Native American Heritage Month

We celebrate Native American Heritage Month in November to recognize the achievements and contributions of Native Americans. In 1990 President George H. W. Bush approved a joint resolution designating November 1990 “National American Indian Heritage Month.” Similar proclamations, under variants on the name (including “Native American Heritage Month” and “National American Indian and Alaska Native Heritage Month”) have been issued each year since 1994.
Indigenous Digital Archive’s Treaties Portal
NARA collaborated with the Museum of Indian Arts and Culture (MIAC) to launch the Indigenous Digital Archive’s Treaties Portal. This website provides public access to digital copies of NARA’s series of ratified Indian Treaties. The project was made possible by a generous gift from an anonymous donor and with the support of the National Archives Foundation, a nonprofit partner of the National Archives. Read more on the Archivist's blog and in the news release.
The National Archives holds hundreds of thousands of related records created or received by the U.S. Government relating to Native Americans. Visit the research portal for American Indian records and view view related records in the National Archives Catalog.
Our Native Communities program is an educational resource providing step-by-step instructions for locating important Native American records. We offer hands-on practice, and special Citizen Archivist Missions to make records easily accessible.
The American Indian Records Community on the History Hub is a space where you can learn about finding and managing American Indian records. Ask a question, answer an unanswered question, or share your tips on how you research.
Videos
“New Indian,”1977 - A Native American woman speaks about the American Indian Movement at the Ecumenical Conference of the North Central States.
Killers of the Flower Moon: The Osage Murders and the Birth of the FBI. David Grann discussed his book at an author lecture at the National Archives. (See the accompanying interview with the Archivist of the United States in the Pieces of History blog.)
Digital Resources
Video highlights from the Nixon Library’s April 2015 conference
Prologue
Homes on the Range; Bureau of Indian Affairs’ Industrial Surveys of the 1920s
The Civilian Conservation Corps Indian Division
A Victor in Defeat: Chief Gall’s Life on the Standing Rock Reservation
Lead the Way: U.S. Indian Scouts
Native Americans in the Antebellum U.S. Military
Native Americans in the Census
The Secret Treaties with California's Indians
Winema and the Modoc War: One Woman's Struggle for Peace
Jesse S. Haire: Unwilling Indian Fighter
"Semper Fidelis, Code Talkers"
The Search for the Site of the Sand Creek Massacre
Indian Bounty Land Applications
Snakes & Scribes: The Dawes Commission and the Enrollment of the Creeks
Thus Spoke Chief Seattle: The Story of an Undocumented Speech
National Archives News
National Archives Awards Grant to Standing Rock Sioux Tribe
Canadian Library and Archives Officials Discuss Indigenous Initiatives
Efforts Begin to Digitize 377 Native Treaties
New York City Archives Exhibits Native Nations Treaties
Blogs
AOTUS Blog: Ratified Indian Treaties - Making Access Happen
Education Updates: Native Warriors on Both Sides of the Battle of Little Bighorn
Pieces of History: “A Real Injustice Was Done to These Two Old Scouts”: VA Claim File of an Indian Scout
Pieces of History: Middle Oregon Treaty of 1855
Pieces of History: The Power of American Indian Boarding School Records
Pieces of History: “Observations” of Native American Records at the National Archives
Pieces of History: Quiet Revelations at Navajo Nation
Pieces of History: Researching the Osage Murders - interview with Archivist Ferriero
Pieces of History: National Archives and the National Museum of the American Indian: A Partnership
Pieces of History: Nation to Nation: Treaties at the National Museum of the American Indian
Pieces of History: The Navajo Treaty Travels to the Navajo Nation
Pieces of History: On Exhibit: the Indian Removal Act
Pieces of History: Indian Treaties at the Museum of the American Indian
Pieces of History: The Navajo Treaty of 1868: A Personal Story
Pieces of History: Treaties at the National Museum of the American Indian
Pieces of History: Minnie Spotted Wolf and the Marine Corps
Pieces of History: “Indian New Deal”
History Hub: Digitized Native American Reservation Records: Text
History Hub: Digitized Native American Reservation Records: Photos
The Text Message: Celebrating Native American Heritage Month with the National Register of Historic Places
The Text Message: “The Most Barbarous and Inhuman Practice”: The Elimination of Slavery in the Territories, as Seen in the Office of Indian Affairs Microfilm Series
The Text Message: The War After the War: The American Indian Fight for the Vote after WWII
The Text Message: John Werito Goes to War; A Story of a WWII Diné [Navajo] Code Talker
The Text Message: From Scouting for Custer to Farming the Plains; The Life and Times of Hairy Moccasin as Seen in the Crow Indian Agency Records
The Text Message: Considerable Talent and Great Promise: the Early Years of Navajo Artist Beatien Yazz
The Text Message: We Hold the Rock!
The Text Message: “We’re not as bad as we look”: Girls’ Education at the Albuquerque Indian School
The Text Message: The Blue Arrow Head
The Unwritten Record: Non-Military Photographs of Native Americans Within the Records of the Chief Signal Officer
The Unwritten Record: “Who Has Given More Than The Indian?”
The Unwritten Record: Dr. Paul Owen: The First PHS Optometrist
The Unwritten Record: The Indian School for Practical Nursing
Presidential Libraries
Truman Library
The Truman Administration’s Policy Toward Native Americans
Related article by Truman Library Supervisory Archivist Sam Rushay: The complex tale of Truman and Native Americans
Eisenhower Library
Finding Aid to records on Federal Indian Policy
Kennedy Library
Finding Aid to records on Native American History and Rights
Johnson Library
Special Message to the Congress on the Problems of the American Indian: "The Forgotten American," 3/6/1968
Nixon Library
Self-Determination and Tribal Sovereignty: The Lasting Impact of the Nixon Administration — an April 2015 academic conference at the Nixon Library
Conference video highlights:
- American Indian Activism, Tribal Sovereignty, and Nation Building: A Conversation with Tribal Leaders
- American Indian Policy of the Nixon Administration
- U.S. American Indian Policy in Early 20th Century
Native American history-related holdings at the Nixon Library
Reagan Library
Native Communities programs by geographic region
Native Communities Research Guides by geographic region
NARA Research Links and Featured Documents
American Indian Treaties at the National Archives
Guide to American Indian Records in the National Archives
Indian School Journal: Volume 5, January
President Andrew Jackson's Message to Congress "On Indian Removal"
Tribes of Indians at Fort Wayne, Indiana
Commission to the Five Civilized Tribes (Dawes Commission) Records, 1893-1914
Be It Remembered: Treaties with Native Nations
Spotlight on Records: Native American Reservation Photographs
Record Group 75 - Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs
Records of the Carlisle Indian Industrial School at Carlisle, PA
Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940
American Indians in the Federal Decennial Census, 1790-1930
DocsTeach
Primary sources and ready-to-use teaching activities on American Indians
Features and Engagement
Spotlight on Records: Native American Reservation Photographs
Archives Research Page for American Indians
Help the National Archives Tag Photos of Life on Native American Reservations
Mental Floss
Help the National Archives Tag Photos of Life on Native American Reservations
Online Interactive Exhibit: Record of Rights, Rights of Native American Indians
National Museum of the American Indian’s “Nation to Nation” exhibition Treaties Between the United States and American Indian Nations. September 21, 2014– 2021, all treaties on loan from the National Archives.
Treaty between the Ottawa, Chippewa, Wyandot, and Potawatomi Indians. View in National Archives Catalog.
Archivist of the United States David S. Ferriero and Potawatomi Nation Tribal Councilman Alex Warsaw look at Indian Treaties in the conservation lab of the National Archives Building in Washington, DC. Image by Jennifer Miller for NMAI.
From left, Elaine Webster of NMAI, joins representatives of the Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians to view the Treaty of Fort Wayne, 1809, on loan from the National Archives, at the Smithsonian's National Museum of the American Indian, 2017.
President Reagan receiving a Native American painting from John Nieto in the Oval Office, 1982.
