:label "NF00802" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/jxl" ; wikidata:p1195 "jxl" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1485" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000538.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/jxl/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG_XL" ; wikidata:p973 "https://github.com/libjxl/libjxl" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/85253.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72885392" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "JPEG XL" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools "ImageMagick. Chrome supported, but then removed the ability to render JPEG XL natively." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/JPEG_XL" ; . naraid:NF00803 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "QuarkXPress (QXD) is desktop publishing software for layout, typesetting and compositing, used to create a range of documents from single-page flyers to full multimedia publications. QuarkXPress was first released in 1987, versions 1 through 3 were only available for the Apple Macintosh only. Version 3.1 was released in 1992 as the first version for Microsoft Windows. QuarkXPress is proprietary, does not have a published open specification, is not actively maintained or updated by an organization or community, and renderers are not available. Therefore, NARA recommends transformation to InDesign and PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00803" ; rdfs:label "NF00803" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.quark.quarkxpress" ; wikidata:p1195 "qxd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1317" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QuarkXPress" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89344774" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "QuarkXPress 3.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to InDesign and PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice with the libqxp library """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/QuarkXPress" ; . naraid:NF00804 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "QuarkXPress (QXD) is desktop publishing software for layout, typesetting and compositing, used to create a range of documents from single-page flyers to full multimedia publications. QuarkXPress was first released in 1987. Released in 1993, version 3.2 was the first to support color management and AppleScript for scripted workflows on the Mac. QuarkXPress is proprietary, does not have a published open specification, is not actively maintained or updated by an organization or community, and renderers are not available. Therefore, NARA recommends transformation to InDesign and PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00804" ; rdfs:label "NF00804" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.quark.quarkxpress" ; wikidata:p1195 "qxd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1444" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QuarkXPress" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q100706066" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "QuarkXPress 3.2 for Macintosh" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to InDesign and PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """LibreOffice with the libqxp library """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/QuarkXPress" ; . naraid:NF00805 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "QuarkXPress (QXD) is desktop publishing software for layout, typesetting and compositing, used to create a range of documents from single-page flyers to full multimedia publications. QuarkXPress was first released in 1987, versions 1 through 3 were only available for the Apple Macintosh only. Version 3.3 was released in 1996 as the first version to natively support Apple PowerPC processors. QuarkXPress is proprietary, does not have a published open specification, is not actively maintained or updated by an organization or community, and renderers are not available. Therefore, NARA recommends transformation to InDesign and PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00805" ; rdfs:label "NF00805" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.quark.quarkxpress" ; wikidata:p1195 "qxd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1318" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QuarkXPress" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89344956" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "QuarkXPress 3.3" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to InDesign and PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """InDesign or LibreOffice with the libqxp library """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/QuarkXPress" ; . naraid:NF00806 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "QuarkXPress (QXD) is desktop publishing software for layout, typesetting and compositing, used to create a range of documents from single-page flyers to full multimedia publications. QuarkXPress was first released in 1987. Released in 1997, version 4.0 introduced major UI improvements and was the first to support the use of bezier curves. QuarkXPress is proprietary, does not have a published open specification, is not actively maintained or updated by an organization or community, and renderers are not available. Therefore, NARA recommends transformation to InDesign and PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00806" ; rdfs:label "NF00806" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.quark.quarkxpress" ; wikidata:p1195 "qxd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1319" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QuarkXPress" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89347372" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "QuarkXPress 4" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to InDesign and PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """InDesign or LibreOffice with the libqxp library """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/QuarkXPress" ; . naraid:NF00807 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "QuarkXPress (QXD) is desktop publishing software for layout, typesetting and compositing, used to create a range of documents from single-page flyers to full multimedia publications. QuarkXPress was first released in 1987. Released in 2002, version 5.0 was the first to support tables and the ability to export as HTML. QuarkXPress is proprietary, does not have a published open specification, is not actively maintained or updated by an organization or community, and renderers are not available. Therefore, NARA recommends transformation to InDesign and PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00807" ; rdfs:label "NF00807" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.quark.quarkxpress" ; wikidata:p1195 "qxd" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1320" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QuarkXPress" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89682010" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "QuarkXPress 5" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to InDesign and PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. QXPmarkz SE is a standalone application that can convert QuarkXPress files to InDesign. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/QuarkXPress" ; . naraid:NF00808 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "QuarkXPress (QXD) is desktop publishing software for layout, typesetting and compositing, used to create a range of documents from single-page flyers to full multimedia publications. QuarkXPress was first released in 1987. Released in 2003, version 6.0 was the first to run on both Macintosh OSX and Windows XP, and introduced the ability to work across multiple layout spaces for different types of output based on the same synchronized content. QuarkXPress is proprietary, does not have a published open specification, is not actively maintained or updated by an organization or community, and renderers are not available. Therefore, NARA recommends transformation to InDesign and PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00808" ; rdfs:label "NF00808" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.quark.quarkxpress" ; wikidata:p1195 "qxp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/652" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QuarkXPress" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60372734" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "QuarkXPress 6" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to InDesign and PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. QXPmarkz SE is a standalone application that can convert QuarkXPress files to InDesign. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/QuarkXPress" ; . naraid:NF00809 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Sony Alpha RAW (ARW) is a raw image format native to Sony digital cameras. The first version of ARW was released in 2006 with the Sony Alpha line of cameras. Like many camera raw formats, it is proprietary but based on TIFF. Raw image files contain unprocessed or minimally processed digital camera image sensor data. Depending on when an ARW file was created, it may be uncompressed, have lossy compression, or lossless compression due to changing features of the format over time. To view the raw files, the output from the image sensor must be converted to a photographic rendering (processed) and stored in a viewable raster graphics format such as TIFF or JPEG. Processing may occur in the camera or through a raw file converter. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transforming to Digital Negative Format (DNG) for preservation.retain the raw sensor data." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00809" ; rdfs:label "NF00809" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "arw" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/191" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000241.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_image_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://exiftool.org/TagNames/Sony.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://github.com/lclevy/sony_raw" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28205439" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Sony Alpha RAW (ARW)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to DNG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop with Camera RAW; Adobe DNG Converter; ExifTool; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Sony_ARW" ; . naraid:NF00810 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Radiance HDR, also known as RGBE, is an open source, lossless format based on the Radiance Picture (.pic) format. It was the first defined HDR image format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00810" ; rdfs:label "NF00810" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/vnd.radiance" ; wikidata:p1195 "hdr" ; wikidata:p1195 "pic" ; wikidata:p1195 "rgbe" ; wikidata:p1195 "xyze" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/591" ; wikidata:p973 "http://paulbourke.net/dataformats/pic/" ; wikidata:p973 "http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/refer/filefmts.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/hdr/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RGBE_image_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3928271" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Radiance HDR (RGBE)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Radiance_HDR" ; . naraid:NF00811 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Windows Animated Cursor file format (ANI) is a graphics file format (further characterized as an animated raster image format or chunk-based bitmap format) for animated mouse cursors, which serve as a graphical indicator of user interaction based on the current state of the pointing device (e.g., mouse). It was developed by Microsoft as part of its Windows operating system (most notably Win95 and WinNT), coming into use as a format circa 1992 and ebbing in popularity circa 2007, although the format can still be found in more limited use today although not to the same extent as the Cursor image file format (CUR). The ANI file format is based on the Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF), which is a container format composed of a number of chunks (i.e., self-contained units of data storing specific types of information). The series of chunks therein contain two or more bitmaps, each of which generally has either Windows cursor data, icon data, or possibly raw bitmaps; additionally, the ANI file format contains information that controls the rate and sequence in which frames are displayed. While the ANI file format can be considered proprietary, the specifications for the RIFF format are documented publicly and available. When determining whether to retain ANI files as is or convert to another format, it is ideal to determine if they can still be rendered in a current Microsoft Windows operating system or via a third-party software such as RealWorld Cursor Editor. Due to the prevalence of the Microsoft Windows operating system, along with the particular structure of ANI files and how they might relate to other files in context of their usage it is recommended to retain them as is unless a.) they can no longer easily be rendered and/or b.) the following caveat applies, that ANI files created circa 1992-2001 (with emphasis on 1992-1995) may possibly contain files from the OS/2 Bitmap family. (See also CUR, ICO, Bitmap file format descriptions for further considerations.) Converting ANI to GIF or ANPNG can be considered as a possible approach but more research is also needed." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00811" ; rdfs:label "NF00811" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-navi-animation" ; wikidata:p1195 "ani" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/386" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000025.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/system/ani/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANI_(file_format)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.daubnet.com/en/file-format-ani" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.gdgsoft.com/anituner/help/aniformat.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295711" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Windows Animated Cursor" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain, or as necessary transform to GIF or ANPNG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Windows OS; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/ANI" ; . naraid:NF00812 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Image file saved by the Pixel image editor, a multi-platform image program. Pixel image files can be saved in RGB, CMYK, grayscale, and CIE Lab modes, as well as the HDR (High Dynamic Range) format with 32-bit precision. Little information is available on this format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00812" ; rdfs:label "NF00812" ; wikidata:p1195 "px" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/px#:~:text=Image%20file%20saved%20by%20the,PSD)%20document" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105864182" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Pixel Image File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Assess ; nara:preservationPlan "Further research is required" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools """ ; . naraid:NF00813 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Multiresolution Seamless Image Database (MrSID) files are wavelet-based, compressed raster images most commonly used in geospatial applications. The images consist of encoded subsets of image data called \"bitplanes,\" which can be used to render only the desired portion of the image at the scale and image quality requested by the user, without decompressing the entire file. A prototype of the format was initially developed by Los Alamos National Library in 1992, with LizardTech's proprietary commercial version (\"MrSID Generation 2 / MG2\") following in 1998. MG3 added lossless compression and composite images in 2002, and MG4 incorporated multispectral imagery and alpha bands in 2009. Extensis merged with LizardTech in 2018. As of 2025, GeoWGS84 Corp acquired rights to the MrSID format from Extensis. The format is proprietary and does not have an open, published standard. NARA recommends retaining these files as-is and also transforming them to JPEG for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00813" ; rdfs:label "NF00813" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-mrsid" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-mrsid-image" ; wikidata:p1195 "sid" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/392" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000184.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://cdn2.hubspot.net/hubfs/1740477/Documents/Image%20Asset%20Management%20-%20General/MrSID%20White%20Paper/MrSID-Whitepaper-EN-20181030.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MrSID" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20110522210303/http://www.lizardtech.com/files/geo/techinfo/MrSID_Tech_Primer.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1422885" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Multiresolution Seamless Image Database (MrSID)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain but also transform to JPEG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MrSID" ; . naraid:NF00814 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "SoundFont is a proprietary format that uses sample-based synthesis to play Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) files that can contain collections of instrument sounds and other audio streams. SoundFont is the brand name and also refers to the file format (.SF2). SoundFont files were first introduced for Creative's Sound Blaster AWE32 in 1994. Then SoundFont version 2.0 was released in 1996, version 2.01/2.1 was released in 1998, and version 2.04/2.4 was released in 2005 with Sound Blaster X-Fi. SF2 files are based on the Microsoft Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF). RIFF is a multimedia resource file structure and does not contain any sounds, only digital instructions on how to play them. While SoundFont has open specifications, it is recommended to transform SF2 files to MP3 or WAV due to being proprietary. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00814" ; rdfs:label "NF00814" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "sf2" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000025.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.synthfont.com/sfspec24.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/audio/sf2/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SoundFont" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27967384" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "SoundFont 2 Sound Bank" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to MP3 or WAV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SoundFont_2.0" ; . naraid:NF00815 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Soundtrack Pro was a proprietary music composing and audio editing application from Apple that was included with Logic Studio and Final Cut Studio. Soundtrack Pro was released in 2003 and the last release was in 2009. Soundtrack Pro Project (.stmp) files are binary property lists, and the format was the native format for saving projects. Due to the lack of ongoing support, proprietary nature, and unidentified transformation tools, the files should be retained for future assessment." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00815" ; rdfs:label "NF00815" ; wikidata:p1195 "stmp" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soundtrack_Pro" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Apple Soundtrack Pro Project" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Assess ; nara:preservationPlan "Further research is required" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. Format transformation might require an old version of Final Cut or other software that supported Soundtrack Pro. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Soundtrack_Pro" ; . naraid:NF00816 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The IRCAM sound file (SF, BICSF) was developed in the 1980s by the Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM) in France, Berkeley Fast Filesystem, and Computer Audio Research Lab (CARL) at UC San Diego. SF was primarily used for the creation of early computer-generated compositions, including by the Csound music computing system that runs in the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) UNIX-based operating system. Other various academic research centers utilized these audio programs within the BSD operating system to compose and save musical recordings. It is recommended to transform to MP3 or WAV for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00816" ; rdfs:label "NF00816" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-ircam" ; wikidata:p1195 "sf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20210921073106/http://www-mmsp.ece.mcgill.ca/documents/AudioFormats/IRCAM/IRCAM.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27960107" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "IRCAM Sound File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to MP3 or WAV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Audacity """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Berkeley/IRCAM/Carl_Sound_Format" ; . naraid:NF00817 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PTS is a saved audio session format from the Pro Tools software within versions 5.1 to 6.9. Pro Tools is digital audio software developed by Avid Technology that was first released in 1989 for Windows and Mac. Project files can include settings, plugins and references to audio but do not contain direct audio data so project files should be accompanied by audio files. PTS was replaced with PTF with versions 7-9.9. Due to the proprietary nature and lack of open specification, PTS files should be transformed to WAV if possible." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00817" ; rdfs:label "NF00817" ; wikidata:p1195 "pts" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1951" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000639.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro_Tools" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q125869754" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Avid Pro Tools Session versions 5.1-6.9" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to WAV if possible" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. Format transformation might require Pro Tools software with backwards compatibility. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PTS" ; . naraid:NF00818 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe Premiere Pro Project files (PRPROJ) are containers created by the video editing software Adobe Premiere Pro. PRPROJ stores all the components of a video editing project and those components can include video clips, audio clips, effects, sequencing, and transitions. This proprietary file format is not compatible with other video editing software and is XML based. Project files created with Premiere Pro 1.0 and on are encoded with GZIP, a compressed file format. Adobe Premiere Pro was initially released in 2003 by Adobe. PRPROJ files should be retained as-is, as well as the components within the container should be extracted. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00818" ; rdfs:label "NF00818" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/xml" ; wikidata:p1195 "prproj" ; wikidata:p973 "https://community.adobe.com/t5/premiere-pro-discussions/premiere-pro-cc-project-file-prproj-no-longer-xml/m-p/5350271" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/video/prproj/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Premiere_Pro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105864404" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "Adobe Premiere Pro Project" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain but extract files from the container" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor; Adobe Premiere Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Premiere_Pro" ; . naraid:NF00819 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Apple Final Cut Pro Project files are created by Final Cut Pro. Final Cut Pro is proprietary video editing software developed by Apple that was released in 1999. Versions 1-7 project files were saved in a binary format with the .fcp extension. Project files do not contain the media used for the project. Version 7 was released in 2009 and superseded in 2011 with Final Cut Pro X that saved project files as .fcpx, an XML format. FCP files should be transformed to Final Cut Pro XML Interchange Format (FCPXML) when possible. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00819" ; rdfs:label "NF00819" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "fcp" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Final_Cut_Pro" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56653770" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "Apple Final Cut Pro Project" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Assess ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to Final Cut Pro XML Interchange Format (FCPXML) if possible" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. Format transformation might require an old version of Final Cut Pro software. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Final_Cut_Pro" ; . naraid:NF00820 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Beyond TV Transport Stream (TP) files were created by Beyond TV software. Beyond TV was digital video recorder software for Microsoft that was created by SnapStream in 2000, and was discontinued in 2010 with version 4.9.3. TP files are captured from Transport Stream (TS) files, which are video containers that save video, audio, and programming information using an MPEG-2 transport stream. TP is recorded by a supported TV tuner card along with a television source like cable. TP files are proprietary, are considered obsolete, and there is limited support for the file format. At this time, TP files should be retained for future assessment. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00820" ; rdfs:label "NF00820" ; wikidata:p1195 "tp" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.digital-digest.com/software/beyond_tv_history.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyond_TV" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "Beyond TV Transport Stream" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Assess ; nara:preservationPlan "Further research is required" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools """ ; . naraid:NF00821 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The .est format was used for map files made in Microsoft's Streets and Trips software. for map files made with the use of the mapping software from Streets & Trips. The software was discontinued in 2015 and this is an obsolete, proprietary format that is no longer supported by Microsoft." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00821" ; rdfs:label "NF00821" ; wikidata:p1195 "est" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Streets_%26_Trips" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Streets and Trips Map Format" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Assess ; nara:preservationPlan "Further research is required" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools """ ; . naraid:NF00822 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Offline Storage Table (.ost) files are data files for classic Microsoft Outlook that are stored locally on a workstation, with similar structure to PST files. OST files provide access to previously synchronized data such as emails, appointments, and contacts in times of disconnectivity, and newly created items are automatically synchronized to the server when connectivity is restored. OST files can be opened in PST Viewer Pro and the format is well-known and widely used. NARA recommends retention as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00822" ; rdfs:label "NF00822" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-outlook" ; wikidata:p1195 "ost" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/email/ost/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_Storage_Table" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_file_formats/ms-pst/141923d5-15ab-4ef1-a524-6dce75aae546" ; wikidata:p973 "https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/introduction-to-outlook-data-files-pst-and-ost-222eaf92-a995-45d9-bde2-f331f60e2790" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29651234" ; nara:category naraid:Email ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Offline Outlook Data File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """PST Viewer Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Personal_Folder_File" ; . naraid:NF00823 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe Illustrator Artwork (AI) is a vector graphics file format that is native to Adobe Illustrator software. Version 10.0 of the software was released in 2001, introducing CSS layer support and saving for the web, among other features. The AI file format is widely used for storing and exchanging 2D graphics and is proprietary to Adobe Systems. Beginning with version 9, the AI file format embeds a PDF file; both the .ai and .pdf file extensions may be used. Earlier versions of the file format were fully compatible with the Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) format. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transformation to PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00823" ; rdfs:label "NF00823" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/postscript" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.adobe.illustrator" ; wikidata:p1195 "ai" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/559" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/ai/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; wikidata:p973 "https://preservation.tylerthorsted.com/2023/04/07/adobe-illustrator-and-pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47498547" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Adobe Illustrator Artwork 10.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; . naraid:NF00824 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe Illustrator Artwork (AI) is a vector graphics file format that is native to Adobe Illustrator software. Version 11.0 of the software, also known as CS, was released in 2003, introducing a template file format and the option to save for Microsoft Office, among other features. The AI file format is widely used for storing and exchanging 2D graphics and is proprietary to Adobe Systems. Beginning with version 9, the AI file format embeds a PDF file; both the .ai and .pdf file extensions may be used. Earlier versions of the file format were fully compatible with the Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) format. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transformation to PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00824" ; rdfs:label "NF00824" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/postscript" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.adobe.illustrator" ; wikidata:p1195 "ai" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/560" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/ai/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; wikidata:p973 "https://preservation.tylerthorsted.com/2023/04/07/adobe-illustrator-and-pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47498552" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Adobe Illustrator Artwork 11.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; . naraid:NF00825 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe Illustrator Artwork (AI) is a vector graphics file format that is native to Adobe Illustrator software. Version 12.0 of the software, also known as CS2, was released in 2005, introducing Photoshop layer support and SVG-t and PDF/X export options, among other features. The AI file format is widely used for storing and exchanging 2D graphics and is proprietary to Adobe Systems. Beginning with version 9, the AI file format embeds a PDF file; both the .ai and .pdf file extensions may be used. Earlier versions of the file format were fully compatible with the Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) format. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transformation to PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00825" ; rdfs:label "NF00825" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/postscript" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.adobe.illustrator" ; wikidata:p1195 "ai" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/561" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/ai/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; wikidata:p973 "https://preservation.tylerthorsted.com/2023/04/07/adobe-illustrator-and-pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47498555" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Adobe Illustrator Artwork 12.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; . naraid:NF00826 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe Illustrator Artwork (AI) is a vector graphics file format that is native to Adobe Illustrator software. Version 13.0 of the software, also known as CS3, was released in 2007, introducing Flash integration among other features. The AI file format is widely used for storing and exchanging 2D graphics and is proprietary to Adobe Systems. Beginning with version 9, the AI file format embeds a PDF file; both the .ai and .pdf file extensions may be used. Earlier versions of the file format were fully compatible with the Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) format. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transformation to PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00826" ; rdfs:label "NF00826" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/postscript" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.adobe.illustrator" ; wikidata:p1195 "ai" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/562" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/ai/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; wikidata:p973 "https://preservation.tylerthorsted.com/2023/04/07/adobe-illustrator-and-pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47498565" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Adobe Illustrator Artwork 13.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; . naraid:NF00827 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe Illustrator Artwork (AI) is a vector graphics file format that is native to Adobe Illustrator software. Version 14.0 of the software, also known as CS4, was released in 2008, introducing live gradient editing among other features. The AI file format is widely used for storing and exchanging 2D graphics and is proprietary to Adobe Systems. Beginning with version 9, the AI file format embeds a PDF file; both the .ai and .pdf file extensions may be used. Earlier versions of the file format were fully compatible with the Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) format. Due to the proprietary nature of the format, NARA recommends transformation to PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00827" ; rdfs:label "NF00827" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/postscript" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.adobe.illustrator" ; wikidata:p1195 "ai" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/563" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/ai/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; wikidata:p973 "https://preservation.tylerthorsted.com/2023/04/07/adobe-illustrator-and-pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47498736" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Adobe Illustrator Artwork 14.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator_Artwork" ; . naraid:NF00828 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Exchangeable Image File Format (EXIF) is a format for digital still cameras. EXIF was developed by the Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association (JEITA) in 1995. The EXIF specification uses JPEG encoding for compressed image files and TIFF 6.0 for uncompressed image files, with additional metadata tags defined for camera settings, image metrics, date, time, and location information, thumbnail previews, descriptions, and copyright information. EXIF version 2.21 was released in 2003, revising version 2.2 around color space support. EXIF and JPEG are openly documented, widely adopted formats with open source tools available. EXIF 2.21 compressed files should be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00828" ; rdfs:label "NF00828" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/jpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/645" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000146.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/exif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exif" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26385158" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Exchangeable Image File Format Compressed 2.21" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """ExifTool; Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Exif" ; . naraid:NF00829 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Exchangeable Image File Format (EXIF) is a format for digital still cameras. EXIF was developed by the Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association (JEITA) in 1995. The EXIF specification uses JPEG encoding for compressed image files and TIFF 6.0 for uncompressed image files, with additional metadata tags defined for camera settings, image metrics, date, time, and location information, thumbnail previews, descriptions, and copyright information. EXIF version 2.3 was released in 2010, making corrections to earlier versions. EXIF and JPEG are openly documented, widely adopted formats with open source tools available. EXIF 2.3 compressed files should be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00829" ; rdfs:label "NF00829" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/jpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "jpg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1507" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000146.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/exif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exif" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.cipa.jp/std/documents/e/DC-008-2012_E.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26385104" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Exchangeable Image File Format Compressed 2.3.x" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """ExifTool; Adobe Photoshop; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Exif" ; . naraid:NF00830 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Virtural Reality Modeling Language (VRML) was the predecessor to X3D. Both are 3D vector formats which use the same underlying graphics model. X3D is an XML representation of the model, while VRML is a different text-based representation of the model. VRML is internationally standardized as ISO/IEC 14772-1:1997. The file extension for uncompressed VRML files is .wrl. WRL files are sometimes gzip-compressed and may use an extension of .wrz, .wrl.gz, or may still use .wrl." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00830" ; rdfs:label "NF00830" ; wikidata:p1163 "model/vrml" ; wikidata:p1163 "x-world/x-vrml" ; wikidata:p1195 "wrl" ; wikidata:p1195 "wrl.gz" ; wikidata:p1195 "wrz" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/94" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000602.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/3d/vrml/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VRML" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/25508.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/30893.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176061" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "VRML97" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to X3D if possible, otherwise retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FME """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/VRML" ; "Also referred to as VRML 2.0." ; . naraid:NF00831 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "GeoJSON is a geospatial data format that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) to capture data about geographic features. It is widely used for data interchange. The GeoJSON format was initially published in 2008 and was then updated to RFC 7946, which is an Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Proposed Standard. GeoJSON is an open standard which has been widely adopted, and can be rendered in any text editor. JSON is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance, although GeoJSON specifically is not referenced. Because the standard is open and the data can be easily rendered, GeoJSON files may be retained in their original format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00831" ; rdfs:label "NF00831" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/geo+json" ; wikidata:p1195 "geojson" ; wikidata:p1195 "json" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1367" ; wikidata:p973 "https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7946" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/gis/geojson/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeoJSON" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000382.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5533904" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "GeoJSON" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper; Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/GeoJSON" ; "fdd000382 refers to version 1.0 of the format, rather than the one described by RFC 7946." ; . naraid:NF00832 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Publisher (PUB) is a desktop publishing application that is distributed by Microsoft, often as part of their Office suite of products. If files have been identified by the .pub extension, they may have been created by either an early version of Ventura Publisher or by any version of Microsoft Publisher, and further identification is required. Microsoft launched Publisher 1.0 in 1991 and will cease support for Publisher in 2026. Microsoft Publisher files are proprietary and do not have an open, published format specification. Therefore, transforming PUB files to PDF is recommended. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00832" ; rdfs:label "NF00832" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-publisher" ; wikidata:p1195 "pub" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Publisher" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Publisher unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. There are multiple free online converters for Publisher to PDF. LibreOffice can open Microsoft Publisher 98-2010 files, but it is unclear if anything would be lost if transformed to OpenDocument." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Publisher" ; "A number of Publisher files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00832 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00833 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A CDX file is a plain text file that accompanies ARC and WARC files. It consists of individual lines of text, each of which summarizes a single web document. CDX files are created as websites are crawled and are used by tools like pywb and OpenWayback to look up captures in WARC files. CDX has an open specification; the 2015 specification has been proposed as an International Internet Preservation Consortium (IIPC) standard but not officially adopted. It notes that default usage has changed for the Internet Archive and that some fields from the 2006 specification appear to be obsolete. It is recommended to retain CDX files as-is or transform them into OpenWayback CDXJ." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00833" ; rdfs:label "NF00833" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "cdx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/869" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000590.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/cdx-format/cdx-2006/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47538013" ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "CDX Internet Archive Index" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain or transform to CDXJ" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """pywb or OpenWayback for the processing of the WARC contents """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/CDX" ; . naraid:NF00834 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Access is a desktop database management system. Access was built on the JET (Joint Engine Technology) Database Engine and was first released in 1992. Versions of Access before 2007 use the .mdb format, which changed significantly from version to version. Microsoft Access is a proprietary file format and while Microsoft does not provide specifications, programming access through Open Database Connectivity and Visual Basic for Applications allows for an understanding of the file format. Earlier versions of the MDB format may not be opened in versions earlier than Access 2013 and are proprietary, so these files should be transformed to SIARD or CSV. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00834" ; rdfs:label "NF00834" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-msaccess" ; wikidata:p1195 "mdb" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000462.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Access" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fmsinc.com/MicrosoftAccess/history/features.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931564" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Access (.mdb) unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Depends on version, see specific version plan" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """DBPTK Database Preservation Toolkit """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Access" ; "A number of Access files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00834 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00835 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Access is a desktop database management system. Access was built on the JET (Joint Engine Technology) Database Engine and was first released in 1992. With the introduction of the subscription model in Office 365 in 2013 and continuous releases of new features, compatibility between versions of the program may be broken depending on the features used in each file. Versions of Access from 2007 use the .accdb format, which changed significantly from version to version. Microsoft Access is a proprietary file format and while Microsoft does not provide specifications, programming access through Open Database Connectivity and Visual Basic for Applications allows for an understanding of the file format. While ACCDB files may be opened in current versions of the program, they should be transformed to SIARD or CSV because they are proprietary. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00835" ; rdfs:label "NF00835" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-msaccess" ; wikidata:p1195 "accdb" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000463.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Access" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fmsinc.com/MicrosoftAccess/history/features.htm" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Access (.accdb) unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Depends on version, see specific version plan" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """DBPTK Database Preservation Toolkit """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Access" ; "A number of Access files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00835 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00836 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "ESRI File Geodatabase (FileGDB) is a collection of files/system tables that are the storage model for ArcGIS products. The data may include spatial and non-spatial data formats. ESRI released ArcGIS in 1999 which used the File Geodatabase format for the first time and future ArcGIS products continued its use. ESRI File Geodatabase is a proprietary format and does not have an official open specification (though there is a reverse-engineered specification available). ESRI currently makes available an API that can be used by other tools to transform and use GeoDB files. Geodatabase files should be transformed into GeoPackage files for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00836" ; rdfs:label "NF00836" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-filegdb" ; wikidata:p1195 "gdb" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/990" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000294.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/database/gdb/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ArcGIS" ; wikidata:p973 "https://github.com/rouault/dump_gdbtable/wiki/FGDB-Spec" ; wikidata:p973 "https://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-app/latest/help/data/geodatabases/manage-file-gdb/file-geodatabases.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50376365" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "ESRI File Geodatabase" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to GeoPackage" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME; Global Mapper """ ; . naraid:NF00837 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "NetCDF-4 is a final-state archiving format for array-oriented scientific data with steady adoption in the atmospheric and earth sciences fields. It is a binary format that requires netCDF or HDF5 software libraries to access or manipulate the data." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00837" ; rdfs:label "NF00837" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/netcdf" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-netcdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "h5" ; wikidata:p1195 "nc" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000332.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/145724" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.unidata.ucar.edu/netcdf-c/current/file_format_specifications.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NetCDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361922" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:formatName "Network Common Data Form, Version 4 (NetCDF-4)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FME """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/NetCDF" ; . naraid:NF00838 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "WordPerfect is a proprietary word processing application currently owned by Corel Corporation. Versions after 6.0 (6.1 and later) are well-documented but not currently supported. Conversion via open source or commercial applications to alternative formats is possible, but challenging, special attention must be paid to fonts and encryption. Conversions are likely to be imperfect. Support for conversion from WPD is provided by an actively maintained (Openhub, 2014) open source library: libwpd (libwpd, 2014). Corel supports a number of WordPerfect viewers (including for mobile devices) as well as the latest WordPerfect application itself." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00838" ; rdfs:label "NF00838" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.wordperfect" ; wikidata:p1195 "wp" ; wikidata:p1195 "wpd" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats//fdd/fdd000621.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; wikidata:p973 "https://harvardwiki.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/digitalpreservation/pages/48136692/Word+Processing+Formats" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "WordPerfect for DOS unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODT" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; "A number of WordPerfect for DOS files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00838 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00839 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "A style sheet that includes definitions of a color theme, font theme, and effect theme. Starting with Office 2007, users can use .thmx files to create and apply themes across Office applications. Theme files are based on the Office OpenXML specification, and other formats in the OpenXML family are considered acceptable formats per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00839" ; rdfs:label "NF00839" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-officetheme" ; wikidata:p1195 "thmx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/524" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/thmx" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_standards/ms-oi29500/1fd4a662-8623-49c0-82f0-18fa91b413b8" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58959314" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Office Theme (Windows 2007-onwards)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Microsoft Office """ ; . naraid:NF00840 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Macromedia FreeHand 8 was vector graphics editing software. Altsys Corporation created FreeHand in 1988 and sold it to Macromedia in 1994. Macromedia released FreeHand 8 in 1998, introducing the ability to export graphics directly to Macromedia Flash. The FH8 file format is proprietary and was never publicly documented. Due to the proprietary nature of this format and lack of open specification, transformation to the OpenDocument Graphics (ODG) format is recommended." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00840" ; rdfs:label "NF00840" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-freehand" ; wikidata:p1195 "fh8" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/545" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_FreeHand" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.adobe.com/mena_en/products/freehand/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45315902" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Macromedia FreeHand 8" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/FreeHand" ; . naraid:NF00841 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The file format is proprietary with limited open or available documentation, so migration is recommended, but at the time of this plan, no format options are available that retain fidelity. The tools to be used to migrate this category of formats is still under review." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00841" ; rdfs:label "NF00841" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-mgx-designer" ; wikidata:p1195 "drw" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corel_Designer" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Micrografx Designer/Draw unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Depends on version, see specific version plan" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Further research is required """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Micrografx_Draw" ; "A number of DRW files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF008421 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00842 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Project is project management software designed to assist a project manager in developing a schedule, assigning resources to tasks, tracking progress, managing the budget, and analyzing workloads." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00842" ; rdfs:label "NF00842" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-project" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpp" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Project" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Project unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Depends on version, see specific version plan" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Project """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_Project" ; "A number of Microsoft Project files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00842 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00843 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "It was the native file format for PC Paintbrush and became one of the first widely accepted DOS imaging standards, although it has since been succeeded by more sophisticated image formats, such as BMP, JPEG, and PNG. There was support for PCX in early versions of Microsoft Paint/Paintbrush as well. Retain as long as there are programs that can open the file. It is unclear what data could be lost through conversion to another format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00843" ; rdfs:label "NF00843" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/vnd.zbrush.pcx" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-pcx" ; wikidata:p1195 "pcc" ; wikidata:p1195 "pcx" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000585.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.fileformat.info/format/pcx/spec/a10e75307b3a4cc49c3bbe6db4c41fa2/view.htm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/pcx/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCX" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "PiCture eXchange (PCX) unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Depends on version, see specific version plan" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; IrfanView; GNU Image Manipulation Program """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PCX" ; "A number of PCX files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00843 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00844 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Scalable Vector Graphics format family (SVG) consists of versions of an XML-based language for two-dimensional vector and vector/raster graphics. The first version, SVG 1.0, was recommended by the WC3 in September 2001. The format was updated to SVG 1.1 in January 2003, and a mobile-friendly version known as SVG Tiny 1.2 was recommended in December 2008. Because the XML is easily rendered and human-readable, it is recommended to retain as-is. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00844" ; rdfs:label "NF00844" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/svg+xml" ; wikidata:p1195 "svg" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000515.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalable_Vector_Graphics" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "Scalable Vector Graphics unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Adobe Illustrator; IrfanView; Global Mapper """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Scalable_Vector_Graphics" ; "A number of SVG files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00844 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00845 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "SEG-Y is a file format used for storing geophysical data. SEG-Y rev 0 stored the geophysical (seismic) data on 9-track tape. The format consists of a 3200-byte EBCDIC reel header, a 400-byte binary reel header, and trace records consisting of a 240-byte binary trace header and trace data. SEG-Y was initially released in 1975 by the Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG). Although SEG-Y is an open standard, several companies made their own proprietary modifications to the format, especially prior to the first revision in 2002, so there may be many examples of SEG-Y files that cannot be validated against the standard. It is recommended to retain SEG-Y files as-is. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00845" ; rdfs:label "NF00845" ; wikidata:p1195 "segy" ; wikidata:p1195 "sgy" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SEG-Y" ; wikidata:p973 "https://library.seg.org/pb-assets/technical-standards/seg_y_rev0-1686080980707.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/odi?topic=data-seismic-conversion" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3943569" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "SEG-Y rev 0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:segy" ; . naraid:NF00846 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) is a character encoding for the representation of text as bits, using numerical values to represent characters. ASCII 7-bit can represent 128 characters, and ASCII 8-bit, or extended ASCII, can represent 256 characters. Originally developed for teletypes, ASCII is a well-established standard: the 7-bit standard was issued in 1963, and the ASCII 8-bit extension was issued in 1981 and continues to be maintained. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family. The ASCII standard has open specifications and is widely supported, therefore it is recommended that ASCII files be retained as-is. ASCII 7-bit is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00846" ; rdfs:label "NF00846" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "asc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/ascii/" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/ASCII" ; "A number of ASCII files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00846 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00847 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Portable Executable (PE) format is a compiled file format for executables, object code, DLLs and others used in Windows operating systems. The PE format is a data structure that encapsulates the information necessary for the Windows OS loader to manage the wrapped executable code. This includes dynamic library references for linking, API export and import tables, resource management data and thread-local storage data. Software should be transferred in its native/original format, but should be provided as both raw source code and a compiled runtime version, if it exists. It should also be accompanied by release notes, readme files, and user/administrative documentation, if they exist. Any format migration for compiled or binary code creates a guaranteed outcome that the code will no longer function, as will extracting files from binary container archives files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00847" ; rdfs:label "NF00847" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/octet-stream" ; wikidata:p1195 "apl" ; wikidata:p1195 "efi" ; wikidata:p1195 "ocx" ; wikidata:p1195 "pe" ; wikidata:p1195 "sys" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Executable" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/portable_executable_format/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/debug/pe-format" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Portable Executable unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PE" ; "A number of PE files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00847 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00848 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "WPG is an image file format associated with the proprietary WordPerfect word processing application and DrawPerfect, an obsolete MS-DOS drawing application. It is primarily a vector format, but it can store both bitmap and vector data. A WPG file created using WordPerfect 5.0 can store either bitmap or vector image data, but not both at once. WPG files created using WordPerfect 5.1 and later can store both bitmap and vector image data in the same file." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00848" ; rdfs:label "NF00848" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-wpg" ; wikidata:p1195 "wpg" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPerfect" ; wikidata:p973 "https://fileinfo.com/extension/wpg" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.fileformat.info/format/wpg/egff.htm" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "WordPerfect Graphics unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Draw """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WordPerfect_Graphics" ; "A number of WordPerfect Graphics files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00848 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00849 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Python Compiled Bytecode (PYC) files contain compiled code written in the Python programming language. PYC files are created when a Python plain text PY script is run for the first time: the interpreter compiles the source code into bytecode to be executed by the Python virtual machine (PVM). A variant PYO file could be created in the 2.x versions when the Python interpreter was run with optimization flags. Python 0.9.1 was released in 1991 followed by 1.0 in 1994 and version 2.0 in 2000. Python 3.0, a major, backwards-incompatible release, was released in 2008, although many of its major features were backported to versions 2.6 in 2008 and 2.7 in 2009. Because of difficulties involving backwards compatibility and transitioning from Python 2.x to 3.x, Python 2.6 and 2.7 continued to receive updates concurrent with development on Python 3.x. Python 2.7 was the last major version of 2.x, and received updates and bug fixes until 2020, when 2.x reached end-of-life. Python has been widely adopted, is not proprietary, and has a published open format specification. Because files containing compiled source code should not be reformatted to avoid affecting the functionality, Python Compiled Bytecode files should be retained in their current format. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00849" ; rdfs:label "NF00849" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-bytecode.python" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-python-code" ; wikidata:p1195 "pyc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://devguide.python.org/compiler/?highlight=pyc" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Python Compiled Bytecode unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Python" ; "A number of Python Compiled Bytecode files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00849 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00850 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "XSL (also called XSLT) is used to control and look and feel/rendering of HTML or xHTML. It is a plain text format, easily machine and human readable, and a stable and well-documented open format. In addition, XSL and web archives in general should never be migrated, as that would change the fundamental linkages and functionality of web objects. Web archives in general should never be migrated, as that would change the fundamental linkages and functionality of web objects. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode does not require format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00850" ; rdfs:label "NF00850" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/xsl" ; wikidata:p1195 "xsl" ; wikidata:p1195 "xslt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XSL" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "eXtensible Style Language unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XSL" ; "A number of XSL files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00850 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00851 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PDF/X is a subtype of PDF, created for the exchange of preprint graphics data. The specification places greater restrictions than baseline PDF, and there are various conformance levels within the PDF/X standard. PDF/A is a more sustainable, identified preservation format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00851" ; rdfs:label "NF00851" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/pdf" ; wikidata:p1195 "pdf" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000124.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/X" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/pdf/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://wiki.dpconline.org/images/f/ff/PDF_Assessment_v1.5.pdf" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Portable Document Format/Exchange (PDF/X) unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF/A" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Acrobat Pro """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PDF" ; "A number of PDF/X files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00851 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00852 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PostScript (PS) is a type of vector graphic file that was created in Adobe's PostScript, a programming and page description language, to convey instructions to printers in order to support the printing of text and images. Format specifications for several versions of the PostScript language were released in the 1980s and 1990s, when PostScript was widely used in publishing and printing. Its ubiquity has decreased over the years. The PostScript programming language has a published open specification, however, is proprietary to Adobe. Therefore, NARA recommends transformation to PDF. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00852" ; rdfs:label "NF00852" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/postscript" ; wikidata:p1195 "ps" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000029.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PostScript" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "PostScript unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. Possible tool is Ghostscript """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Postscript" ; "A number of PostScript files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00852 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00853 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Macro-enabled PowerPoint presentation; same as pptx, but may contain macros and scripts. This file type is under the OOXML international open standard. Macro-enabled presentations are most often created to support creation of other presentations; may be stand alone, may be applicable to numerous related files." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00853" ; rdfs:label "NF00853" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.presentation.macroEnabled.12" ; wikidata:p1195 "pptm" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/487" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/presentation/pptm/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_PowerPoint" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/office_standards/ms-offmacro2/802a7c98-c802-41c6-8a13-987457098d8f" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49989184" ; nara:category naraid:Presentation ; nara:formatName "Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation OpenXML (Windows 2007-onwards) Macro-Enabled" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """ """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Microsoft_PowerPoint" ; . naraid:NF00854 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "SEG-Y is a file format used for storing geophysical data. SEG-Y rev 1.0 is a revision of the SEG-Y rev 0 standard that made the format not dependent on tape as the carrier and allowed for enhanced metadata in the textual file header. The format still consists of a 3200-byte EBCDIC reel header, a 400-byte binary reel header, and trace records consisting of a 240-byte binary trace header and trace data. SEG-Y was initially released in 1975 by the Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG) and revision 1.0 was released in 2002. Since SEG-Y is an industry standard for seismic data, it is recommended to retain SEG-Y files as-is. SEG-Y rev 1.0 is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00854" ; rdfs:label "NF00854" ; wikidata:p1195 "segy" ; wikidata:p1195 "sgy" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/363" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SEG-Y" ; wikidata:p973 "https://library.seg.org/pb-assets/technical-standards/seg_y_rev1-1686080991247.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3943569" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "SEG-Y rev 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FME """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:segy" ; . naraid:NF00855 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet tool and format developed by Microsoft for use across multiple environments. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications. Version 5.0, released in 1993, introduced Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) and macros, which were targeted for viruses, a vulnerability that was later patched with the ability to control which macros would execute. Hidden Easter Eggs such as the \"Hall of Tortured Souls\" are also included from version 5.0 to version 9. Excel is part of the Microsoft Office suite. Some versions are no longer supported by current software. Transforming allows for maintaining the files in a more sustainable format." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00855" ; rdfs:label "NF00855" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-excel" ; wikidata:p1195 "xls" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/59" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.openoffice.org/sc/excelfileformat.pdf" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Excel 5.0/95 Workbook" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to ODS" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """LibreOffice Calc """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/XLS" ; . naraid:NF00856 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "EMLX is the proprietary version of the more common EML format. The format was introduced by Apple in MacOS X Tiger (10.4) in 2005. The addition of xml \"plist\" properties at the end of each email message helped the MacOS Spotlight search feature index each message and assisted with sorting and flagging. There is little documentation about the format but files can be opened in a text editor. NARA recommends retention of files as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00856" ; rdfs:label "NF00856" ; wikidata:p1163 "message/rfc822" ; wikidata:p1195 "emlx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/2055" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000615.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/email/emlx/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://harvardwiki.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/LibraryStaffDoc/pages/43317459/About+Mac+Mail" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119582504" ; nara:category naraid:Email ; nara:formatName "Apple Mail Email File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Apple_Mail" ; . naraid:NF00857 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "FileMaker Pro 3 (.fp3) is a relational database format. Originally released as Nutshell by Nashoba Systems in 1980, the program's name was changed to FileMaker in 1985. Claris, an Apple subsidiary, purchased Nashoba in 1988 and renamed the software to FileMaker II, then FileMaker Pro in 1990. FileMaker Pro 3 was released in 1995 and introduced TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol) networking. FileMaker Pro 3 is a proprietary file format and should be transformed into a CSV file for sustainability." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00857" ; rdfs:label "NF00857" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-filemaker" ; wikidata:p1195 "fm" ; wikidata:p1195 "fmp" ; wikidata:p1195 "fp" ; wikidata:p1195 "fp3" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/318" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FileMaker" ; wikidata:p973 "https://support.claris.com/s/article/FileMaker-conversion-path-for-all-versions-1503693004200?language=en_US" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27996235" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "FileMaker Pro 3" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Files can be converted to Filemaker Pro 7 using available trial versions of older software, then exported as CSV." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/FileMaker_Pro" ; . naraid:NF00858 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "FileMaker Pro 5 (.fp5) is a relational database format. Originally released as Nutshell by Nashoba Systems in 1980, the program's name was changed to FileMaker in 1985. Claris, an Apple subsidiary, purchased Nashoba in 1988 and renamed the software to FileMaker II, then FileMaker Pro in 1990. FileMaker Pro 5 was released in 1999. FileMaker Pro 5 is a proprietary file format and should be transformed into a CSV file for sustainability." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00858" ; rdfs:label "NF00858" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-filemaker" ; wikidata:p1195 "fm" ; wikidata:p1195 "fmp" ; wikidata:p1195 "fp" ; wikidata:p1195 "fp5" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/319" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/database/fp5/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FileMaker" ; wikidata:p973 "https://support.claris.com/s/article/FileMaker-conversion-path-for-all-versions-1503693004200?language=en_US" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27996230" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "FileMaker Pro 5" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to CSV" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools "Procure and/or develop tools. Files can be converted to Filemaker Pro 7 using available trial versions of older software, then exported as CSV." ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/FileMaker_Pro" ; . naraid:NF00859 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) family is extensive. MPEG-1 is the initial version and is a lossy compression format for audio and video. MPEG-1 Elementary Stream is a file that contains a single audio or video stream and is used during video editing. MPEG-1 was released in 1993, with subsequent versions being released over the next several years; the MPEG family now has over 15 versions. MPEG is an open standard, is still supported by the Moving Picture Experts Group, is widely used in the community, and has open source tools available for transcoding. It is recommended to retain MPEG-1 Elementary Stream files as-is since the files can easily be opened and are prevalent in the field." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00859" ; rdfs:label "NF00859" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/mpg" ; wikidata:p1195 "m1v" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpg" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/649" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000035.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG_elementary_stream" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iso.org/standard/22412.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336284" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "MPEG-1 Elementary Stream" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MPEG_Elementary_Stream" ; . naraid:NF00860 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "WebP Lossy (WebP) is an open raster graphic file format with lossy compression that was developed by Google and first released in 2010. The container for WebP is based on Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF), with VP8 encoding for lossy WebP files, while lossless WebP files use VP8L encoding. According to Google, WebP Lossy files are 25-34% smaller than JPEG files of comparable image quality, and should load faster on the web because of the smaller size. WebP was formally published in 2024 by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) as RFC 9649. Because this file format has an open specification and is widely supported, these files may be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00860" ; rdfs:label "NF00860" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/webp" ; wikidata:p1195 "webp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/566" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000577.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://developers.google.com/speed/webp/docs/compression" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/webp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebP" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9649" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45989100" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "WebP Lossy" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """ImageMagick; IrfanView; Adobe Photoshop; Any supported web browser """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Webp" ; . naraid:NF00861 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PICT is a graphics file format introduced on the original Apple Macintosh computer as its standard metafile format. It allows the interchange of graphics (both bitmapped and vector) between Mac applications, offers some limited text support, and was widely used. PICT was the native graphics format of QuickDraw, which was discontinued with Mac OS X. PICT 2.0 supported up to 32-bit color and the embedding of compressed PixMap types. Because this format is poorly documented and not actively supported, NARA recommends transformation to PNG or JPEG." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00861" ; rdfs:label "NF00861" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-pict" ; wikidata:p1195 "pct" ; wikidata:p1195 "pic" ; wikidata:p1195 "pict" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/341" ; wikidata:p973 "https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/mac/QuickDraw/QuickDraw-197.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/pct/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PICT" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.prepressure.com/library/file-formats/pict" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126179164" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Macintosh PICT 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PNG or JPEG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; ImageMagick; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PICT" ; . naraid:NF00862 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "AV1 Image File Format (AVIF), version 1.1, is an image and animation format. AVIF was developed by the Alliance for Open Media (AOMedia) and version 1.0 was released in 2019 and version 1.1 in 2022. AVIF stores AOMedia Video 1 (AV1) compressed images or image sequences in a High Efficiency Image File Format (HEIF) container. AVIF is an open format that is still maintained. It is recommended to retain AVIF files as-is. AVIF is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00862" ; rdfs:label "NF00862" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/avif" ; wikidata:p1195 "avif" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/2062" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000540.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://aomediacodec.github.io/av1-avif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/avif/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AVIF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59913607" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "AV1 Image File Format 1.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/AVIF" ; . naraid:NF00863 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "SEG-Y is a file format used for storing geophysical data. SEG-Y rev 2.0 is a revision of the SEG-Y rev 1.0 standard and allows for additional byte trace headers, improved I/O performance, and allowed XML-based headers and trailers. The format still consists of a 3200-byte EBCDIC reel header, a 400-byte binary reel header, and trace records consisting of a 240-byte binary trace header and trace data. SEG-Y was initially released in 1975 by the Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG) and revision 2.0 was released in 2017. Since SEG-Y is an industry standard for seismic data, it is recommended to retain SEG-Y files as-is. SEG-Y rev 2.0 is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00863" ; rdfs:label "NF00863" ; wikidata:p1195 "segy" ; wikidata:p1195 "sgy" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SEG-Y" ; wikidata:p973 "https://library.seg.org/pb-assets/technical-standards/seg_y_rev2_0-mar2017-1686080998003.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3943569" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "SEG-Y rev 2.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FME """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:segy" ; . naraid:NF00864 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "SEG-Y is a file format used for storing geophysical data. SEG-Y rev 2.1 is a revision of the SEG-Y rev 2.0 standard that allowed for minor new features, such as a new stanza for XML-formatted Trace Header Layout. The format still consists of a 3200-byte EBCDIC reel header, a 400-byte binary reel header, and trace records consisting of a 240-byte binary trace header and trace data. SEG-Y was initially released in 1975 by the Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG) and revision 2.1 was released in 2023. Since SEG-Y is an industry standard for seismic data, it is recommended to retain SEG-Y files as-is. SEG-Y rev 2.1 is considered a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00864" ; rdfs:label "NF00864" ; wikidata:p1195 "segy" ; wikidata:p1195 "sgy" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SEG-Y" ; wikidata:p973 "https://library.seg.org/pb-assets/technical-standards/seg_y_rev2_1-oct2023.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3943569" ; nara:category naraid:Geospatial ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "SEG-Y rev 2.1" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FME """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Ext:segy" ; . naraid:NF00865 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe After Effects project file Binary Variant (AEP) is created by the Adobe After Effects software. Adobe After Effects is a digital visual effects, motion graphics and compositing application released in 1993 by Adobe. AEP is the project file in binary form that's a small file size. The AEP files have various layers, animations, modification effects, and graphics elements and linked images, created with and used by the application. AEP is normally the primary file for After Effects. AEP is a proprietary format, but the content of the project file can be exported to another format in After Effects. Since it's a project file, it is most likely intended to be exported into another file for use; therefore, files should be retained and be ready to be exported into another file after further research. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00865" ; rdfs:label "NF00865" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/aep" ; wikidata:p1195 "aep" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/796" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/video/aep/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_After_Effects" ; wikidata:p973 "https://helpx.adobe.com/after-effects/using/projects.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28919071" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "Adobe After Effects project (Binary Variant)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain and transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe After Effects """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/After_Effects" ; . naraid:NF00866 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Adobe After Effects project file XML Variant (AEPX) is created by the Adobe After Effects software. Adobe After Effects is a digital visual effects, motion graphics and compositing application released in 1993 by Adobe. AEPX is XML based and stores data in text format and in a larger file size. The AEPX files have various layers, animations, modification effects, and graphics elements and linked images, created with and used by the application. AEPX is normally an intermediate file for After Effects and can be used for automation within non-Adobe applications. AEPX is a proprietary format, but the content of the project file can be exported to another format in After Effects. Since it's a project file, it is most likely intended to be exported into another file for use; therefore, files should be retained and be ready to be exported into another file after further research. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00866" ; rdfs:label "NF00866" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/aepx" ; wikidata:p1195 "aepx" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/video/aep/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_After_Effects" ; wikidata:p973 "https://helpx.adobe.com/after-effects/using/projects.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28919072" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "Adobe After Effects project (XML Variant)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain and transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe After Effects """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/After_Effects" ; . naraid:NF00867 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "QuickTime Video with Apple ProRes 4444 are video files that use Apple ProRes 4444 encoding with a QuickTime (MOV) wrapper. Apple ProRes 4444 is a proprietary low data rate with full-resolution video codec format with 4:4:4:4 RGBA color, making it a quality standard for video composites and lossless alpha channel up to 16 bits. Apple ProRes is well documented and ProRes video files can only be created within software that has an Apple license. MOV is a commonly used wrapper/container for ProRes 4444 and MOV is considered an acceptable format per NARA Transfer Guidance. The QuickTime file format is well documented, ubiquitous, and there are open source tools available for transcoding. Therefore, it is recommended to retain as-is. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00867" ; rdfs:label "NF00867" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/quicktime" ; wikidata:p1195 "mov" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000529.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://developer.apple.com/documentation/avfoundation/avvideocodectype/prores4444" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_ProRes" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.apple.com/final-cut-pro/docs/Apple_ProRes.pdf" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136889" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "QuickTime Video with Apple ProRes 4444 Codec" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg """ ; . naraid:NF00868 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "MPEG Videos are lossy video compression standards and are part of the extensive Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) family. MPEG video has open standards, still supported by MPEG, and many versions are widely used in the community. \"Unspecified\" means that we have not yet identified which version of the format has been found; these files should be treated as if they possess the risks and limitations inherent in any file in the format family. It is preferred to retain MPEG video files as-is since the MPEG videos are prevalent in the field, and there are open source tools available for transcoding." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00868" ; rdfs:label "NF00868" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/mpeg" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/mpg" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpeg" ; wikidata:p1195 "mpg" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moving_Picture_Experts_Group" ; wikidata:p973 "https://mpeg.chiariglione.org/standards.html" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "MPEG Video unspecified version" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Identify ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain or transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/MPEG" ; "A number of MPEG files in NARA's holdings have only been identified by their extensions. NF00868 is currently a catch-all for these." ; . naraid:NF00869 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "LightWave Layered Object (LWLO) is a file format used by the software LightWave 3D to store a layered 3D object, which might be referenced in a LightWave Scene file. LightWave 3D is proprietary software and does not currently publish open specifications, though the 1995 version of the LWLO specification is available through other sources. LightWave originated with the company NewTek in 1990, was bought in 2019 by Vizrt and then bought again by LightWave Digital in 2023. Newer versions of LightWave 3D should have backward compatibility with files created by older versions of the software. LWLO is an IFF-based file format with an LWLO form type. It is differentiated from the LWOB file format by its ability to contain any number of PNTS (points), POLS (polygons), and CRVS (curves) chunks, with each one describing the contents of a single layer. These layers are described in a separate LAYR (layer) chunk. Without further testing, LightWave files should be retained as is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00869" ; rdfs:label "NF00869" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-lwo" ; wikidata:p1195 "lwo" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.lightwave3d.com/lw2024/lightwave-2024.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LightWave_3D" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.martinreddy.net/gfx/3d/LWLO.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28975824" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "LightWave Layered Object (LWLO)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Assess ; nara:preservationPlan "Further research is required" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Blender """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/LightWave_Object" ; . naraid:NF00870 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "LightWave Object (LWOB) is a file format used by the software LightWave 3D to store a 3D object, which might be referenced in a LightWave Scene file. LightWave 3D is proprietary software and does not currently publish open specifications, though the 1994 version of the LWOB specification is available through other sources. LightWave originated with the company NewTek in 1990, was bought in 2019 by Vizrt and then bought again by LightWave Digital in 2023. Newer versions of LightWave 3D should have backward compatibility with files created by older versions of the software. LWOB is an IFF-based file format with an LWOB form type. LWOB must contain a PNTS (points) chunk, a SRFS (surfaces) chunk, and a POLS (polygons) chunk. Without further testing, LightWave files should be retained as is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00870" ; rdfs:label "NF00870" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-lwo" ; wikidata:p1195 "lwo" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1205" ; wikidata:p973 "https://documentation.help/LightWave/lwo2.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LightWave_3D" ; wikidata:p973 "https://paulbourke.net/dataformats/lightwave/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28770329" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "LightWave Object (LWOB)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Assess ; nara:preservationPlan "Further research is required" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Blender """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/LightWave_Object" ; . naraid:NF00871 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Commonly referred to as just OpenFlight, and originally known as Flight. OpenFlight is a 3D geometry model file format for use by real-time 3D visual simulation image generators. It is non-proprietary, maintained by Presagis, and is used as the standard interchange format for real-time 3D graphics between different image generator systems. The specification has also been released as an Open Geospatial Consortium community standard." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00871" ; rdfs:label "NF00871" ; wikidata:p1163 "model/flt" ; wikidata:p1195 "flt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenFlight" ; wikidata:p973 "https://portal.presagis.com/support/solutions/articles/19000132669-openflight-16-8" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.ogc.org/publications/standard/openflight-scene/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17149623" ; nara:category naraid:DesignVector ; nara:formatName "OpenFlight Scene Description Database" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """FME """ ; . naraid:NF00872 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PICT is a graphics file format introduced on the original Apple Macintosh computer as its standard metafile format. It allows the interchange of graphics (both bitmapped and vector) between Mac applications, offers some limited text support, and was widely used. PICT was the native graphics format of QuickDraw, which was discontinued with Mac OS X. PICT 1.0 only has capacity for eight colors. Because this format is poorly documented and not actively supported, NARA recommends transformation to PNG or JPEG." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00872" ; rdfs:label "NF00872" ; wikidata:p1163 "image/x-pict" ; wikidata:p1195 "pct" ; wikidata:p1195 "pict" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/80" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/image/pct/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PICT" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.inventus.org/posterous/file/2012/07/9614410-DOC01.PDF" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.prepressure.com/library/file-formats/pict" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2044200" ; nara:category naraid:StillImage ; nara:formatName "Macintosh PICT 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PNG or JPEG" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Adobe Photoshop; ImageMagick; IrfanView """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PICT" ; . naraid:NF00873 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Lotus Improv Spreadsheet Files (IMP) were created by a spreadsheet program developed for the NeXTSTEP and Windows 3.1 operating systems. IMP files are structured in three different segments: data, visual formatting, and formulas. Lotus Improv for NeXT was released in 1991 and as version 2.0 for Windows 3.1 in 1993: there was no version 1 for Windows and no further releases on either platform. Due to the unique file structure, IMP files are difficult to render or migrate to other spreadsheet formats. The file format is proprietary and there is no published specification. As a result, IMP files should be migrated to a more sustainable format as soon as a suitable option is identified." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00873" ; rdfs:label "NF00873" ; wikidata:p1195 "imp" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/spreadsheet/imp/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_Improv" ; wikidata:p973 "https://instadeq.com/blog/posts/no-code-history-lotus-improv-spreadsheets-done-right-1991/" ; nara:category naraid:Spreadsheets ; nara:formatName "Lotus Improv Spreadsheet" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to a TBD format" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:High ; nara:tools """Further research is required """ ; . naraid:NF00874 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "OpenWayback CDXJ 1.0 is a plain text file with JSON that accompanies ARC (Internet Archive file format) and WARC (Web ARCHive file format) files to allow for indexing the contents of a web archive file. The CDX (Internet Archive Index) file format was developed by the Internet Archive, first released in 2006, and upgraded in 2015. In 2017, CDXJ was released as an extension of CDX to include a JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) block. The JSON block allows for inclusion of additional data within the index files. The CDXJ format can be used with the pywb web archiving toolkit or OpenWayback version 3.0.0 or later. CDXJ has an open specification and has been proposed as an International Internet Preservation Consortium (IIPC) standard but not officially adopted. Since these are plain text and there are tools available to utilize the indices, it is recommended to retain CDXJ files as is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00874" ; rdfs:label "NF00874" ; wikidata:p1195 "cdxj" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1947" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000590.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://nlevitt.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/cdx-format/openwayback-cdxj/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://pywb.readthedocs.io/en/master/manual/indexing.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q125868433" ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "OpenWayback CDXJ 1.0" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """pywb or OpenWayback for the processing of the WARC contents """ ; . naraid:NF00875 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a document written in a markup language like HTML. The CSS specification was first published in 1996 by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). CSS has many versions; CSS 2.2 was published in draft form in 2016 and fixed minor errors in the previous version 2.1. CSS is an open-source file format that is widely used in the field. Uncompiled code that is plain text ASCII or Unicode should be retained as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00875" ; rdfs:label "NF00875" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/css" ; wikidata:p1195 "css" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/x-fmt/224" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000482.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/web/css/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.w3.org/TR/CSS22/" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Cascading Style Sheets 2.2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" ; . naraid:NF00876 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Property Lists (p-lists) are list files that contain configuration settings and serialized objects stored on Apple platforms. XML based property lists were introduced with Mac OS X 10.0 in 2001. XML property lists are proprietary with open specifications and can be opened with open source programs. Property list files should be retained as-is in order to prevent unintended damage to compiled programs." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00876" ; rdfs:label "NF00876" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-plist" ; wikidata:p1195 "plist" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/979" ; wikidata:p973 "https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/PropertyLists/AboutPropertyLists/AboutPropertyLists.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/General/Conceptual/DevPedia-CocoaCore/PropertyList.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Property_list" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/property_list_(plist)/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27979535" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "MacOS XML Property List" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Property_List/XML" ; . naraid:NF00877 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Property Lists (p-lists) are list files that contain configuration settings and serialized objects stored on Apple platforms. Binary based property lists were introduced in Mac OS X 10.4 in 2005 and can hold more than the XML list. Binary property lists are proprietary with open specifications and can be opened with open source programs. Property list files should be retained as-is in order to prevent unintended damage to compiled programs." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00877" ; rdfs:label "NF00877" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-plist" ; wikidata:p1195 "plist" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/984" ; wikidata:p973 "https://developer.apple.com/documentation/bundleresources/information-property-list" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Property_list" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/property_list_(plist)/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20160811234812/http://opensource.apple.com/source/CF/CF-550/CFBinaryPList.c" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27979531" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "MacOS Binary Property List" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Further research is required. Some viewing may be possible with a text editor. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Property_List/Binary" ; "https://medium.com/@karaiskc/understanding-apples-binary-property-list-format-281e6da00dbd" ; . naraid:NF00878 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "The SNaPshot report (SNP) is an exported file format from Microsoft Access that contains multiple pages of data presented as a single file. SNP files are Compound File Binary format (CFBF) containers for Enhanced Metafile (EMF) pages, compressed in a CAB archive file. SNP was released in 1996 but discontinued as an export option in Microsoft Access 2010 and later versions. The SNaPshot Report is a proprietary file format and Microsoft does not provide specifications. Since the format is proprietary and no longer supported, NARA recommends converting the files to PDF." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00878" ; rdfs:label "NF00878" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.ms-access, image/x-snp" ; wikidata:p1195 "snp" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1482" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNP_file_format" ; wikidata:p973 "https://github.com/digipres/digipres.github.io/blob/master/_sources/registries/trid/triddefs_xml/snp.trid.xml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7391883" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Access Report SNaPshot" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """DBPTK Database Preservation Toolkit """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SNP" ; . naraid:NF00879 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Waveform Audio File Format (WAVE or WAV) is an audio container that stores audio bitstreams. WAVE was released in 1991 by IBM and Microsoft and based on the Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF). WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE is an extended version of WAVEFORMATEX that allows for specification for multiple audio channel data. While WAVE is proprietary, it is fully documented with open source tools available for transcoding. Therefore, it is recommended to retain as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00879" ; rdfs:label "NF00879" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/vnd.wave" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/wav" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/wave" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-pn-wav" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/x-wav" ; wikidata:p1195 "wav" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/143" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000001.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/audio/wav/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" ; wikidata:p973 "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/mmreg/ns-mmreg-waveformatextensible" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63082675" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Waveform Audio File Format (WAVE) WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Audacity """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/WAVE" ; . naraid:NF00880 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PTF is a saved audio session format from the Pro Tools software within versions 7 to 9.9. Pro Tools is digital audio software developed by Avid Technology that was first released in 1989 for Windows and Mac. Pro Tools version 7 was released in 2005 and Version 10 was released in 2011. PTF was replaced by PTX with versions 10 and on. Project files can include settings, plugins and references to audio but does not contain direct audio data, so project files should be accompanied by audio files. Due to the proprietary nature and lack of open specification, PTF files should be transformed to WAV if possible. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00880" ; rdfs:label "NF00880" ; wikidata:p1195 "ptf" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1951" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000639.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro_Tools" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Avid Pro Tools Session versions 7-9.9" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to WAV if possible" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. Format transformation might require Pro Tools software with backwards compatibility. """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PTF" ; . naraid:NF00881 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "PTX is a saved audio session format from the Pro Tools software within versions 10 and on. Pro Tools is digital audio software developed by Avid Technology that was first released in 1989 for Windows and Mac. Version 10 was released in 2011 with PTX superseding PTF files from previous versions. Project files can include settings, plugins and references to audio but does not contain direct audio data so project files should be accompanied by audio files. Due to the proprietary nature and lack of open specification, PTX files should be transformed to WAV if possible. " ; dcterms:identifier "NF00881" ; rdfs:label "NF00881" ; wikidata:p1195 "ptx" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/1727" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000639.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro_Tools" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113534356" ; nara:category naraid:Audio ; nara:formatName "Avid Pro Tools Session versions 10 and above" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to WAV if possible" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Procure and/or develop tools. Format transformation might require Pro Tools software """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/PTX_(Pro_Tools)" ; . naraid:NF00882 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "3G2 (3G2, 3GPP2 or 3GP2) is a digital multimedia container format. 3G2 was created by the Third Generation Partnership Program in 2004 to be used for 3G CDMA2000 services. 3G2 uses video compression MPEG-4 Part 12 with codecs H.263 or H.264 and audio compressions Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) or Advanced Audio Coding- Low Complexity (AAC-LC). Compared to 3GP, 3G2 files consume less space and bandwidth. 3G2 files are primarily used for 3G mobile phones to send media files through Multimedia Messaging Services (MMS) but can also be played on some 2G and 4G phones. 3G2 has an open specification and open source tools available for transcoding. NARA recommends retaining 3G2 files as-is." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00882" ; rdfs:label "NF00882" ; wikidata:p1163 "audio/3gpp2" ; wikidata:p1163 "video/3gpp2" ; wikidata:p1195 "3g2" ; wikidata:p1195 "3gg2" ; wikidata:p1195 "3gp2" ; wikidata:p973 "http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Specs/index.cfm" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/video/3g2/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3GP_and_3G2" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27863098" ; nara:category naraid:Video ; nara:formatName "3G2" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FFmpeg; VLC; Windows Media Player """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/3G2" ; . naraid:NF00883 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Unicode Transformation Format - 8-bit (UTF-8) is a character encoding standard defined by the Unicode Standard. UTF-8 was developed as a collaborative effort by Unix System Laboratories, Ken Thompson and Rob Pike in 1992 as an improvement to UTF-1, which had difficulty expanding the ASCII character set. UTF-8 debuted in 1993 and was adopted as an internet standard, replacing Single Byte Character Sets such as Latin-1, in 1998. UTF-8 is nearly universally adopted, especially for web content, and the specifications for UTF-8 and Unicode are open. Therefore, it is recommended to retain UTF-8 files as-is. UTF-8 is a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00883" ; rdfs:label "NF00883" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "txt" ; wikidata:p1195 "utf" ; wikidata:p1195 "utf8" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/chr/1" ; wikidata:p973 "https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3629" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/text_file_%28txt%29/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193537" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Unicode Text (UTF-8)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Utf-8" ; . naraid:NF00884 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Unicode Transformation Format - 16-bit (UTF-16) is a character encoding standard defined by the Unicode Standard. The Unicode Consortium and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2 worked on a uniform encoding for a universal character set that would include required characters from most of the world's languages as well as technical symbols; the resulting encoding, called UCS-2, was expanded by IEEE in 1996 and was called UTF-16. UTF-16 is widely adopted, especially in operating systems and scripting languages, and the specifications for UTF-16 and Unicode are open. Therefore, it is recommended to retain UTF-16 files as-is. UTF-16 is a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00884" ; rdfs:label "NF00884" ; wikidata:p1163 "text/plain" ; wikidata:p1195 "txt" ; wikidata:p1195 "utf" ; wikidata:p1195 "utf16" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-16" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/text_file_%28txt%29/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2781.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740701" ; nara:category naraid:Textual ; nara:formatName "Unicode Text (UTF-16)" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """Any supported text editor """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/UTF-16" ; . naraid:NF00885 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Timestamp Reply (.tsr) files are binary files that are a component of digital signature verification processes that are run through TSAs (Time Stamp Authorities), where a timestamp reply is a response to a timestamp message, containing both the original timestamp and the response timestamp. TSR files were developed as early as 1989 through the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to address Internet Control Message Protocol issues in communication layers between users and Internet hosts. Timestamp Reply files differ from .tsq files in that they are only created in response to a timestamp query. TSR is an open file format and is generally adopted by technologies utilizing OpenSSL, and may be found in social media archiving packages such as those created using ArchiveSocial. Without further testing, Timestamp Reply files should be retained for future assessment." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00885" ; rdfs:label "NF00885" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/timestamp-reply" ; wikidata:p1195 "tsr" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Control_Message_Protocol#Timestamp_reply" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3161.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.rfc-editor.org/std/std3.txt" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4051497" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Timestamp Reply" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Assess ; nara:preservationPlan "Further research is required" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """OpenSSL; ArchiveSocial """ ; . naraid:NF00886 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "SQLite 3 is an embedded SQL database format. The format was first released in 2000 as version 1. Version 3 was released in 2004 and introduced cross platform support, required UTF-8 or UTF-16, and stored the column data types. The format and software required to create or view the format are open source and the format is well supported with frequent updates. SQLite supports cross-platform use and is frequently used by other software or operating systems to locally store and retrieve relational data without the necessity of a database server. A SQLite file's contained database CREATE statements are plain text and can be viewed with a text editor. However, the structured data and indexes are stored in binary b-tree pages. The database structure supports fields for binary large objects (BLOB) which should be assessed for preservation actions separately. The data in a GeoPackage file (a preferred format per NARA Transfer Guidance) is stored in a SQLite3 database. NARA recommends to retain SQLite 3 files as-is, but to assess any contained BLOBs for potential format migration." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00886" ; rdfs:label "NF00886" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/vnd.sqlite3" ; wikidata:p1195 "db" ; wikidata:p1195 "db3" ; wikidata:p1195 "sqlite" ; wikidata:p1195 "sqlite3" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/729" ; wikidata:p3266 "https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000461.shtml" ; wikidata:p973 "https://docs.fileformat.com/database/sqlite/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQLite" ; wikidata:p973 "https://forensics.wiki/sqlite_database_format/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://sqlite.org/fileformat2.html" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/vnd.sqlite3" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28600453" ; nara:category naraid:Databases ; nara:formatName "SQLite 3 Database" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain but assess contained data including whether or not the database contains binary large objects (BLOB) which may need to be extracted and transformed." ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Low ; nara:tools """FME; Python """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/SQLite" ; . naraid:NF00887 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "ChemStation Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrum (GC/MS) Version 2 Data File stores raw GC/MS data collected from Agilent ChemStation instruments. The format stores the data in a proprietary, binary format developed by Agilent Technologies. The files are organized in a folder structure with the suffix \".D\" and often paired with .sav files to store the instrument tuning information and .res to store analysis results. The format can be converted to Network Common Data Form (NetCDF) using ChemStation software. The format may be able to be converted to NetCDF using OpenChrom, NIST AMDIS, or the R programming language package chromConverter. The first few lines of the file may be in plain text and contain information about the analysis including the timestamp. Due to the proprietary nature proprietary of format, NARA recommends converting to NetCDF and retaining the original." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00887" ; rdfs:label "NF00887" ; wikidata:p1195 "ms" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_chromatography%E2%80%93mass_spectrometry" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.agilent.com/cs/library/usermanuals/public/G2070-91126_Understanding.pdf" ; nara:category naraid:StructuredData ; nara:formatName "ChemStation Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrum (GC/MS) Version 2 Data File" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to NetCDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Agilent ChemStation; OpenChrom; NIST AMDIS; R """ ; . naraid:NF00888 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Apple Safari Web Archive (Webarchive) contains a saved web page and embedded files created by Apple's Safari web browser. The Web Archive format was first introduced in 2005 with the release of Safari 2 and deprecated in macOS 10.14 in 2018. The format is proprietary and was limited to creation by Safari, with seemingly limited adoption. The format stores the web page HTML and any embedded attachments in a binary plist. The format can be exported to PDF using Safari. Because the format is no longer supported and is proprietary, NARA recommends transforming files in this format for preservation." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00888" ; rdfs:label "NF00888" ; wikidata:p1163 "application/x-webarchive" ; wikidata:p1195 "webarchive" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/866" ; wikidata:p973 "https://developer.apple.com/documentation/webkit/webarchive" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Archive_(file_format)" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7978630" ; nara:category naraid:Web ; nara:formatName "Apple Safari Web Archive" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Transform ; nara:preservationPlan "Transform to PDF" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Safari """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Webarchive_(Safari)" ; . naraid:NF00889 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Office Binder Document for Windows 95 (OBD) is a container format for packaging OLE2 file types, such as Microsoft Word documents or Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. The container was first introduced with Microsoft Office 95, and followed with a version for Office 97 and 2000 that included a \"HdrFtr\" file within the container. The primary file extension is .obd, with the extension .obt used for template files, which appear to be the same underlying format. The Binder container is proprietary and stores the embedded files in a binary OLE2 container. Microsoft provided an UNBIND.EXE with Microsoft Office XP and Microsoft Office 2003 to extract the contents of OBD containers. An emulated operating system or legacy computer is required to use the executable to extract the contents. Therefore, NARA recommends retaining the file and extracting the contents if possible." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00889" ; rdfs:label "NF00889" ; wikidata:p1195 "obd" ; wikidata:p1195 "obt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/237" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Office_shared_tools#Binder" ; wikidata:p973 "https://preservation.tylerthorsted.com/2024/08/09/binder/" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28807516" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Office Binder Document for Windows 95" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain but extract files from the container" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Office XP; Microsoft Office 2003 """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/OBD" ; . naraid:NF00890 a nara:FileFormat ; dcterms:description "Microsoft Office Binder Document for Windows 97-2000 (OBD) is a container format for packaging OLE2 file types, such as Microsoft Word documents or Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. The container was first introduced with Microsoft Office 95, and followed with a version for Office 97 and 2000 that included a \"HdrFtr\" file within the container. The primary file extension is .obd, with the extension .obt used for template files, which appear to be the same underlying format. The Binder container is proprietary and stores the embedded files in a binary OLE2 container. Microsoft provided an UNBIND.EXE with Microsoft Office XP and Microsoft Office 2003 to extract the contents of OBD containers. An emulated operating system or legacy computer is required to use the executable to extract the contents. Therefore, NARA recommends retaining the file and extracting the contents if possible." ; dcterms:identifier "NF00890" ; rdfs:label "NF00890" ; wikidata:p1195 "obd" ; wikidata:p1195 "obt" ; wikidata:p2748 "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/240" ; wikidata:p973 "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Office_shared_tools#Binder" ; wikidata:p973 "https://web.archive.org/web/20041028105811/http://support.microsoft.com/?kbid=843147" ; wikidata:p973 "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28807546" ; nara:category naraid:Code ; nara:formatName "Microsoft Office Binder Document for Windows 97-2000" ; nara:preservationAction naraid:Retain ; nara:preservationPlan "Retain but extract files from the container" ; nara:riskLevel naraid:Moderate ; nara:tools """Microsoft Office XP; Microsoft Office 2003 """ ; "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/OBD" ; . a owl:Ontology ; .