Linked Open Data for Digital Still Image Formats
Digital still images are digitally encoded representations of the tonal and brightness information of a subject into a bitmap. Data from digital cameras and scanning devices record light characteristics as numerical values into a grid or raster of picture elements (pixels). There are two types of raster file digital image categories: Digital still photographs of natural, real-world scenes or subjects produced by digital cameras, and scanned images of textual documents, illustrations, posters, graphics, cartographic records, photographic prints, slides, and negatives. Image file formats are standardized means of organizing and storing rasterized data that can be used on a computer display or printer.
The significant properties of digital still image records are documented in the Digital Still Image Preservation Plan, which can be used as test criteria for tools and processes used in format transformations.
NARA makes its Linked Open Data available in Resource Description Framework Terse RDF Triple Language or RDF Turtle (.ttl files). These files can be opened in any text editor. The Digital Preservation Framework as Linked Open Data includes the same elements as are available in the version of the Preservation Plans on GitHub.
These plans are not exhaustive nor universally applicable proposed actions and recommended or endorsed tools: these represent file formats and variant versions in NARA holdings, the current NARA risk assessment, processing capabilities, and tools in use at NARA.
Format Name | File Extension(s) | Digital Preservation Framework Category/Categories | NARA Format ID | NARA Linked Open Data TTL |
---|---|---|---|---|
Adobe PhotoDeluxe | pdd | Digital Still Image | NF00104 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00104.ttl |
Adobe Photoshop | psd | Digital Still Image | NF00105 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00105.ttl |
CALS Compressed Bitmap | cal|ct1|ct2 | Digital Still Image | NF00139 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00139.ttl |
Canon RAW 1.0 | crw | Digital Still Image | NF00468 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00468.ttl |
Canon RAW 2.0 | cr2 | Digital Still Image | NF00469 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00469.ttl |
CCITT T.4 Group 3 compression (Fax image file) | tiff|others | Digital Still Image | NF00191 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00191.ttl |
CCITT T.6 Group 4 compression (Fax image file) | tiff|others | Digital Still Image | NF00488 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00488.ttl |
Computer Graphics Metafile Binary 1 | cgm | Digital Still Image | NF00145 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00145.ttl |
Computer Graphics Metafile Binary 2 | cgm | Digital Still Image | NF00546 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00546.ttl |
Computer Graphics Metafile Binary 3 | cgm | Digital Still Image | NF00547 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00547.ttl |
Computer Graphics Metafile Binary 4 | cgm | Digital Still Image | NF00548 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00548.ttl |
Computer Graphics Metafile Binary unspecified version | cgm | Digital Still Image | NF00783 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00783.ttl |
CorelDraw Wavelet Image File | wi|wvl | Digital Still Image | NF00149 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00149.ttl |
Design rule for Camera File system (DCF) Thumbnail File | thm | Digital Still Image | NF00738 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00738.ttl |
Digital Negative Format 1.0 | dng | Digital Still Image | NF00161 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00161.ttl |
Digital Negative Format 1.1 | dng | Digital Still Image | NF00480 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00480.ttl |
Digital Negative Format 1.2 | dng | Digital Still Image | NF00481 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00481.ttl |
Digital Negative Format 1.3 | dng | Digital Still Image | NF00482 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00482.ttl |
Digital Negative Format 1.4 | dng | Digital Still Image | NF00483 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00483.ttl |
Digital Negative Format unspecified version | dng | Digital Still Image | NF00763 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00763.ttl |
Enhanced Metafile 1.0 | emf|emz | Digital Design and Vector Graphics|Digital Still Image | NF00258 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00258.ttl |
Enhanced Metafile 2.0 | emf|emz | Digital Design and Vector Graphics|Digital Still Image | NF00500 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00500.ttl |
Enhanced Metafile 3.0 | emf|emz | Digital Design and Vector Graphics|Digital Still Image | NF00501 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00501.ttl |
Enhanced Metafile unspecified version | emf|emz | Digital Design and Vector Graphics|Digital Still Image | NF00768 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00768.ttl |
Exchangeable Image File Format Compressed 2.0 | jpg|jpeg | Digital Still Image | NF00177 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00177.ttl |
Exchangeable Image File Format Compressed 2.1 | jpg|jpeg | Digital Still Image | NF00178 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00178.ttl |
Exchangeable Image File Format Compressed 2.2 | jpg|jpeg | Digital Still Image | NF00179 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00179.ttl |
Exchangeable Image File Format Compressed 2.21 | jpg|jpeg | Digital Still Image | NF00828 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00828.ttl |
Exchangeable Image File Format Compressed 2.3.x | jpg|jpeg | Digital Still Image | NF00829 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00829.ttl |
Exchangeable Image File Format Uncompressed 2.1 | tif|tiff | Digital Still Image | NF00180 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00180.ttl |
Exchangeable Image File Format Uncompressed 2.2 | tif|tiff | Digital Still Image | NF00181 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00181.ttl |
Fractal Image File | fif | Digital Still Image | NF00196 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00196.ttl |
FujiFilm RAW | raf | Digital Still Image | NF00470 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00470.ttl |
Geospatial Tagged Image File Format (GeoTIFF) | gtiff|tif|tiff | Geospatial|Digital Still Image | NF00201 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00201.ttl |
Graphics Interchange Format 87a | gif | Digital Still Image | NF00202 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00202.ttl |
Graphics Interchange Format 89a | gif | Digital Still Image | NF00203 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00203.ttl |
Graphics Interchange Format unspecified version | gif | Digital Still Image | NF00652 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00652.ttl |
High Efficiency Image File Format (HEIF) | heif|heifs | Digital Still Image | NF00638 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00638.ttl |
High Efficiency Image File Format with HEVC compression (HEIC) | heic|heics | Digital Still Image | NF00639 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00639.ttl |
Icon file format | ico | Digital Still Image | NF00210 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00210.ttl |
JPEG 2000 File Format | jp2|jpx | Digital Still Image | NF00219 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00219.ttl |
JPEG File Interchange Format 1.00 | jpg|jpeg|jpe | Digital Still Image | NF00220 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00220.ttl |
JPEG File Interchange Format 1.01 | jpg|jpeg|jpe | Digital Still Image | NF00491 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00491.ttl |
JPEG File Interchange Format 1.02 | jpg|jpeg|jpe | Digital Still Image | NF00492 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00492.ttl |
JPEG Raw Stream | jpg|jpeg|jpe | Digital Still Image | NF00493 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00493.ttl |
JPEG Tiled Image Pyramid (JTIP) | jtip | Digital Still Image | NF00221 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00221.ttl |
JPEG unspecified version | jpg|jpeg|jpe | Digital Still Image | NF00641 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00641.ttl |
JPEG XL | jxl | Digital Still Image | NF00802 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00802.ttl |
Kodak Photo-Enhancer | kdc | Digital Still Image | NF00471 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00471.ttl |
Kodak PhotoCD | pcd | Digital Still Image | NF00224 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00224.ttl |
Kodak RAW | dcr | Digital Still Image | NF00472 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00472.ttl |
LuraDocument Format | ldf | Digital Still Image|Presentation and Publishing | NF00728 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00728.ttl |
Macintosh PICT unspecified version | pict|pct|pic | Digital Still Image | NF00786 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00786.ttl |
MacPaint Graphics | pnt | Digital Still Image | NF00240 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00240.ttl |
MacPaint Image | mac|pntg|pic | Digital Still Image | NF00241 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00241.ttl |
MET Metafile | met | Digital Design and Vector Graphics|Digital Still Image | NF00248 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00248.ttl |
Meta Raster Format (MRF) Index File | idx | Digital Still Image | NF00704 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00704.ttl |
Microsoft Document Imaging Format | mdi | Digital Still Image | NF00777 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00777.ttl |
Multiresolution Seamless Image Database (MrSID) | sid | Digital Still Image|Geospatial | NF00813 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00813.ttl |
National Imagery Transmission Format 1.0 | ntf|nitf | Digital Still Image | NF00692 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00692.ttl |
National Imagery Transmission Format 1.1 | ntf|nitf | Digital Still Image | NF00693 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00693.ttl |
National Imagery Transmission Format 2.0 | ntf|nitf | Digital Still Image | NF00694 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00694.ttl |
National Imagery Transmission Format 2.1 | ntf|nitf | Digital Still Image | NF00695 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00695.ttl |
National Imagery Transmission Format unspecified version | ntf|nitf | Digital Still Image | NF00764 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00764.ttl |
Nikon Electronic Format RAW Image (NEF) | nef | Digital Still Image | NF00341 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00341.ttl |
Nikon RAW (NRW) | nrw | Digital Still Image | NF00473 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00473.ttl |
Olympus RAW | orf | Digital Still Image | NF00474 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00474.ttl |
OS/2 Bitmap 1.0 | bmp | Digital Still Image | NF00350 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00350.ttl |
OS/2 Bitmap 2.0 | bmp | Digital Still Image | NF00515 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00515.ttl |
OS/2 Bitmap unspecified version | bmp | Digital Still Image | NF00765 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00765.ttl |
PaintShop Pro Browser Cache File | jbf | Digital Still Image | NF00355 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00355.ttl |
PaintShop Pro Image version 2 | psp | Digital Still Image | NF00354 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00354.ttl |
PaintShop Pro Image version 3 | psp | Digital Still Image | NF00516 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00516.ttl |
PaintShop Pro Image version 4 | psp | Digital Still Image | NF00517 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00517.ttl |
PaintShop Pro Image version 5 | psp | Digital Still Image | NF00518 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00518.ttl |
PaintShop Pro Image version 6 | psp | Digital Still Image | NF00519 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00519.ttl |
PaintShop Pro Image version 7 | psp | Digital Still Image | NF00520 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00520.ttl |
PaintShop Pro Image version 8 | psp | Digital Still Image | NF00521 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00521.ttl |
PCPaint Image | pic|clp | Digital Still Image | NF00356 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00356.ttl |
Pentax RAW | pef|ptx | Digital Still Image | NF00475 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00475.ttl |
PiCture eXchange (PCX) unspecified version | pcx|pcc | Digital Still Image | NF00843 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00843.ttl |
PiCture eXchange (PCX) version 0 | pcx|pcc | Digital Still Image | NF00522 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00522.ttl |
PiCture eXchange (PCX) version 2 | pcx|pcc | Digital Still Image | NF00523 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00523.ttl |
PiCture eXchange (PCX) version 3 | pcx|pcc | Digital Still Image | NF00524 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00524.ttl |
PiCture eXchange (PCX) version 4 | pcx|pcc | Digital Still Image | NF00525 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00525.ttl |
PiCture eXchange (PCX) version 5 | pcx|pcc | Digital Still Image | NF00359 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00359.ttl |
Pixel Image File | px | Digital Still Image | NF00812 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00812.ttl |
Portable Network Graphics 1.0 | png | Digital Still Image | NF00381 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00381.ttl |
Portable Network Graphics 1.1 | png | Digital Still Image | NF00382 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00382.ttl |
Portable Network Graphics 1.2 | png | Digital Still Image | NF00383 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00383.ttl |
Portable Network Graphics unspecified version | png | Digital Still Image | NF00647 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00647.ttl |
Radiance HDR (RGBE) | hdr|pic|rgbe|xyze | Digital Still Image | NF00810 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00810.ttl |
Raw Bitmap | raw|rgb|yuv | Digital Still Image | NF00395 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00395.ttl |
Scitex CT Image | sct|ct|ch | Digital Still Image | NF00405 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00405.ttl |
Sigma RAW | x3f | Digital Still Image | NF00476 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00476.ttl |
Sony Alpha RAW 1.x | arw | Digital Still Image | NF00809 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00809.ttl |
Sony RAW | srf | Digital Still Image | NF00477 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00477.ttl |
Sun Raster Image | sun|ras|sunras|rs|sr|scr|im1|im8|im24|im32 | Digital Still Image | NF00417 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00417.ttl |
Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) 1-6 | tif|tiff | Digital Still Image | NF00419 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00419.ttl |
Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) unspecified version | tif|tiff | Digital Still Image | NF00762 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00762.ttl |
Tagged Image File Format for Electronic Photography (TIFF/EP) | tif|tiff | Digital Still Image | NF00420 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00420.ttl |
Tagged Image File Format for Image Technology (TIFF/IT) | tif|tiff | Digital Still Image | NF00421 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00421.ttl |
Tagged Image File Format for Internet Fax (TIFF-FX) | tif|tiff|tfx | Digital Still Image | NF00422 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00422.ttl |
Truevision TGA 1.0 | tga|icb|vda|vst | Digital Still Image | NF00428 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00428.ttl |
Truevision TGA 2.0 | tga|icb|vda|vst | Digital Still Image | NF00530 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00530.ttl |
Windows Animated Cursor | ani | Digital Still Image | NF00811 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00811.ttl |
Windows Bitmap 1.0 / Windows Device-Dependent Bitmap | bmp | Digital Still Image | NF00441 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00441.ttl |
Windows Bitmap 3.0 | bmp | Digital Still Image | NF00442 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00442.ttl |
Windows Bitmap 3.x NT | bmp | Digital Still Image | NF00443 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00443.ttl |
Windows Bitmap 4.0 | bmp | Digital Still Image | NF00624 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00624.ttl |
Windows Bitmap 5.0 | bmp | Digital Still Image | NF00625 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00625.ttl |
Windows Bitmap unspecified version | bmp | Digital Still Image | NF00661 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00661.ttl |
Windows Cursor image file | cur | Digital Still Image | NF00687 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00687.ttl |
Windows Metafile Image | wmf | Digital Still Image | NF00448 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00448.ttl |
WordPerfect Graphics 1.0 | wpg | Digital Still Image | NF00787 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00787.ttl |
WordPerfect Graphics 2.0 | wpg | Digital Still Image | NF00788 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00788.ttl |
WordPerfect Graphics unspecified version | wpg | Digital Still Image | NF00848 | https://www.archives.gov/files/lod/dpframework/id/NF00848.ttl |