Pictures of Native Americans
Original Caption: Eskimo Mother and Child in Furs, Nome, Alaska; Bust-length, with Child on Back. Local Identifier: 126-ARA-2-235, National Archives Identifier: 532339.
The pictures described in this list portray Native Americans, their homes, and activities. The images are from the records of 15 Government agencies within the holdings of the Still Picture Branch (RRSS) of the National Archives and Records Administration. Most are from the records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (Record Group 75), the Army Signal Corps (Record Group 111), the Smithsonian Institution (Record Group 106), and U.S. Geological Survey (Record Group 57)
All of the pictures described in the list are either photographs or copies of artworks. Any item not identified as an artwork is a photograph. Whenever available, the name of the photographer or artist and the date of the item have been given. This information is followed by the National Archives Identifier number (NAID). The selected photographs are in the public domain.
The pictures are grouped by subject, like children, dances, fishing, games/recreation, etc. English names of individuals have been used, with native or secondary designations in parentheses. Tribal names as specific as possible have been incorporated into the descriptions where known and where appropriate and an index by tribe follows the list.
Captions for and the terms used to describe the photographs in this list were created at or about the time each image was made. Consequently, some of the terms used at the time may now be considered to be outdated, inaccurate, derogatory, disrespectful, or culturally insensitive. NARA does not alter, edit, or modify original captions, as they are part of the historical record and reflect and document the standard language, attitudes, and biases at the time. To learn more about this topic researchers should contact the individual tribal archives, museums, or libraries. For a list, see the National Directory of Tribal Archives, Museums and Libraries.
Many photographs relating to Native Americans are not included in this list. Separate inquiries for additional images should be as specific as possible, including names, dates, places, and other details. To view more photographs, please visit the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Photographs Finding Aid.
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By Subject
Agency Buildings
1. Bird's-eye view of Nez Perce' Agency, Idaho. 1879. National Archives Identifier: 519140, Local Identifier: 75-IP-1-43
2. Sioux Indian police lined up on horseback in front of Pine Ridge Agency buildings, Dakota Territory, August 9, 1882. National Archives Identifier: 519143, Local Identifier: 75-IP-2-19
3. General view of buildings, Rocky Boy Agency, Mont. Chippewa Photographed by Walter D. Wilcox, 1936. National Archives Identifier: 519168, Local Identifier: 75-N-ROC-1
4. Office and sutler store, Round Valley Agency, Calif., 1876. National Archives Identifier: 519142, Local Identifier: 75-IP-2-7
Agriculture
Original Caption: Pumpkins Growing in Front of a Single-Family Zuni Adobe. Local Identifier: 106-IN-2384CH, National Archives Identifier: 523778.
5. Apaches delivering hay at Fort Apache, Ariz. Photographed by C. A. Merkey . National Archives Identifier: 531124, Local Identifier: 111-SC-104113
6. Navajo hogan and cornfield near Holbrook, Ariz. Photographed by F. A. Ames, 1889. National Archives Identifier: 523554, Local Identifier: 106-FAA-54
7. Navajo women shearing sheep. National Archives Identifier: 530946, Local Identifier: 111-SC-89583
8. Moapariat Paiute woman gathering seeds, southern Nevada. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1873. National Archives Identifier: 517731, Local Identifier: 57-PE-53
9. Pisehedwin, a Potawatomi, and others in front of his Kansas farm home, 1877. National Archives Identifier: 519145
Local Identifier: 75-IP-3-7
10. Pumpkins growing in front of a single-family Zuni adobe. Photographed by John K. Hillers, ca. 1879. National Archives Identifier: 523778, Local Identifier: 106-IN-2384CH
Basketwork
Original Caption: Hopi Woman Weaving a Basket. Local Identifier: 79-HPS-6-3275, National Archives Identifier: 520083.
11. Apache basketwork collection of Lt. L. P. Davidson, 11th Infantry, 1893. National Archives Identifier: 530874, Local Identifier: 111-SC-83484
12. Hopi woman weaving a basket. Photographed by Henry Peabody, ca. 1900. National Archives Identifier: 520083, Local Identifier: 79-HPS-6-3275
13. Papago basketmaker at work, Arizona. Photographed by H. T. Cory, 1916 . National Archives Identifier: 532042, Local Identifier: 115-L-2-32
Beadwork
14. One-Called-From-A-Distance (Midwewinind), a Chippewa from White Earth Reservation, Minnesota; half-length, seated, showing beadwork sash and vest, 1894 . National Archives Identifier: 523834, Local Identifier: 106-INE-1
15. Wolf Necklace (Harlish Washshomake), a Paloos chief; full-length, standing, wearing a bead necklace and a beaded purse, 1890 . National Archives Identifier: 523663, Local Identifier: 106-IN-108
16. String and belt wampum, ca. 1890. National Archives Identifier: 523577, Local Identifier: 106-IN-18A
Camps
20. Great Camp of the Piekanns near Fort McKenzie, Mont. Artwork by Karl Bodmer, 1833 . National Archives Identifier: 530976, Local Identifier: 111-SC-92844
21. Bird's eye view of Sioux camp at Pine Ridge, S. Dak. Photographed by G. E. Trager, November 28, 1890 . National Archives Identifier: 530802, Local Identifier: 111-SC-82381
22. A Wichita camp. Photographed by Henry Peabody, ca. 1904 . National Archives Identifier: 520080, Local Identifier: 79-HPS-6-3217
Children
Original Caption: Navajo papoose on a cradleboard with a lamb approaching, Window Rock, Arizona. Local Identifier: 75-N-NAV-76, National Archives Identifier: 519160.
23. Two Apache babies on cradleboards . National Archives Identifier: 530904, Local Identifier: 111-SC-87304
24. Apache boy with face and legs painted. Photographed by Ben Wittick . National Archives Identifier: 530899, Local Identifier: 111-SC-85755
25. Chiricahua Apache girl, granddaughter of Cochise; full-length, seated. Photographed by Ben Wittick, ca. 1886 . National Archives Identifier: 530900, Local Identifier: 111-SC-85759
26. Cherokee boy and girl in costume on reservation, North Carolina. Photographed by John K. Hillers, Jr., June 1939 . National Archives Identifier: 513344, Local Identifier: 30-N-39-2893B
27. Angelic La Moose, whose grandfather was a Flathead chief, wearing costume her mother made; full-length, standing, in front of a tent, Flathead Reservation, Mont. Photographed by H. T. Cory, September 1913 . National Archives Identifier: 519156, Local Identifier: 75-N-FLA-49
28. Lone Bear (Tar-lo), a Kiowa, dressed as an Osage boy with paint stripes on forehead; full-length, seated. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1868-74 . National Archives Identifier: 518905, Local Identifier: 75-BAE-1409B
29. Navajo papoose on a cradleboard with a lamb approaching, Window Rock, Arizona. Photographed by H. Armstrong Roberts, ca. 1936 . National Archives Identifier: 519160, Local Identifier: 75-N-NAV-76
Councils
30. Treaty signing by William T. Sherman and the Sioux at Fort Laramie, Wyoming. Photographed by Alexander Gardner, 1868 . National Archives Identifier: 531079, Local Identifier: 111-SC-95986
31. Council of Cheyenne and Arapaho at Seger Colony, Oklahoma, with an agent, 1900 . National Archives Identifier: 519188, Local Identifier: 75-SE-5
32. Delegates from 34 tribes in front of Creek Council House, Indian Territory (Oklahoma), ca. 1880 . National Archives Identifier: 519141, Local Identifier: 75-IP-1-49
33. Council of Sioux chiefs and leaders that settled the Indian wars, Pine Ridge, South Dakota. Photographed by John C. H. Grabill, 1891 . National Archives Identifier: 530889, Local Identifier: 111-SC-85684
Crafts
Original Caption: Jesse Cornplanter, descendant of Cornplanter, the famous Seneca chief, making a ceremonial mask, Tonawanda Community House, Tonawanda, New York. Local Identifier: 75-N-NEW-50, National Archives Identifier: 519161.
34. Jesse Cornplanter, descendant of Cornplanter, the famous Seneca chief, making a ceremonial mask, Tonawanda Community House, Tonawanda, N.Y. Photographed by Helen Post, 1940 . National Archives Identifier: 519161, Local Identifier: 75-N-NEW-50
35. Kidd Smith, Seneca carver, at work in the Tonawanda Community House. Photographed by Helen Post, 1940 . National Archives Identifier: 519162, Local Identifier: 75-N-NEW-52
36. Salvadora Valensuelo, a Mission woman, making lace, Pala Mission, Calif. Photographed by Walter D. Wilcox, 1936 . National Archives Identifier: 519157, Local Identifier: 75-N-MISS-60
37. Navajo silversmith with examples of his work and tools. Photographed by Ben Wittick, ca. 1880 . National Archives Identifier: 518913, Local Identifier: 75-BAE-2421B-6
Dances
38. Arapaho Ghost Dance. Artwork by Mary Irvin Wright, ca. 1900, based on photographs by James Mooney . National Archives Identifier: 530915, Local Identifier: 111-SC-87767
39. Eskimo dance orchestra, including drumheads made from whale stomachs, Point Barrow, Alaska. Photographed by Stanley Morgan, 1935 . National Archives Identifier: 531119, Local Identifier: 111-SC-103683
40. Hopi women's dance, Oraibi, Ariz. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1879 . National Archives Identifier: 542441, Local Identifier: 391-JKH-6
41. Buffalo dance of the Mandans. Artwork by Karl Bodmer, 1833-34 . National Archives Identifier: 530978, Local Identifier: 111-SC-92847
42. Medicine Man Charlie Turquoise (third from right) leads a group of Navajo dancers, Fort Wingate, N. Mex. U.S. Army Signal Corps photograph, 1941 . National Archives Identifier: 531134, Local Identifier: 111-SC-126917
43. Sioux sun dance. Artwork by Jules Tavernier and Paul Frenzeny, 1874 . National Archives Identifier: 530871, Local Identifier: 111-SC-83156
44. Big Foot's band of Miniconjou Sioux in costume at a dance, Cheyenne River, S. Dak. Photographed by John C. H. Grabill, August 9, 1890 . National Archives Identifier: 530888, Local Identifier: 111-SC-85682
45. Masked "Mud Heads" prepared to dance; spectators seated on the upper walls, Zuni Pueblo, N. Mex. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1879 . National Archives Identifier: 523802, Local Identifier: 106-IN-2384FB
Delegations in Washington, D.C.
46. Flathead delegation of six and an interpreter. Photographed by C. M. Bell, 1884 . National Archives Identifier: 523866, Local Identifier: 106-INE-31
47. Mandan and Arikara delegation. Six Indians with three escorts, 1874 . National Archives Identifier: 523669, Local Identifier: 106-IN-204
48. Oto delegation of five wearing claw necklaces and fur turbans. Photographed by John K. Hillers, January 1881 . National Archives Identifier: 523831, Local Identifier: 106-IN-3881B
49. Red Cloud delegation. Left to right: Red Dog, Little Wound, John Bridgeman (interpreter), Red Cloud, American Horse, and Red Shirt. Oglala Sioux, before 1876 . National Archives Identifier: 523664, Local Identifier: 106-IN-200
50. Large delegation with several agents or other officials on the White House grounds. Mathew Brady Collection photograph, before 1877 . National Archives Identifier: 528748, Local Identifier: 111-B-4628
Female Clothing
Original Caption: Apache bride. Local Identifier: 111-SC-85779, National Archives Identifier: 530903.
51. Apache bride . National Archives Identifier: 530903, Local Identifier: 111-SC-85779
52. Eskimo mother and child in furs, Nome, Alaska; bust-length, with child on back. Photographed by H. G. Kaiser, ca. 1915 . National Archives Identifier: 520078, Local Identifier: 126-ARA-2-235
53. Havasupai girl wearing beads and cape; half-length, seated. Photographed by Henry Peabody, ca. 1900 . National Archives Identifier: 520078, Local Identifier: 79-HPS-6-1680
54. Hopi woman dressing hair of unmarried girl. Photographed by Henry Peabody, ca. 1900 . National Archives Identifier: 520082, Local Identifier: 79-HPS-6-3274
55. Two Tlingit girls, Tsacotna and Natsanitna, wearing noserings, near Cooper River, Alaska. Miles Brothers photograph, 1903 . National Archives Identifier: 524404, Local Identifier: 111-AG-63
56. Two Wichita girls in summer dress. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1870 . National Archives Identifier: 520081, Local Identifier: 79-HPS-6-3218
Fishing
57. Indians in North Carolina fishing with traps, spears, and nets. Artwork by John White, 1885 . National Archives Identifier: 535743, Local Identifier: 208-LU-25I-4
58. Johnnie Saux, a Quinaielt, holding a dog salmon, Taholah, Washington. Photographed by Walter D. Wilcox, 1936 . National Archives Identifier: 519172, Local Identifier: 75-N-TAH-21
59. A Seminole spearing a garfish from a dugout, Florida, ca. 1930 . National Archives Identifier: 519169, Local Identifier: 75-N-SEM-47
60. A skate from the Swinomish tribal fishtrap, Tulalip Indian Agency, Washington. Photographed by Andrew T. Kelley, 1938 . National Archives Identifier: 519174, Local Identifier: 75-N-TUL-14
Food Preparation
61. Arapaho camp with buffalo meat drying near Fort Dodge, Kansas. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1870 . National Archives Identifier: 518892, Local Identifier: 75-BAE-48c
62. Salmon drying. Aleut village, Old Harbor, Alaska. Photographed by N. B. Miller, 1889 . National Archives Identifier: 513089, Local Identifier: 22-FA-264
63. Paiute woman grinding seeds in doorway of thatched hut, small boy in foreground. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1872 . National Archives Identifier: 517728, Local Identifier: 57-PE-7
64. Two Seminole women cooking cane syrup, Seminole Indian Agency, Florida. Photographed by Gardin, 1941 . National Archives Identifier: 519171, Local Identifier: 75-N-SEM-70
65. Two Taos women baking bread in outside oven, New Mexico. Photographed by H. T Cory, 1916 . National Archives Identifier: 519166, Local Identifier: 75-N-PU-106
Games and Recreation
66. Paiute children playing game called wolf and deer, northern Arizona. Photographed by John K. Hillers, October 1872 . National Archives Identifier: 517729, Local Identifier: 57-PE-19
67. Four Nuaguntit Paiutes gambling, southwestern Nevada. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1873 . National Archives Identifier: 517732, Local Identifier: 57-PE-71
68. Teton Sioux horseraces in front of Fort Pierre, South Dakota. Artwork by Karl Bodmer, 1833-34 . National Archives Identifier: 530972, Local Identifier: 111-SC-92837
Groups
Original Caption: Eskimo group. Local Identifier: 106-IN-3106B, National Archives Identifier: 523820.
69. Eskimo group of 11 men, women, and children dressed in fur, Port Clarence, Alaska. Photographed by William Dinwiddie, 1894 . National Archives Identifier: 523820, Local Identifier: 106-IN-3106B
70. Knik Chief Nikaly and family near Anchorage, Alaska. Photographed by H. G. Kaiser, ca. 1910 . National Archives Identifier: 532338, Local Identifier: 126-ARA-2-231
71. Man and woman of Laguna Pueblo, New Mexico. Photographed by Ben Wittick . National Archives Identifier: 530898, Local Identifier: 111-SC-85752
72. Winema or Tobey Riddle, a Modoc, standing between an agent and her husband Frank (on her left), with four Modoc women in front. Photographed by Eadweard Muybridge, 1873 . National Archives Identifier: 533247, Local Identifier: 165-MM-1624
73. Shoshoni at Fort Washakie, Wyoming. Last photograph of Chief Washakie, who is on the extreme left, standing and pointing, 1892 . National Archives Identifier: 530919, Local Identifier: 111-SC-87800
74. Two Tlingit women with several children near the Kotsina River, Alaska. Miles Brothers photograph, 1902 . National Archives Identifier: 524407,Local Identifier: 111-AG-73
Homes
Original Caption: Bannack indians. Local Identifier: 57-HS-996, National Archives Identifier: 517491.
75. Apache rancheria with two men holding rifles. Photographed by Camillus S. Fly . National Archives Identifier: 530902, Local Identifier: 111-SC-85775
76. Family of Bannocks in front of a grass tent, Idaho. Photographed by William H. Jackson, 1872 . National Archives Identifier: 517491, Local Identifier: 57-HS-996
77. Summer skin tent with an old Eskimo woman in foreground, Point Barrow, Alaska. Photographed by Stanley Morgan, 1935 . National Archives Identifier: 531122, Local Identifier: 111-SC-103716
78. Supai Charlie standing in front of his ha-wa, Havasu Canyon. Photographed by Henry Peabody, ca. 1900 . National Archives Identifier: 520079, Local Identifier: 79-HPS-6-1685
79. Dancers' Rock, Walpi, Arizona, part of a Hopi pueblo; picturing three Hopi people, ladders, and utensils. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1879 . National Archives Identifier: 542440, Local Identifier: 391-JKH-3
80. A Kickapoo wickiup, Sac and Fox Agency, Okla., ca. 1880 . National Archives Identifier: 519144, Local Identifier: 75-IP-3-4
81. Interior of a Navajo hogan on a New Mexico reservation. Photographed by D. Griffiths, September 13, 1903 . National Archives Identifier: 521045, Local Identifier: 83-FB-2035
82. Joseph Matthews, Osage council member, author, historian, and Rhodes scholar, seated at home in front of his fireplace, Oklahoma. Photographed by Andrew T. Kelley, December 16, 1937 . National Archives Identifier: 519163, Local Identifier: 75-N-OS-51
83. The Arrow Maker and his daughter, Kaivavit Paiutes, in front of their home, northern Arizona. Photographed by Clement Powell, October 4, 1872 . National Archives Identifier: 517726, Local Identifier: 57-PE-1
84. Pawnee lodges at Loup, Nebraska, with a family standing in front of a lodge entrance. Photographed by William H. Jackson, 1873 . National Archives Identifier: 523836, Local Identifier: 106-INE-3
85. Gabe Gobin, an Indian logger, in front of his home. Tulalip Reservation, Washington. Photographed by Lee Muck, 1916 . National Archives Identifier: 518929, Local Identifier: 75-FA-TUL-2
86. Little Big Mouth, a medicine man, seated in front of his lodge near Fort Sill, Oklahoma, with medicine bag visible from behind the tent. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1869-70 . National Archives Identifier: 518908, Local Identifier: 75-BAE-1448D
Hunting
87. Blackfoot Indians chasing buffalo, Three Buttes, Montana. Artwork by John M. Stanley, 1853-55 . National Archives Identifier: 531080, Local Identifier: 111-SC-96033
88. Eskimos harpooning a whale, Point Barrow, Alaska. Photographed by Stanley Morgan, 1935 . National Archives Identifier: 531123, Local Identifier: 111-SC-103737
89. An Uainuint Paiute aiming a rifle, southwestern Utah. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1873 . National Archives Identifier: 517730, Local Identifier: 57-PE-42
Individual Portraits
Original Caption: Lone Wolfe (Guipago), a Kiowa chief; half-length, seated. Local Identifier: 75-BAE-1382A-3, National Archives Identifier: 518903.
90. Big Foot (Sitanka), a Miniconjou Sioux of Cheyenne River Reservation, South Dakota; half-length, seated, wearing white shirt . National Archives Identifier: 530916, Local Identifier: 111-SC-87772
91. Big Soldier (Wahktageli), a Dakota chief; full-length, standing. Artwork by Karl Bodmer, May 1833 . National Archives Identifier: 530975, Local Identifier: 111-SC-92843
92. Black Beaver, a Delaware born in Illinois in 1808; half-length. Photographed by Alexander Gardner, 1872 . National Archives Identifier: 519122, Local Identifier: 75-ID-118A
93. Captain Jack (Kintpuash), a Modoc subchief, executed October 3, 1873; bust-length, full-face. Photographed by Louis Heller, 1873 . National Archives Identifier: 533242, Local Identifier: 165-MH-404
94. Crow King, a Hunkpapa Sioux; half-length, wearing part of a major's uniform. Photographed by David F.Barry at Fort Buford, North Dakota, ca. 1881 . National Archives Identifier: 530814, Local Identifier:111-SC-82525
95. Curley Bear (Car-io-scuse), a Blackfoot (Siksika) chief; half-length, dressed in ermines. Photographed by DeLancey Gill, 1903 . National Archives Identifier: 523598, Local Identifier: 106-IN-37
96. Dull Knife (Tah-me-la-pash-me), Chief of Northern Cheyennes at Battle of Little Bighorn; full-length, seated. Halftone of photograph . National Archives Identifier: 530912, Local Identifier: 111-SC-87732
97. Fisher, McKinley, a Chemehuevi employed by the Indian Service at Colorado Agency, Arizona; bust-length, full-face. Photographed by Bennett Thayer, 1957 . National Archives Identifier: 519154, Local Identifier: 75-N-CO-2078
98. Four Bears (Mato-Tope), a Mandan chief; full- length, standing, holding lance and wearing a painted and quilled shirt. Artwork by Karl Bodmer, 1833-34 . National Archives Identifier: 530980, Local Identifier: 111-SC-92849
99. Gall (Pizi, Gaul), a Hunkpapa Sioux; three-quarter- length, seated. holding bow and arrow, Fort Buford, North Dakota. Photographed by David F. Barry, 1881 . National Archives Identifier: 530833, Local Identifier: 111-SC-82572
100. George Washington (Sho-e-tat, Little Boy), a Caddo born in Louisiana in 1816; half-length, full-face. Photographed by Alexander Gardner, 1872 . National Archives Identifier: 519106, Local Identifier: 75-ID-110A
101. Geronimo (Goyathlay), a Chiricahua Apache; full-length, kneeling with rifle. Photographed by Ben Wittick, 1887 . National Archives Identifier: 530880, Local Identifier: 111-SC-83726
102. Joseph (Hinmaton-Yalatkit), Nez Perce'chief; full- length, standing. Photographed by William H. Jackson, before 1877 . National Archives Identifier: 523670, Local Identifier: 106-IN-205
103. Kicking Bird (Tene'-angp6te), a Kiowa chief and grandson of a Crow captive;three-quarter-length, seated. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1868-74 . National Archives Identifier: 518902, Local Identifier: 75-BAE-1381A
104. Little Raven (Hosa, Young Crow), Head Chief of the Arapaho; three-quarter-length, seated. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1868-74 . National Archives Identifier: 518894, Local Identifier: 75-BAE-148B
105. Lone Wolfe (Guipago), a Kiowa chief; half-length, seated. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1868-74 . National Archives Identifier: 518903, Local Identifier: 75-BAE-1382A-3
106. Looking Glass, a Nez Perce' chief, on horseback in front of a tepee. Photograph, 1877 . National Archives Identifier: 530914, Local Identifier: 111-SC-87744
107. Manuelito, a Navajo chief; full-length, seated. Artwork by E. A. Burbank . National Archives Identifier: 519158, Local Identifier: 75-N-NAV-A28
108. Milky Way (Asa Havi, Bird Chief), a Penateka Comanche; half-length, seated, holding bow. Photographed by Alexander Gardner, 1872 . National Archives Identifier: 519065, Local Identifier: 75-ID-84
109. Miner, Cpl. George, a Winnebago from Tomah, Wisconsin; standing, with rifle, on guard duty, Niederahren, Germany. Photographed by Lt. Nathaniel L. Dewell, U.S. Army Signal Corps, January 2, 1919 . National Archives Identifier: 530786, Local Identifier: 111-SC-48488
110. Nana (Nanay), a Chiricahua Apache subchief; full- length, seated. Photographed by Ben Wittick, ca. 1886 . National Archives Identifier: 530800, Local Identifier: 111-SC-82369
111. Oseola (As-se-he-ho-lor, Black Drink), a Seminole; bust-length. Artwork by George Catlin, ca. 1837 . National Archives Identifier: 530983, Local Identifier: 111-SC-93123
112. Ouray (the Arrow), a Southern Ute chief; bust-length. Artwork . National Archives Identifier: 530849, Local Identifier: 111-SC-82602
113. Pacer (Peso, Essa-queta), a Kiowa-Apache chief; half-length, seated, wearing earrings. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1868-74 . National Archives Identifier: 518914, Local Identifier: 75-BAE-2581a
114. Paliwahtiwa, Governor of Zuni; full-length, seated. Photographed by Ben Wittick . National Archives Identifier: 530901, Local Identifier: 111-SC-85763
115. Poison, a Cheyenne woman almost 100 years old; full-length, seated, 1888 . National Archives Identifier: 530905, Local Identifier: 111-SC-87328
116. Quanah Parker, a Kwahadi Comanche chief; full-length, standing in front of tent. Photographed by Lanney . National Archives Identifier: 530911, Local Identifier: 111-SC-87722
117. Rain-in-the-Face, a Hunkpapa Sioux; bust-length, full-face, wearing feathered headdress . National Archives Identifier: 530895, Local Identifier: 111-SC-85725
118. Red Cloud (Maqpeya-luta), Chief of the Oglala Sioux; full-length, seated, holding cane . National Archives Identifier: 530816, Local Identifier: 111-SC-82537
119. Red Tomahawk, a Yanktonai Sioux policeman at Standing Rock Reservation who may have fired the shot that killed Sitting Bull; bust-length, wearing hat. Photograph taken at Fort Yates, North Dakota, 1897 . National Archives Identifier: 531111, Local Identifier: 111-SC-100552
120. Rocky Boy (Stone Child), a Chippewa chief; three-quarter length, standing, dressed in ornate costume . National Archives Identifier: 519181, Local Identifier: 75-RA-2-2
121. Scar-faced Charley (Chikchikam Lupatkue-latko), a Modoc; bust-length. Photographed by Louis Heller, 1873 . National Archives Identifier: 533243, Local Identifier: 165-MH-410
122. Sharp Nose (Ta-qua-wi), a Northern Arapaho chief; bust-length, full-face, wearing U.S. Army captain's bars, 1884 . National Archives Identifier: 530817, Local Identifier: 111-SC-82539A
123. Sitting Bear (Satank, Set-angya), a Kiowa chief; half-length, seated. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1868-74 . National Archives Identifier: 518900, Local Identifier: 75-BAE-1375
124. Sitting Bull (Tatonka-I-Yatanka), a Hunkpapa Sioux. Photographed by David F.Barry, ca. 1885 . National Archives Identifier: 530896, Local Identifier: 111-SC-85728
125. Spotted Tail (Tshin-tah-las-Kah), a Brule Sioux chief; half-length, seated, profile. Photographed by Alexander Gardner, 1872 . National Archives Identifier: 518969, Local Identifier: 75-ID-27
126. Thorpe, James (Jim) Francis (1882-1953), Sauk and Fox from Oklahoma and a famous athlete; full-length, standing, in football uniform of Carlisle Indian School, Pennsylvania, ca. 1909. National Archives Identifier: 519348, Local Identifier: 75-X-2
Curley Bear (Car-io-scuse), a Blackfoot (Siksika) chief; half-length, dressed in ermines. Photographed by DeLancey Gill, 1903. Local Identifier: 106-IN-37, National Archives Identifier: 523598.
127. Umapine (Wakonkonwelasonmi), a Cayuse chief; full-length, standing, wearing a feathered headdress. Halftone of photograph by Joseph K. Dixon, September 1909 . National Archives Identifier: 531112, Local Identifier: 111-SC-100591
128. Winnemucca (The Giver), a Paviotso or Paiute chief of western Nevada; half-length, 1880 . National Archives Identifier: 519146, Local Identifier: 75-IP-3-27
129. Washakie (Shoots-the-Buffalo-Running), a Shoshoni chief; half-length, seated, holding pipe. Halftone of photograph . National Archives Identifier: 530875, Local Identifier: 111-SC-83537
130. White Bear (Sa-tan-ta), a Kiowa chief; full-length, seated, holding bow and arrows. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1869-74 . National Archives Identifier: 518901, Local Identifier: 75-BAE-1380A
131. Young-Man-Afraid-of-His-Horses (Tashun-Kakokipa), an Oglala Sioux; standing in front of his lodge,Pine Ridge, S. Dak. Photographed by G.E. Trager, January 17, 1891 . National Archives Identifier: 530813, Local Identifier: 111-SC-82521
Male Clothing
132. Chief Powder Face of the Arapaho; standing full-length, wearing war costume. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1868-74 . National Archives Identifier: 520069, Local Identifier: 79-HPS-6-3200
133. Pehriska-Ruhpa; full-length, standing, in the costume of the Dog Band of the Hidatsa. Artwork by Karl Bodmer, 1833-34 . National Archives Identifier: 530979, Local Identifier: 111-SC-92848
134. Hopi man having hair dressed by his squaw . National Archives Identifier: 530948, Local Identifier: 111-SC-89625
135. Either Babeshikit, a Kickapoo, or Meraparapa (Lance), a Mandan; portrait, half-length, seated, with white paint on forehead and two-feather headdress, 1894, National Archives Identifier: 523854, Local Identifier: 106-INE-20
136. Two Mohave braves dressed in loincloths; full- length, standing, western Arizona. Photographed by Timothy O'Sullivan, 1871 . National Archives Identifier: 523919, Local Identifier: 106-WA-151
137. Chief of the Little Osages; bust-length, profile showing hair style. Artwork by Charles B.J. de Saint-Memin, ca. 1807 . National Archives Identifier: 532931, Local Identifier: 148-GW-905
138. Two braves with faces painted. Left to right: Massica, a Sauk, and Wakusasse, a Fox. Artwork by Karl Bodmer, 1833-34 . National Archives Identifier: 530973, Local Identifier: 111-SC-92841
139. Group of six Zuni men wearing coats and leather boots; full-length, standing and seated. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1879 . National Archives Identifier: 523634, Local Identifier: 106-IN-81
Pictographs
140. Calender of 37 months, 1889-92, kept on a skin by Anko, a Kiowa man, ca. 1895., National Archives Identifier: 523631, Local Identifier: 106-IN-78
141. Tipi depicitng battles between Kiowas and U.S. soldiers, ca. 1895. National Archives Identifier: 523627, Local Identifier: 106-IN-75
142. Animal skin with pictorial history of Shoshoni chief Wahakie's combats . National Archives Identifier: 530876, Local Identifier: 111-SC-83538
143. Prehistoric pictographs on sand rocks, Adamana, Arizona. Photographed by D. Griffiths, August 1903 . National Archives Identifier: 521044, Local Identifier: 83-FB-1902
Pottery
Original Caption: Indians of Santa Clara Pueblo, New Mexico, making pottery. Local Identifier: 75-N-PU-40, National Archives Identifier: 519165.
144. Pottery in the interior of an Acoma dwelling, New Mexico. photographed by Henry Peabody, ca. 1900 . National Archives Identifier: 520077, Local Identifier: 79-HPS-6-1563
145. Nampeyo, Hopi potterymaker, seated, with examples of her work. Photographed by Henry Peabody, ca. 1900 . National Archives Identifier: 520084, Local Identifier: 79-HPS-6-3277
146. Indians of Santa Clara Pueblo, New Mexico, making pottery. Photographed by H. T. Corey, 1916 . National Archives Identifier: 519165, Local Identifier: 75-N-PU-40
Prisoners
147. Apache prisoners at Fort Bowie, Arizona. Baker and Johnson photograph, ca. 1884 . National Archives Identifier: 530907, Local Identifier: 111-SC-87343
148. Chiricahua Apache prisoners, including Geronimo (first row, third from right), seated on an embankment outside their railroad car, Arizona. Photographed by J. McDonald, 1886 . National Archives Identifier: 530797, Local Identifier: 111-SC-82320
149. Eight Crow prisoners under guard at Crow agency, Montana. Photographed 1887 . National Archives Identifier: 531126, Local Identifier: 111-SC-104130
School Activities
150. Daisy Pino, an Acoma girl, during on-the-job training at Brown's Cafe, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Photographed by Henry Kyllingstad, April 18, 1951 . National Archives Identifier: 519153, Local Identifier: 75-N-ALB-6
151. Mary Parker, a young Seminole girl, using sewing machine at the Brighton Day School on the Glades County Reservation, Fla. Photographed by Alexander, 1941 . National Archives Identifier: 519170, Local Identifier: 75-N-SEM-60
152. Sioux boys as they were dressed on arrival at the Carlisle Indian School, Pennsylvania. Photographed by J. N. Choate, October 5, 1879 . National Archives Identifier: 519135, Local Identifier: 75-IP-1-4A
153. Group of Omaa boys in cadet uniforms, Carlisle Indian School, Pennsylvania. Photographed by J. N. Choate, ca. 1880 . National Archives Identifier: 519136, Local Identifier: 75-IP-1-10
154. Boys and girls conducting physics experiments, Carlisle Indian School, Pennsylvania, ca. 1915 . National Archives Identifier: 599683 and 518926 , Local Identifier: 75-EXC-6D
155. Carlisle Indian School Band seated on steps of a school building, Carlisle, Pa. Photographed by Gustave Hensel, 1915 . National Archives Identifier: 518927, Local Identifier: 75-EXC-7
156. Students in cadet uniforms in front of the buildings, Indian training school, Forest Grove, Oreg. Photographed by Davidson, 1882 . National Archives Identifier: 519137, Local Identifier: 75-IP-1-20
157. Class in blacksmithing, Forest Grove School, Oregon. Photographed by Davidson, 1882 . National Archives Identifier: 519138, Local Identifier: 75-IP-1-23
158. Football team on the field, Haskell Institute, Lawrence, Kans., 1914 . National Archives Identifier: 519149, Local Identifier: 75-L-3D
159. Girls' shorthand class, Haskell Institute, Lawrence, Kans. Photographed by Squires, ca. 1910 . National Archives Identifier: 518924, Local Identifier: 75-EXH-1D
160. Girls at Isleta Day School in a tug of war, Albu- querque, N. Mex. Photographed by Sekaer, 1940 . National Archives Identifier: 519167, Local Identifier: 75-N-PU-464
161. Art class, Phoenix Indian School, Arizona. Photographed by Messinger, June 1900 . National Archives Identifier: 518923, Local Identifier: 75-EXP-1D
162. Little girls praying beside their beds, Phoenix Indian School, Arizona. Photographed by Messinger, June 1900 . National Archives Identifier: 518925, Local Identifier: 75-EXP-2B
163. Students branding cattle at Seger Colony School, Oklahoma, ca. 1900 . National Archives Identifier: 519189, Local Identifier: 75-SE-32B
Scouts for the Army
164. Apache scouts drilling with rifles, Fort Wingate, New Mexico . National Archives Identifier: 530918, Local Identifier: 111-SC-87797
165. Bloody Knife, Custer's scout, on Yellowstone Expedition. Photographed by William R. Pywell, 1873 . National Archives Identifier: 524373, Local Identifier: 106-YX-84
166. Peaches (Tsoe), a White Mountain Apache scout; full-length, holding rifle. Photographed by Ben Wittick, ca. 1885 . National Archives Identifier: 530799, Local Identifier: 111-SC-82346
167. Curley, Crow scout for Custer at Little Bighorn; bust-length. Photographed by David F. Barry, ca. 1876 . National Archives Identifier: 533090, Local Identifier: 165-AI-51
168. Rabbit-Tail, Shoshone member of Captain Ray's scout company; half-length, seated, with bracelets and ornamented vest . National Archives Identifier: 530920, Local Identifier: 111-SC-87802
169. Warm Spring scouts, Lava Beds, Calif.; their leader, Donald McKay, is leaning against rock. Photographed by Eadweard Muybridge, 1873 . National Archives Identifier: 533246, Local Identifier: 165-MM-1623
Transportation
170. Six Eskimos standing beside native skinboat (umiak) on sled, Point Barrow, Alaska. Photographed by Stanley Morgan, 1935 . National Archives Identifier: 531120, Local Identifier: 111-SC-103684
171. Frank Tlyasman, a Quinaielt, in his new dugout canoe, Taholah, Wash. Photographed by Walter D. Wilcox, 1936 . National Archives Identifier: 519173, Local Identifier: 75-N-TAH-26
172. A Blackfoot on horseback, with a rifle. Artwork by Karl Bodmer, 1833-34 . National Archives Identifier: 530974, Local Identifier: 111-SC-92842
173. Uinta Ute warrior and his bride on horseback, northwest Utah. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1874 . National Archives Identifier: 517733, Local Identifier: 57-PE-110
174. Stump Horn and family (Southern Cheyenne); showing home and horsedrawn travois. Photographed by Christian Barthelmess, 1890 . National Archives Identifier: 523855, Local Identifier: 106-INE-21
175. An Indian village on the move. Artwork by Charles M. Russell, 1905 . National Archives Identifier: 530815, Local Identifier: 111-SC-82531
Villages
Original Caption: The village of Pomeioc, North Carolina. Local Identifier: 208-LU-251-7, National Archives Identifier: 535753.
176. Acoma Pueblo and its reflection in a pool of water, New Mexico. Photographed by Ansel Adams, 1941-42 . National Archives Identifier: 519831, Local Identifier: 79-AAA-1
177. The village of Pomeioc, N.C. Artwork by John White, 1885 . National Archives Identifier: 535753, Local Identifier: 208-LU-251-7
178. Winter village of the Manitaries (Hidatsa) in Dakota Territory. Artwork by Karl Bodmer, 1833-34 . National Archives Identifier: 530977, Local Identifier: 111-SC-92845
179. A general view of the Laguna Pueblo, New Mexico. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1879 . National Archives Identifier: 542443, Local Identifier: 391-JKH-10
180. Taos Pueblo, New Mexico, with mountains in the background. Photographed by Ansel Adams, 1941 . National Archives Identifier: 519984, Local Identifier: 79-AAQ-2
181. First terrace of Zuni, New Mexico, showing ladders and utensils. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1879 . National Archives Identifier: 542442, Local Identifier: 391-JKH-9
Weapons
182. San Juan, a Mescalero Apache chief; standing, full-length, holding a spear and shield . National Archives Identifier: 530798, Local Identifier: 111-SC-82324
Original Caption: San Juan, a Mescalero Apache chief; standing, full-length, holding a spear and shield. Local Identifier: 111-SC-82324, National Archives Identifier: 530798.
183. Simiguluk, an Eskimo spear and lancemaker with his wares, Point Barrow, Alaska. Photographed by Stanley Morgan. 1935 . National Archives Identifier: 531121, Local Identifier: 111-SC-103706
184. A Paiute drawing his bow and arrow; two others in festive costume. Photographed by John K. Hillers, October 1872 . National Archives Identifier: 517727, Local Identifier: 57-PE-4
185. Indian relics (mostly arrowheads) found on the Enchanted Mesa, June 22, 1898. Photographed by Henry Peabody, ca. 1900 . National Archives Identifier: 520076, Local Identifier: 79-HPS-6-1553
Weaving
186. Hopi man weaving a blanket; with back to camera and holding a wooden sley in both hands. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1879 . National Archives Identifier: 519159, Local Identifier: 106-IN-2435b
187. Navajo weaver spinning wool into yarn; full- length, seated, with a loom behind her, Torre'on, New Mexico. Photographed by Milton Snow. National Archives Identifier: 76018299, Local Identifier: 75-N-NAV-T4
188. Navajo family group in Canyon de Chelle, New Mexico Territory; woman weaving at loom, man holding bow and arrow. Photographed by Timothy H. O'Sullivan, 1873 . National Archives Identifier: 524256, Local Identifier: 106-WB-305
189. We-Wa, a Zuni man dressed as a woman, weaving a belt on a waist loom with reed heddle. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1879 . National Archives Identifier: 523797, Local Identifier: 106-IN-2384DA
World War II Activities
190. Lt. Woody J. Cochran holding a Japanese flag, New Guinea. A Cherokee from Oklahoma and a bomber pilot, Lieutenant Cochran earned the Silver Star, Purple Heart, Distinguished Flying Cross, and Air Medal. April 1, 1943 . National Archives Identifier: 519155, Local Identifier: 75-N-FIVE-148
191. Lt. Ernest Childers, a Creek, being congratulated by Gen. Jacob L. Devers after receiving the Congressional Medal of Honor in Italy for wiping out two machinegun nests. U.S. Army Signal Corps photograph, July 13, 1944 . National Archives Identifier: 535783, Local Identifier: 208-N-24772
192. Dan Waupoose, a Menomini chief; full-length, kneeling with a rifle and wearing a feathered headdress, Algiers, La. U.S. Navy photograph, August 24, 1943 . National Archives Identifier: 520636, Local Identifier: 80-G-153531
193. Pfc. Ira H. Hayes, a Pima, at age 19, ready to jump, Marine Corps Paratroop School. One of the four Marines in the lwo Jima flag-raising photograph. U.S. Marine Corps photograph, 1943 . National Archives Identifier: 519164, Local Identifier: 75-N-PIM-33
194. Three Marine Corps women reservists, Camp Lejeune, N.C. Left to right: Minnie Spotted Wolf (Blackfoot), Celia Mix (Potawatomi), and Viola Eastman (Chippewa). U.S. Marine Corps photograph, October 16, 1943. National Archives Identifier: 535876, Local Identifier: 208-NS-4350-2
Index by Tribe
For a list of records throughout all of the National Archives related to specific Tribal Nations please visit the Bureau of Indian Affairs finding aid.
Acoma, 144, 150, 176
Apache, 5, 11, 23-25, 51, 75, 101, 110, 147-48, 164- 66, 182
Arapaho, 31, 38, 61, 104, 122, 132
Arikara, 47
Bannock,76
Blackfoot, 20, 87, 95, 172, 194
Caddo,100
Cayuse,127
Chemehuevi, 97
Cherokee, 26, 190
Cheyenne, 31, 96, 115, 174
Chippewa, 3, 14, 120, 194
Comanche, 108, 116
Creek, 32, 191
Crow, 103, 149, 167
Dakota, see Sioux
Delaware, 92
Eskimo, 39, 52, 62, 69, 77, 88, 170, 183
Flathead, 27, 46
Fox, see Sauk and Fox
Havasupai, 53, 78
Hidatsa, 133, 178
Hopi, 12, 40, 54, 79, 134, 145, 186
Isleta, 160
Kickapoo, 80, 135
Kiowa, 28, 103, 105, 123, 130, 140-41
Kiowa-Apache, 113
Knik, 70
Laguna,71,179
Mandan, 41, 47, 98, 135
Manitari, see Hidatsa
Menomini, 192
Mission, 36
Modoc, 72, 93, 121
Mohave, 136
Navajo, 6-7, 29, 37, 42, 81, 107, 187-88
Nez Perce, 1, 102, 106
Ojibway, see Chippewa
Omaha, 153
Osage, 28, 82, 137
Oto, 48
Paiute, 8, 63, 66-67, 83, 89, 128, 184
Paloos, 15
Papago,13
Paviotso, 128
Pawnee, 84
Pima, 193
Potawatomi, 9, 194
Pueblo, see name of individual Pueblo
Quinaielt, 58, 171
Salish, see Flathead
Santa Clara, 146
Sauk and Fox, 126, 138
Seminole, 59, 64, 111, 151
Seneca,34-35
Shoshoni, 73, 129, 142, 16
Siksika, see Blackfoot
Sioux, 2, 18-19, 21, 30, 33, 43-44, 49, 68, 90-91, 94, 99, 117-19, 124-25, 131, 152
Swinomish, 60
Taos, 65, 180
Tlingit, 55, 74
Ute, 112, 173
Warm Spring, 169
Wichita, 22, 56
Winnebago,109
Zuni, 10, 45, 114, 139, 181, 189